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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Targets of the autonomic nervous system include all of the following except ______.
A) cardiac muscle B) exocrine glands C) skeletal muscle D) endocrine glands |
C
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Somatic motor neurons have cell bodies located ______ the CNS that project axons only to __________, and are usually under __________ control.
A) outside; skeletal muscle; involuntary B) inside; the viscera; voluntary C) inside; the viscera; involuntary D) inside; skeletal muscle; voluntary |
D
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Which statement regarding autonomic parasympathetic neurons is true?
A) They are usually activated as a single unit (mass activation) B) They emerge from the brain and sacral regions. C) They form white rami communicantes fibers. D) They may have ganglia located along the spinal cord. |
B
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Which of the following is innervated by postganlionic fibers arising from the cervical ganglia?
A) the eyes B) the digestive system C) the urinary system D) the reproductive system |
A
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Which of the following statements about parasympathetic neurons is true?
A) The nerve fibers are contained in spinal nerves. B) They synapse in terminal ganglia, either next to or within the organs innervated. C) They originate in thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord. D) Postganglionic fibers are usually longer than those of sympathetic neurons. |
B
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Which of the following cranial nerves does not contain preganglionic parasympathetic fibers?
A) oculomotor (III) B) facial (VII) C) optic (II) D) glossopharyngeal (IX) |
C
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The very long cranial nerve that originates from the nuclei in the medulla oblongata and projects preganglionic fibers through the neck to the thoracic and abdominal cavities, is the __________ nerve.
A) optic (II) B) oculomotor (III) C) facial (VII) D) vagus (X) |
D
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All of the following molecules are considered "nonadrenergic noncholinergic" neurotransmitters produced by postganglionic autonomic axons except _________.
A) adenosine triphosphate B) acetylcholine C) vasoactive intestinal peptide D) nitric oxide |
B
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The separate effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation of the pacemaker region of the heart can best be described as ________________.
A) antagonistic B) complementary C) cooperative |
A
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The effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation on the urinary and reproductive systems, causing the male erection and ejaculation for example, are called ___________.
A) antagonistic B) complementary C) cooperative |
C
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The effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation of the salivary glands are called _____________.
A) antagonistic B) complementary C) cooperative |
B
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Which of the following target tissues is innervated by only neurons from the sympathetic nervous system?
A) adrenal medulla B) lacrimal glands C) bronchioles D) iris of the eye |
A
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In general, parasympathetic activation will produce effects that are ______________ to those produced by activation of sympathetic neurons.
A) agonistic B) antagonistic C) complementary D) synergistic |
B
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Which of the following target tissues does not receive dual innervation?
A) lung B) most blood vessels C) heart D) small intestine |
B
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The "fight or flight" response is the term used to describe activation of the ____________.
A) parasympathetic division B) sympathetic division C) somatic motor nervous system D) central nervous system |
B
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Stimulation of which of the following would cause an increase in heart rate and contraction strength?
A) alpha 1 receptors B) alpha 2 receptors C) beta 1 receptors D) beta 2 receptors |
C
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Autonomic motor nerves form synapses known as synapses en passant.
A) True B) False |
TRUE
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Unlike the somatic nervous system, which has one synapse in the periphery, the ANS has two peripheral synapses.
A) True B) False |
TRUE
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A ganglion is defined as a collection of cell bodies located within the peripheral nervous system.
A) True B) False |
TRUE
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Unlike somatic motor neurons that always cause stimulation of skeletal muscle, some autonomic nerves release neurotransmitters that inhibit the activity of their effectors.
A) True B) False |
FALSE
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A drug that blocks the action of a neurotransmitter is said to be an agonist of that neurotransmitter.
A) True B) False |
FALSE
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Cholinergic receptors located on the membrane of target cells are divided into alpha and beta subtypes.
A) True B) False |
FALSE
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There are certain postganglionic autonomic axons that produce their effects through mechanisms that do not involve either norepinephrine (adrenergic) or acetylcholine (cholinergic) neurotransmitters.
A) True B) False |
TRUE
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An increase in sympathetic nerve stimulation to blood vessels causes vasoconstriction, whereas vasodilation of blood vessels is caused by an increase in parasympathetic nerve stimulation.
A) True B) False |
FALSE
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