Bacteria

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Bacteria

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Often maligned as the causes of human and animals disease

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Actinomycetes

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Produce antibiotics

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Bacteria

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Live symbiotically in our body

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Bacteria

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Helps in converting nitrogen into usable form

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Bacteria

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Put the tang in yoghurt ang sourdough bread

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Bacteria are in immense importance because of their?

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Extreme flexibility, capacity for rapid growth and production

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Heterotrophs

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Organisms that cannot make their own food through carbon fixation

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Saprobes

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Organisms that derives its nourishment from nonliving or decaying organic matter

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Nitrogen decomposers

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Bacteria in the soil that break down nitrates and return nitrogen into the atmosphere

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Phototrophic/photosynthetic autotrophs

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Capture enery from sunlight and produce their own food (green plants)

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Chemotrophic/chemosynthetic autotrophs

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Obtain energy from inorganic molecules like hydrogen sulfide, nitrates, sulfur and iron

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Phototrophic heterotrophs

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photosynthetic-also used organic compounds for nutrition

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Chemotrophic heterotrophs

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Obtain energy by taking organic molecules and then breaking them down and absorbing them

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Peptidoglycan

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A polymer consisting of sugars and amino acids

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Peptidoglycan

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Transfers an mesh-like layer outside the plasma membrane of most bacteria, forming cell wall

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PlasmidFlagellaCapsule

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Bacterial structures that are sometimes present

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ChromosomeRibosomeCell wallCytoplasmCell membrane

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Bacterial structure that always present

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Binary fissionBacteria conjungation

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2 types of bacteria reproduction

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Archae

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Means early or primitive

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Kingdom archaebacteria

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Thought tobbe 3.5 billion years ago by rock and fossil fuels

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Kingdom archaebacteria

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Able to live in extreme conditions

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Kingdom archaebacteria

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Also called extremophiles

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Kingdom archae bacteria

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More similar to eukaryathan eubacteria

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MethanogensHalophilesThermoacidophiles

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Subgroups of kingdom archaebac.

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Methanogens

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Organisms that produce methane as a metabolic by product in hypoxix conditions

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Methanogens

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Lives in swamps and marches

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Methanogens

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Killed by O2

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March gas

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Reduce CO2 using H2 and release methane in swamps and marches that is called?

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MethanobacteriumMethanococcusMethanospirillum

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Examples of methanogens

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Halophiles

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Like extremely saline environments

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Halophiles

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Survive with high salts concentration like great salt lake and dead sea

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Halophiles

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Can survive ten times more salt concentration preent in sea

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Halophiles

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Comes from the greek word "hals" means salt and "phile" means love

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Bacteriohodopsin

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Red or orange pigment

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Halorubin

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Also called bacteriohodopsin

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Halobacterium

Halococcus

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Examples of halophiles

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Thermoacidophiles

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Organisms that lives in harsh and acidic environment

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90°C and pH of 2.0

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Hot sulfur springs temp. And pH

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Thermoproteus

SulfotobusChaetomiumThermophile

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Examples of thermoacidophiles

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Kingdom eubacteria

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The true bacteria

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Phylum schizophyta

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Phylum where class rikettsia belongs

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Class rickettsia

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Degenerate bacteria like organisms

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Class rickettsia

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Live and multiply ontly in arthropods

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Fleas, ticks, lice

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Arthropods class rickettsia live

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Insect bites

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Disease can transmitted to humans by

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Rickettsia prowazekii

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Smallest rickettsia

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Body louse

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Rickettsia prowazeckii is transmited by

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Rickettsia prowazekii

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Causes epidemic typhus

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Rickettsia tsutsugamushi

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Largest rickettsia

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Mites

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The largest rickettsia is transmitted by

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Rickettsia tsutsugamushi

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Causes scrub typhus

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Phylum actinobacteria

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They are in great economic importance to humans because agriculture and forest depend on their contribution to soil system

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Phylum actinobacteria

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Behave much like fungi

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Actinomycetales

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Long beleived to be fungi

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Frankia

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Live symbiotically with the plants whose roots pervade with the soil fixing nitogen for the plants in exchange for access to some of their plants

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Order actinomycetales

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Organisms called actinomyceter

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Actinomycetes

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Red shaped bacteria that forms branched filaments

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Actinomycetes

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Inhabitance of soilMostly are decomposers

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Pathogenic

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Means can cause disease

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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Causes koch's disease

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Mycovacterium leprae

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Causes hansens disease

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Axial filaments

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Are boundles of fabrils the rotation from the ends of the cell

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Outer sheath

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The rotation of the filaments produces movement of the ____that propels the spirochaetes in spiral motion

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Class spirochete

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Move in a snake line motion

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Class spirochete

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Are found in soil and water and decaying plants

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Class spirochete

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Saprophytic and pathogenic

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Dementia

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Spirochates may also cause dementia

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Salvarsan

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The first partially organic synthetic antimicrobial drug in medical history

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Salvarsan

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Primarily used to cure syphilis

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Treponema pallidum

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Spirochete of syphilis

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Trepunema pertenue

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Causes yaws

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Yaws disease

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A chronic infectious disease caused by a bacterium treponema pallidum pertenue

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Yaws disease

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It affects skin, bones, cartilages, and joints

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Borrelia recurrentis

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Causes relapsing fever

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Leptospira interrogans

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Causes relapsing fever

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Leptospirs interrogans

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Causes leptospiroses

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Borrelia burgdorferi

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Causes lyme disease

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Phylum cyanophyta

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They have membrane that contain chlorophyll and other chemical required to carry photosynthesis

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Phylum cyanophyta

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Aquatic eubacteria

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Phylum cyanophyta

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Thay have thick cell wall but do not have flagella

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Phylum cyanophyta

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Known as blue green algae

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Phylum cyanophyta

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Ancestors of the present day chloroplast

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Phycocyanin

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Blue pigment

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Chlorophyll

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Green pigment

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Nostoc

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A genus of cyanobacteri

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Nostoc

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Contain filaments embedded in a gelatinuos substance

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Lactubacillus

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Present in milk and dairy products, and fermented foods

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L.acidophilusL.reuteriL. Plantarum

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Predominant species of lactobacillus

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Lactubacillus

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Known for their ability to utilize lactose

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Probiotic

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Arenlive bacteria that can be found in other fermented foods

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Escherichia coli

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Part of the normal microflora

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E.coli

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These bacteria produce vitsmin A and biotin essential for a variety of cellular process

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Rhizobia

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Are present in soil or form a symbiotic association with the root bodulez at leguminons party

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Rhizobium etli,BrodyrhizobiumAzorhizobium

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Species of rhizobia

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Micobacteria

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Found in water and food

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Clostridium tetani

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It enters your body through a tube, and replicates there

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Lockjaw

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The most frequent presenting symptoms which i due to spasm of the masseler muscles

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Lockjaw

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When the jaw temains tightly closed together with the spasm of facial expression

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Lockjaw

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The typical "risus sardonicus"

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Bacillus anthracis

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Cause anthrax

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Anthrax

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Caused by inhalation o B. Anthtacis endospores

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SheepGoatsCattle

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Anthrax mainly occurs in

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Oral-pharyngeal anthrax

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An unusual manifestation of human infection with B. Anthracis