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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Axial skeleton
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contains:
skull vertebral column thoracic cage |
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skull/cranium
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Made up of:
Frontal lobe Parietal lobe (2) Occipital lobe (2) Temporal lobe (2) |
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Parietal lobe
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sagittal suture
coronal/frontal suture |
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Sagittal suture
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between parietal bones; midline articulation point
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coronal suture
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between frontal and parietal bones
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Temporal bone
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Inferior to parietal bone on lateral skull
Contains: squamous suture zygomatic process mandibular fossa external auditory meatus styloid process mastoid process jugular foramen carotid canal |
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squamous suture
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between temporal and parietal
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zygomatic process
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cheekbone attachment, form zygomatic arch
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mandibular fossa
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rounded depression inferior surface of zygomatic process
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external auditory meatus
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Canal leading to eardrum/middle ear
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styloid process
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needle like projection inferior to external auditory meatus
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Mastoid process
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rough projection inferior and posterior to external auditory meatus
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Jugular foramen
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opening medial to styloid process (jugular and cranial nerves pass through)
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Carotid canal
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opening medial to styloid process (carotid artery passes into cranial cavity)
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Occipital Bone
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most posterior bone of the skull, forms floor and back wall
Contains: lamdoid suture foramen magnum occipital condyles |
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Lamdoid suture
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between sagittal and occipital bones
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Foramen magnum
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opening in the base of the skull where the spinal cord joins the brain
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Occipital condyles
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rounded projections that articulate with 1st cervical vertebra (atlas)
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Sphenoid bone
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butterfly/bat shaped
keystone bone, articulates with all bones of the skull contains: greater wings lesser wings Sella turcica optic canal foramen ovale sphenoid sinus |
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Greater wings
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on top, exteriorly anterior to temporal, form part of eye orbit
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Lesser wings
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on bottom, bat shaped, anterior to sella turcica
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Sella Turcica
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pituitary gland housed here, saddle shaped, sphenoid midline
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Optic canal
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opening in base of lesser wings, optic nerves enter the orbits
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Foramen ovale
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opening posterior to sella turcica, 5th cranial nerve passes through
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Sphenoid sinus
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posteriorly middle of nose bridge
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Ethmoid Bone
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Irregularly shaped bone anterior to sphenoid, forms roof of the nasal cavity, upper nasal cavity, upper nasal septum, and part of the medial orbit walls.
Contains: crista galli cribriform plates superior and middle nasal concha perpendicular plate ethmoid sinus |
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Crista galli
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cocks comb, point of attachment for the dura matter, secures brain in skull
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Cribriform plates
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Body plates lateral to crista galli, olfactory fibers pass to brain
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Superior and middle nasal concha
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thin coiled plates of bone from ethmoid into nasal cavity
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Perpendicular plate
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inferior projection of ethmoid forms superior part of nasal septum
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ethmoid sinus
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inferior to frontal sinus, superior to sphenoidal sinus
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Mandible
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lower jaw, articulates with temporal bones
contains: mandibular condyle Coronoid process mental foramen mandibular foramen alveolar margin |
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Mandibular condyle
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articulation point mandible with mandibular fossa of temporal bone
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Coronoid process
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jutting anterior portion of ramus (site of muscle attachment)
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Mental foramen
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prominent opening that transmits mental blood vessels and nerves to lower jaw
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Mandibular foramen
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open lower jaw, medial aspect mandibular ramus, permits passage of nerve for tooth sensation (novacaine inserted here)
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Alveolar margin
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inferior margin containing sockets for teeth to lie within
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Maxilla
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upper jaw
contains: alveolar margin palatine process infraorbital foramen maxillary sinus |
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Alveolar margin
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superior margin containing sockets for teeth to lie in
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Palatine process
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form anterior hard palate, meet medially in intermaxillary structure
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Infraorbital foramen
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opening under orbit, carrying infraorbital nerves, blood vessels to nasal region
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Maxillary sinus
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largest sinus, frontal
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Lacrimal bone
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fingernail sized bones forming part of the medial orbit walls between the maxilla and ethmoid
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Palatine
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paired bones posterior to palatine process, form posterior hard palate and part of the orbit
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Zygomatic
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lateral to maxilla forms cheekbone and part of lateral orbit
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Nasal
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small rectangular bones forming the bridge of the nose
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V omer
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blade shaped bone in median plane of nasal cavity that forms posterior and inferior nasal septum
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Inferior nasal concha
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thin curved bones protruding medially from lateral walls of nasal cavity
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Hyoid
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free floating bone in throat above larynx, point of attachment for tounge and neck muscles, horseshoe shaped
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Vertebrae
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24 single bones that form the vertebral column
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Structures of vertebrae
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Body
vertebral foramen transverse process spinous process superior and inferior articular processes intervertebral foramina |
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Vertebrae body
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rounded central portion, faces anteriorly
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Vertebral foramen
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spinal column runs through this, opening enclosed by the body and vertebral arch
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Transverse process
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two lateral projections from vertebral arch
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Spinous process
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single, palpable, medial and posterior projection from the vertebral arch
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Superior and inferior articular processes
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articulate with other vertebrae, superior articular process face toward spinous process, inferior articular processes face away from spinous process
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Intervertebral foramina
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space between two joined vertebrae
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Cervical vertebrae
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7
transverse foramina (opening in transverse process) |
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1st cervical vertebrae
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C1
atlas joins with occipital condyle to "say yes" |
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2nd cervical vertebrae
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C2
axis has dens allows for pivot "say no" |
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Thoracic vertebrae
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12
have facets for ribs rounded transverse processes for articulation with ribs |
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Lumbar vertebrae
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5
larger body stubby, flay arms |
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Sacrum
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5 fused vertebrae
composite bone articulates with LB connects with coccyx contains: median sacral crest alae sacral foramina sacral canal sacral hiatus sacral promontory |
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Median sacral crest
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spiny process of fused vertebrae, posterior view
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Alae
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wings, laterally articulate with hip bones
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Sacral foramina
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located at either end of transverse sacral ridges
openings allow sciatic nerve to pass |
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Sacral canal
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opening superior, posterior
allows cerebral fluid to flow through |
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Sacral hiatus
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hole posterior inferior
allows fluid out |
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Sacral promontory
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Where last lumbar vertebrae joins sacrum
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Bony thorax
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sternum
ribs |
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Sternun
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breast bone
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Manubrium
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tie shaped head
articulates with clavicle |
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Body/gladiolus
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middle area of sternum
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Xiphoid process
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inferior end
5th intercostal space |
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Ribs
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12 pairs
7 pairs true 5 pairs false (two types) 3 pairs articulate with sternum cartilage (rib 7) 2 pairs floating, no sternal attachment |