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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Direct Muscarinic Agonists:
Choline Esters |
Methacoline: Dx of Asthma
Carbachol: Glaucoma, miosis, relief of intraocular pressure (cars + eyes= john the "chol" one) Bethanechol: Urinary retention, GI dysmotility (Bethany, call me maybe so I can activate your BLADDER and Bowels) Nonselective of M1, M2,M3 cholinergic receptors Antidote for ALL 3: ATROPINE Adverse Effects: DUMBBELLS (Diarrhea, urination, miosis, bradycardia, bronchospasms, emesis, lacrimation, lethargy, salivations, sweating |
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Direct Muscarinic Agonists:
Alkaloids |
"Alky Cevvies prefer M3s before the "xeros" take their PILOs to M1 and M2, too" "Pile up crap in your eye--- INDICATED IN GLAUCOMA"
Pilocarpine: Dry Mouth, glaucoma, miosis induction Cevimeline: Dry mouth Xerostomia: Dry Mouth Pilocarpine and Xerostomia: Nonselective of M1, M2,M3 cholinergic receptors Cevimeline: Preferential for M3 cholinergic receptor Antidote for ALL 3: ATROPINE Adverse Effects: DUMBBELLS (Diarrhea, urination, miosis, bradycardia, bronchospasms, emesis, lacrimation, lethargy, salivations, sweating) |
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Natural Alkaloid Muscarinic Antagonists:
ATROPINE or JIMSON WEED (toxic plant) |
Nonselective muscarinic anatagonists: affects bronchi, sweat glands, saliva
BLOCKS DUMBBeLLS Indications: Mainly ophthalmic, induces mydriasis to reduce secretions Adverse effects: BLOCKS DUMBBeLLS CNS: sedation, dizziness, confusion "hot as a hare, dry as a bone, red as a beet, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter) Contraindicated for elderly, glaucoma, BPH Antidote: Symptomatic, physostigmine |
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Natural Alkaloid Muscarinic Antagonists:
Scopolamine |
MOA: Nonselective muscarinic antagonist w/ CNS effects
Indication: Prevention of motion-sickness "I go scoping out the place so i don't get sick" Adverse Effects: CNS: sedation/dizziness/confusion CV: tachycardia GI/GU: constipation, urinary retention, xerophthalmia, xerostoma, hyperthermia; blurry vision mydriasis cycloplagia Contraindicated for elderly, glaucoma, BPH Antidote: Symptomatic, physostigmine |
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Tertiary Amine Muscarinic Antagonists:
Benzotropine/Trihexyphenidyl |
"Young people park my M1 Benz a tri-(third) time."
M1 Selective Decrease tremor in early Parkinson's w/ L-dopa Contraindicated for elderly, glaucoma, BPH Antidote: Symptomatic, physostigmine Adverse Effects: CNS: sedation/dizziness/confusion CV: tachycardia GI/GU: constipation, urinary retention, xerophthalmia, xerostoma, hyperthermia; blurry vision mydriasis (pupil dilation) cycloplegia (paralysis of ciliary muscle) |
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Tertiary Amine Muscarinic Antagonists:
Hyoscyamine and Dycyclomine |
"HyO, Dicyclo(mine), it's off to cure IBS we go"
Hyoscyamine: NON-selective DI-cyclomine: M1/M3 selectibe Indicated for IBS to decrease GI Motility Adverse Effects: CNS: sedation/dizziness/confusion CV: tachycardia GI/GU: constipation, urinary retention, xerophthalmia, xerostoma, hyperthermia; blurry vision, mydriasis cycloplagia Contraindicated for elderly, glaucoma, BPH Antidote: Symptomatic, physostigmine |
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Tertiary Amine Muscarinic Antagonists:
Oxybutynin, Tolterodine, Fesoterodine |
"My oxybut(t) was tolt to fester until i say destrussorrrr"
"Less M3 selective" Relaxes detrusorrrrrr and tightens bladder sphincter (URINARY INCONTINENCE) Adverse Effects: CNS: sedation/dizziness/confusion CV: tachycardia GI/GU: constipation, urinary retention, xerophthalmia, xerostoma, hyperthermia; blurry vision, mydriasis cycloplagia Contraindicated for elderly, glaucoma, BPH Antidote: Symptomatic, physostigmine |
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Tertiary Amine Muscarinic Antagonists:
Darifenicin and Solienacin |
"Dari-(errrr) and Soloooo tres"
M3 selective Relaxes detrusorrrrrr and tightens bladder sphincter (URINARY INCONTINENCE) Adverse Effects: CNS: sedation/dizziness/confusion CV: tachycardia GI/GU: constipation, urinary retention, xerophthalmia, xerostoma, hyperthermia; blurry vision, mydriasis cycloplagia Contraindicated for elderly, glaucoma, BPH Antidote: Symptomatic, physostigmine |
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Quaternary Amine Muscarinic Antagonist:
Trospium |
Nonselective
***Quaternaries have less CNS SEs than tertiaries*** Indication: Urinary Incontinence Contraindication: Elderly, BPH, Glaucoma Antidote: Symptomatic, physostigmine Adverse Effects: CNS: sedation/dizziness/confusion CV: tachycardia GI/GU: constipation, urinary retention, xerophthalmia, xerostoma, hyperthermia; blurry vision, mydriasis cycloplagia |
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Quaternary Amine Muscarinic Antagonist:
Ipratropium, Tiotropium |
"Tiooooooo, I PRAy you can breathe soon but you gotta stop smoking"
Ipra- short acting (also for acute asthma exacerbation) Tio- longer acting Indication: COPD ***Quaternaries have less CNS SEs than tertiaries*** Contraindication: Elderly, BPH, Glaucoma Antidote: Symptomatic, physostigmine Adverse Effects: CNS: sedation/dizziness/confusion CV: tachycardia GI/GU: constipation, urinary retention, xerophthalmia, xerostoma, hyperthermia; blurry vision, mydriasis cycloplagia |
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Direct Nicotinic Agonists:
Nicotine |
MOA: Nicotinic agonist w/ high affinity for Nn receptor
Indication: Smoking Cessation Adverse Effects: N/V/D, peptic ulcers, HTN, arrythmias, CNS seizures, depolarizing NM blockade; Chronic increase of CV/GI risk **Must taper to minimize withdrawal symptoms** |
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Direct Nicotinic Agonists:
Varenicline |
Partial CNS NN agonist
Indicated for: Smoking cessation prevents withdrawal bc it stimulates some receptors Side Effects: Nausea, insomnia, psych effects, CV risk slight |
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Depolarizing NM Blocker/Nicotonic Agonist:
Succinylcholine |
"Succinylcholine gets Stuck to Ach receptor, then Sucks ions in through open pore."
You Suck stuff in through a mouth-tube, and drug is used for intubation. MOA: NM agonist; Resists AChE, NM blockade--> flaccid paralysis Indication: Surgical Procedure/ICU--> give sedative or analgesic Adverse Effects: prolonged paralysis, resp depression, malignant hyperthermal myopathy, hyperkalemia--- ONLY USE IN SHORT TERM |
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Non-Depolarizing Neuromuscular Nicotinic Antagonists:
Pancuronium, Cistracurium |
"Cur" drugs non-depolarizing-- causes flaccid paralysis by inhibiting ACh competitively
Adverse effects: prolonged paralysis/weakness, tolerance, tachycardia, histamine release --Paralysis is PAN-ful and Cistras (sisters) are too!) and the CUReeee is AChE inhibitor |
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Nicotinic Ganglionic Antagonists:
Hexamethonium |
'twas a heckkkk of a drug- got DC'ed for HTN use
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Organophosphate
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MOA: IRREVERSIBLE inhibitor of AChE
Muscarinic AND nicotinic toxicity; NM Blockade/seizures ATROPINE= ANTIDOTE Used in insecticies/chem warfare |
