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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Definition of domesticate
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To bring wild animals under the control of humans and eventually improve the species by selection, mating, and handling.
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What is the goal of domestication?
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To provide improved products and services for humans.
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What's another name for the Land Grant College Act of 1862?
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The Morrill Act, sponsored by Justin Smith Morrill.
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What did the Morrill Act propose?
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Federally owned land to be sold and proceeds to establish at least one college in each state. “Land Grant.” Provides access to the common person.
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What did the Hatch Act of 1887 propose?
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A “Research Grant,” to aid in the acquiring and diffusing of useful and practical information on subjects connected with agriculture.
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What was the Smith-Lever Act of 1914?
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Extended knowledge and information to local people at a time and place advantageous to them. “Extension Act.”
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What are the U.S. food expenditures?
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33% for red meat, poultry and fish
14% for milk, cheese and ice cream 4% for eggs ~51% of food budget for animal products |
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Is there a world food problem?
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Current global food supply may be sufficient for an adequate diet for all--however, 800 million inadequately fed due to inequitable distribution.
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What are some nutritional aspects of animal foods?
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High nutrient density and availability, increase of animal products in diets of children with low intakes supposedly improves growth and mental development.
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What are sources of feed for animal production?
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Human-inedible materials: forages from 3.35 billion hectares, crop residues and food and fiber processing by-products.
Human-edible materials: Cereal grains, some oil seed meals (globally, 1/3 of total is fed to animals). |
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Definition of breed
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Animals that, through selection and breeding, have come to resemble one another and pass those traits uniformly to their offspring.
Characteristics common to the individuals within the group distinguish them from other animals within the same species. |
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Definition of pedigree
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Record of an individuals ancestry.
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What is the scientific classification of cattle from suborder and below?
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Suborder: Ruminata
Family: Bovidae Genus: Bos Species: taurus; indicus |
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Which breed of beef cattle has the highest amount of registrations?
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Angus
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What breed originated in Scotland, and is black and polled?
What traits does it have? |
Angus.
Maternal and carcass traits. |
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Which breed of cattle originated in England, and is red/white and can be horned or polled?
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Hereford
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What breed of cattle originated in France, is white, can be horned or polled, and is a large and heavily muscled animal?
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Charloais.
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Describe the Simmental.
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Originated in Switzerland, Germany and France.
Can come in colors gold/white & horned, or black, red & polled. Used for meat and milk in Europe. |
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How long is the gestation period for a bovine?
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~283 days
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What is the time period from calving to weaning?
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6 to 8 months
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What is the market weight/age for cattle?
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~1300 lbs, ~18 months.
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Describe the Holstein.
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Originated in Holland, and weighs around 1400 lbs. Comes in black and white.
Produces 21,091 lbs of milk, with 3.66% fat. |
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Describe the Brown Swiss.
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Originated in Switzerland, and weighs around 1500 lbs. Comes in blackish-brown or silver color.
Produced 16,974 lbs of milk, with 4.04% fat. |
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What breed of dairy cattle originated in Scotland, weighs 1200 lbs, and comes in mahogany and white?
How much milk does it produce? |
Ayrshire.
Produced 15,430 lbs of milk with 3.85% fat. |
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Which breed of dairy cattle originated in the Jersey Isles, weighs 1000 lbs and produced 14,396 lbs of milk with 4.7% fat?
Which colors does it come in? |
Jersey.
Comes in fawn or blackish-brown. |
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___% of dairy cows are breed by artificial insemination
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50%
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How often should a dairy cow calve?
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Every 13 months.
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What is the genus and species for sheep?
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Ovis aries
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How old are sheep when they are first bred?
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1 year
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What is the gestation for sheep?
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147-152 days.
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What kind of breeders are sheep?
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Seasonal breeders.
They are seasonally anestrous - not cycling. Most fertile in October and November. |
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What are examples of meat breeds of sheep?
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Suffolk, Hampshire, Dorset.
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What are Ewe breeds?
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Breeds known for maternal traits - prolificacy, milk production, mothering ability and wool. (Ex: Rambouillet, crossbreeds)
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What is the gestation rate for swine?
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114 days
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What is the market weight for a pig?
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250-320 lbs at 5.5-6 months of age.
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Describe the Yorkshire breed?
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White with erect ears. Maternal breed.
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Describe the Landrace breed?
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White with floppy ears. Maternal breed.
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Describe the Duroc breed?
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Red with floppy ears. Terminal breed.
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Describe the Hampshire breed?
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Black with white belt, erect ears. Terminal breed.
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What is the gestation rate for equines?
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~340 days. Depends of age, size, and physical condition.
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What is the most numerous horse breed in the U.S.?
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The Quarter Horse.
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What is one of the oldest breeds of horses?
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The Arabian.
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What is the most numerous draft horse breed in the U.S.?
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The Belgian.
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What is the gestation length for a feline?
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~66 days.
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What is the gestation length for canines?
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56-72 days, ~66 on average.
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