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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
List some specific characteristics of avian bones |
- + Ca/Phosphate than in mammals, - Pnematization of bones by their air sacs, - Small skull & Large Orbits, - Open Pelvis - Lack of Cartilage structures |
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Modifications to the Avian Cranium |
- Single Occipital Condyle - Septum Interorbitale - Lack of Interparietal Bone - Os Prefrontale btwn Nasal/Frontal Bone -Os Oticum |
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Name the process on the 2nd - 5th ribs in Latin |
Processus Uncinatus |
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Number of Vertebrae Cervicales in; A) Chickens/Turkeys B) Duck C) Goose D) Pigeon |
A) 13-14 B) 16 C) 17-18 D) 12-13 |
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Number of Vertebrae Thoracicae in; A) Chick/Turkey/Pigeon B) Duck/Goose |
A) 7 B) 9 |
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Name the bone, in latin, formed by the fusion of the thoracic vertebrae |
Os Notarium |
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Which two pairs ribs are the 'floating ribs'? |
First two |
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Name the two surfaces, in latin, of the Corpus Sterni |
Facies Visceralis Facies Muscularis |
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What bones form the Synsacrum |
-1-2 last Thoracic Vertebrae -Lumbar Vertebrae -Sacral Vertebrae -1st Caudal Vertebrae |
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List the three main parts of the Pygostyle |
Basis Pygostyli Lamina Pygostyli Apex Pygostyli |
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Name the opening in Os Pneumaticum |
Foramen Pneumaticum (at proximal end) |
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Which is stronger, the Ulna or Radius? |
Ulna |
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Name the three Cingulum Membri Thoracici & mark the biggest |
Scapula Clavicula Coracoideum** |
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List the Ossa Manus |
Ossa Carpi, Metacarpi et Digitorum reduced et remnant |
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Example of an Ansiodactyl |
Chicken |
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Zygodactyl |
Parrot |
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Tridactyl |
Emu |
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Didactyl |
Ostrich |
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What two bones form Os Innominatum |
Os Coxae + Os Lumbosacrale |
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Name the process on the Tarsometatarsus in the cock |
Processus Calcaris |
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Two functions of Mm. Subcutanei |
1) Move Feathers 2) Tense Patagium
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What is Patagium? |
A fold of integument between the thoracic limb and trunk |
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List the Mm. Capitis |
Mm. Mandibulae Mm. of Apparatus Hyobrachialis |
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Mm. Trunci |
Mm. Costopulmonales |
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Function of Mm. Membri Thoracici |
Muscles for flight |
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Mm. Membri Thoracici |
M. Pectoralis M. Supracoracoideus |
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What avian species is Vesica Fellea absent in? |
Pigeon & Budgie |
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Where does the Pancreas lie in avians? |
Between the limbs of the duodenum |
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Name the three segements of the Cloaca |
Coprodeum Urodeum Proctodeum |
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Name the two main sections of the Gaster |
Proventriculus Ventriculus |
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Glands of the Proventriculus |
Gll. Proventriculares |
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Glands of the Ventriculus? What do they produce? |
Gll. Ventriculares Cuticula Gastrica |
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Longest section of the Intestinum Tenue |
Jejunum |
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Name the 3 openings, in latin, in the Urodeum section of the Cloaca |
Ostium Cloacale Ureteris Ostium Cloacale Ductus Deferentis Ostium Cloacale Oviductus Sinistri |
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What connects cavum nasi & cavum orale? |
Choanae |
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Name the Caudal Larynx - the organ of voice |
Syrinx |
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Where is the Syrinx located? |
Tracheal Bifurcation where R & L main bronchi arise |
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Name the sinus in Cavum Nasi which can be compared to Sinus Maxillaris im domestic mammals? |
Sinus Infraorbitalis |
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Name the enlargement of the trachea |
Tympanum |
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The cartilage in the Syrinx |
Cartilago Trachealis Cartilagines Syryngis |
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Cartilage in the Cranial Larynx |
Cartilagines Arytaenoidea (2) Cartilago Cricoidea (1) |
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Where is the Glottis located? |
Cavum Laryngis |
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Muscles of the Syrinx in Latin |
Musculi Syringeales |
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Name the Vein in the wing for injections |
Vena Basilica |
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Name in latin the superior part of the beak |
Rhinotheca |
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Name in latin the inferior part of the beak |
Gnathotheca |
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Name, in latin, areas where the skin is covered in feathers |
Pterylae |
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Name, in latin, for 'naked skin' areas |
Apteria |
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Latin name for feathers |
Pennae |
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Name the main shaft of the feather |
Scapus |
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Name the hallow shaft of the feather that attaches it to the bird's skin |
Calamus (quill) |
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Name the central shaft of the feather to which the veins are attached |
Rachis |
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What is the vane of the feather |
Flattened part, attached on either side of the rachis |
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What are the barbs of a feather |
The numerous branches off the rachis that form the vanes |
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Name the tiny extensions from barbs that are held together by barbicels |
Barbules |
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List the 3 divisions of Pennae Conturae |
Remiges Rectrices Tectrices |
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List the 2 subdivisions of Remiges |
Primarii Secondarii |
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What are Primarii Remiges |
Long feathers located at the tip of the wing |
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What are Secondarii Remiges |
Shorter feathers Located along the trailing edge of the inner wing |
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Rectrices? What are they attached to? |
Tail feathers The bird's pygostyle |
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Describe Pennae Tectoriae. What is their functions?
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Feathers that line the bird's body. Provide; Streamlining, Insulation & Waterproofing |
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Name the crest on the cockerel's head? |
Crista Galli |
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Explain what down feathers are |
Fluffy feathers located under the contour feathers that serve as insulation |
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Where are the Ren located in Avians? |
Under Os Lumbosacrale |
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What two celoma does septum horizontale seperate? |
Cavitas Pleuralis Cavum Subpulmonale |
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List all the celomas (body cavities) |
Cavitas Pleuralis Cavum Subpulmonale -Cavitas Peritonealis Hepatica Ventralis -C. Peritonealis Hepatica Dorsalis -C. Peritonealis Intestinalis |
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List the components of the Syrinx |
Tympanum, Pessulus;Membranae Tympaniformes, Bronchus Primarius;Pars Extrapulmonalis, Mm. Syringeales C. Trachealis Cc. Syringis |
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What are the Lungs penetrated by? |
Bronchus Primarius; Pars Intrapulmonalis |
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List the 9 Sacci Pneumatici |
Sacci Cervicales x2 Saccus Clavicularis x1 Sacci Thoracici Craniales x2 Sacci Thoracici Caudales x2 Sacci Abdominales x2 |
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Name the Diverticula of Sacci Cervicales |
Diverticula Intermuscularia Diverticula Subcutanea |
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Name the Diverticula of Saccus Clavicularis |
Humerus |
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Name the Diverticula of Sacci Abdominales |
Os Innominatum Os Femoris |
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Name the biggest prolongation of Bronchus Primarius |
Sacci Abdominales |
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Name, in latin, the two parts of the avian ureter |
Pars Renalis Pars Pelvica (urodeum) |
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Organa Genitalia Masculina; where is Appatatus Copulationis located? |
Cloaca |
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Name the tricuspid valve of the heart |
Valva Atrioventricularis Sinistra |
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Does Valva Atrioventricularis Dextra have any cusps? |
No, only Muscular Lamellae |
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Give the latin name for the part of Oviductus Sinister which produces a) albumen? b) membranae testae? |
A) Magnum B) Isthmus |
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Name the gland in the skin of the chicken which produces a bacteriostatic layer on its surface. |
Gl. Uropygialis |
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Name the extension of the esophagus in front of apertura thoracic cranialis |
Crop - Ingluvies |
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Name the bones forming the avian mandible? |
Os Dentale Os Articulare |
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Which bones correspond to the avian malleous and incus? |
Malleous - Os Articulare Incus - Os Quadratum |