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186 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Unlike the dynamic microphone, the condenser mic needs ______ to operate.
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Phantom Power
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A professional mic uses a(n)_____ cable at a _______ impedance to carry the signal.
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Balanced, low
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The diaphragm of a ribbon mic is made of:
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Thin aluminum
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How many volts does a phantom power supply generate?
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48
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What is the single unit of measurement for frequency?
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Hertz (Hz)
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What is the single unit of measurement for amplitude?
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Decibels (dB)
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What is the unit of measurement for impedance?
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Ohms
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Name the two types of dynamic mics:
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Moving coil and ribbon
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Name the three polar patterns:
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Omni directional, bi-directional and cardiod
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A mic can be designed to respond equally to all frequencies. Such a device is said to exhibit a _______ frequency response.
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Flat
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When using a condsenser mic under severe sound pressure levels, you should use a ______ in order to avoid overload distortion at the mixing board.
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Pad
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The symbol for impedance is _______
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The Greek letter Omega
Ω |
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Humans have a frequency range from ________ to ________.
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20 Hz to 20 kHz
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Attack, Sustain and Decay are the three parts of a sound's __________.
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Envelope
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High frequencies have ________ wavelengths.
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Short
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What type of mic has the fastest transient response?
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Condenser
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Any device that changes one form of energy into another is called a ___________.
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Transducer
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The speed of sound in air is
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1135 feet/second
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T/F: Proximity effect is the enhanced detail in sound when a mic is close to the sound source.
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False (it is a bass boost).
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T/F: A pure pressure omni-directional mic has no proximity effect.
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True
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Humans have a dynamic range of _____ to ______.
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1 dB to ~150 dB (threshold of pain)
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What do we call the loss of sound energy as it travels through objects?
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Transmission loss
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The percentage of sound that is absorbed by a material is known as:
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Sound absorption coefficient
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Diffusion is the ___________ of sound waves.
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Scattering
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How many total inputs are available in the Digi 003 family of interfaces?
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18 (8 analog, 10 digital)
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How many simultaneous tracks can playback in ProTools LE?
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48
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What is the highest sample rate available in ProTools LE?
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96 KHz
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Name the 3 components that are required for an HD system.
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ProTools HD software, HD core card, audio interface
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How many mono audio tracks can be used in ProTools LE with the Complete Production Toolkit?
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128
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Which ProTools software add-on is compatible with ProTools M-Powered?
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Music Production Toolkit
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Audio line level signals are generally one of two dB levels: Pro= _____ Consumer=_____
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+4dBv, -10dBv
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Which cables connectors can be used on a balanced cable?
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1/4" TRS, XLR
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One of the first devices that a mic signal runs through in a console is the _________, which increases the signal level.
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Pre-amp (or trim/mic amp)
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What type of auxiliary send is independent of channel fader movement?
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Pre-fader
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What is the mic impedance of a professional mic?
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Low
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A measurement, which is the difference between the system noise level and the strongest signal the equipment can handle, is called the _________
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Signal-to-noise-ratio
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When distortion occurs under severe sound pressure levels, you could use a ____ on a console to attenuate the signal.
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Pad
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When the top and bottom jack on a patch bay are internally connected this condition is called:
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Normalled
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What does the phase button on a console do?
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Put signals in phase (by reversing)
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An I/O point on a console that allows you to send additional signal processing to the signal chain is called a/an
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Insert point
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What are the two most common uses of auxiliary sends?
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Headphone mixes and time-based effects
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Which meter responds quicker, peak or VU?
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Peak
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Which of the following is affected by the hardware buffer size setting?
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RTAS and TDM plug-in processing
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What is NOT a time-based ruler?
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Markers and samples
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Which sample rate and bit depth will take the most MB of hard drive space per minute?
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96 KHz/16 bit
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How can you start recording in ProTools?
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Control +Spacebar (Win)/Command +Spacebar (Mac), Press record and play in Transport, Press 3 on the numeric keypad
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What is the default audio file type for all current ProTools systems?
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WAV
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What is the key command to toggle between the edit and mix windows?
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CMD + =
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Name 3 of the ProTools Edit tools (there are 6)
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Grabber, Selector, Trim, Zoomer, Scrubber, Pencil
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What are the 4 ProTools Edit Modes?
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Shuffle, Slip, Spot, Grid
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When you record audio in ProTools, where is the file saved?
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Audio Files Folder
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If you wanted to open the Transport window, which menu would you use?
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Window
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What track type is NOT available in ProTools LE?
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VCA Master
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What type of filter rolls off low frequencies?
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High pass filter
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What term best describes a graphic equalizer?
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Fixed frequency
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What type of equalizer has controls for center frequency, boost/cut and bandwidth?
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Fully-parametric
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A notch filter cuts out _______.
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A specific frequency band
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What graphic equalizer provides the engineer with the most control?
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1/3 octave EQ (the smaller the range the more control)
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The control on a compressor that determines where the compressor "kicks in" is called:
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Threshold
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Gives three examples of modulated effects.
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Chorusing, flanging, pitch shift
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The time between the input signal arrives and the reverb starts is called the ______.
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Pre-delay
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T/F: Time based effects (delay, reverb, flanging, chorus, etc.) are usually patched into the mixer as a channel insert.
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False (aux send)
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T/F: Dynamic effects (compressors, gates, limiters, etc.) are usually patched into the mixer as a channel insert.
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True
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The filter type sometimes found on some mics is the ______ filter.
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High pass
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The device that CUTS OFF the signal when it falls below the threshold level is called:
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Gate
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The device that REDUCES the signal when it falls below the threshold level is called:
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Expander
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When the output of a processor is routed back to its own input, this is called:
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Feedback
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A compressor is a ______ effect.
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Dynamic
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Diffusion changes the ________ of the reverb.
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Emptiness
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List three types of reverb.
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Real space, digital, chamber, hall, plate.....
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T/F: External key/trigger is a method of activating a reverb via an internal effect.
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False
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LFO stands for _________.
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Low Frequency Oscillator
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All analog to digital converters have a ________ filter.
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Low pass
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If the sample rate is 20 kHz, the highest possible audio frequency it can record is _____.
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10 kHz
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The two most common sample rates used in digital AUDIO recording are :
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44.1 and 48 (kHz)
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The two available bit depths available in the current ProTools setups are:
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16 and 24
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T/F: Higher sample rates will have less distortion and noise.
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False (they have a higher frequency response)
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T/F: The advantage of recording at a higher resolution is that the sound will have more low frequencies.
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False
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T/F ProTools always saves audio files to the central Audio Files folder shared by all ProTools users.
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False
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The ProTools mode that allows audio placement anywhere on the timeline is:
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Slip
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The ProTools mode that only allows audio placement next to an existing region is:
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Shuffle
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The ProTools mode that only allows audio placement onto a predefined set of values is:
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Grid
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A 1 minute, stereo, 44.1 kHz, 16 bit wav file will take up about ____ MB of hard drive space.
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10
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T/F: A TDM plugin uses the computer's CPU to process the sound.
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False
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T/F: An RTAS plugin is an effect that cannot be rendered in real time.
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False
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An aux send in ProTools can be used for:
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Routing signals out of ProTools, routing signals inside of ProTools, and headphone mixes
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Inserts in ProTools can be used for:
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Routing signals out of ProTools and routing signals inside of ProTools
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Name all of the plugin formats used by ProTools.
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TDM, RTAS, Audiosuite
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The non realtime plugin format in ProTools is called:
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Audiosuite
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T/F: If a session is saved to a computer, there is no reason to back it up to an external hard drive.
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FALSE!
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__________ is the synchronization pulse for digital devices.
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Wordclock
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An _________ track in ProTools combines a MIDI track and an AUX track.
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Instrument
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The stereo miking technique that is the most phase coherent is:
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X/Y
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The stereo miking technique that uses two figure eight mics at 90 degrees is:
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Blumlein
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The name for the stereo miking technique that uses three mics in an array is:
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Decca Tree
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T/F: The "three to one rule" is used to reduce the "hole in the middle" syndrome in spaced pair miking techniques.
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False (Decca Tree)
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T/F: There is little need to worry about phase issues once two mics are more than 12 inches apart from each other in a multi-mic recording setup.
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False
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The brain localizes sound using:
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Intensity (volume), phase, and timbre
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Name the optional component that can be added to an HD system.
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Extra plugins
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Room mics are used to:
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Push an instrument back in the mix
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Name the stereo mic configurations that use a figure 8 polar pattern.
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Blumlein and Mid-Side
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When an automation system is recording a mute on a channel, it is known to be recording a:
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Switching function
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What is the name of the computer code utilized by most automation systems to synchronize the moving-faders and mutes to the recorded material?
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SMPTE
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When you combine a multi-track recording, add effect processing and record it as a stereo signal, the term used to describe it is:
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Mixdown
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When an automation system is recording fader movements, it is known to be recording a:
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Dynamic function
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List 3 types of automation systems.
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VCA, moving fader, MIDI
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Name the term used to describe when one fader controls the level of multiple faders simultaneously.
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Grouping
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Name four formats that can be used for recording the final 2-track mix.
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1 in tape, 1/2 in tape, 1/4 in tape, Data CDR
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Name the type of automation that employs miniature motors interfaced with a computer to actually move the faders during an automated mixdown.
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Moving fader
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Name the type of automation that employs a DC voltage supplied by the manipulation of a fader to control the gain of an amplifier.
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VCA
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List the 5 ProTools automation modes.
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Auto read, auto write, auto latch, auto touch, auto off
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What is the keyboard shortcut to access the ProTools automation enable window?
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CMD+4 on the number keypad
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Which of the following is not a type of send available in ProTools? (Equalizer, Interface, Bus)
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Equalizer
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In ProTools, what is one of the automation UPDATE modes?
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Auto touch or auto latch
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Should you use ProTool's Bounce to Disc function to capture a mix from an analog console?
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No
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What is the command to make a track Solo Safe in ProTools?
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CMD+Click on the track's solo button
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List the first two steps to create a mix group in ProTools.
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1) Select all tracks you want grouped.
2) Create a new group (Group menu, track menu or CMD+Option+G) |
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Which of the following is not a type of insert in ProTools? (I/O, Plugin, Audiosuite)
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Audiosuite
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T/F: Automation Playlists are used to view and edit automation in ProTools.
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True
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With which edit tool in ProTools can you option-click to remove a single automation break point?
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Grabber
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List 4 parameters that can be automated in ProTools.
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Volume, pan, solo, mute
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T/F: The speed of sound is at 1500ft/min
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False (1135ft/sec)
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T/F: Pitch is generally represented as dB.
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False (Hz)
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T/F: The most common mic to use on a snare drum is a dynamic mic.
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True
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T/F: To create a separate cue mix for the artist's headphones, you use a post-fader send.
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False
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T/F: The trim control allows you to adjust the input level on a mixer.
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True
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T/F: Higher resolution digital audio allows for higher frequencies to be recorded.
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False
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T/F: A compressor is usually connected to a mixer through an aux send-return system.
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True
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T/F: Some mics have a built-in band-pass filter.
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False
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T/F: Non-parallel surfaces are generally better for acoustics than parallel surfaces.
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True
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The amplitude of sound is perceived as:
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Volume
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The frequency of sound is perceived as:
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Pitch
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A pad allows you to:
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Decrease the input level
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An analog to digital (A/D) converter will always have a _____ to prevent aliasing.
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Low pass filter
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What type of equalizer has controls for center frequency, boost/cut and bandwidth?
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Fully-parametric
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A professional mic uses a(n) ____ cable at a _____ impedance to carry the signal.
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Balanced, low
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The difference between the inherent system noise and the loudest sound a system can record or reproduce is known as the:
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Signal-to-noise ratio
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A ribbon mic and a moving coil mic are both ______ microphones.
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Dynamic
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A ________ mic requires a power supply.
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Condenser
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A direct box allows you to convert a _____ input to a ______ output.
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High impedance, low impedance
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Which filter cuts a specific frequency?
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Notch
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What type of filter rolls off low frequencies?
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High pass
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The device that REDUCES the signal when it falls below the threshold level is called:
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Downward expander
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A six minute, 44.1/16, mono digital audio track will take up about how much of hard drive space?
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33 MB
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The standard CD sample rate is:
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44/1 kHz
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T/F: A TDM plugin uses the computer's CPU to process the sound.
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False
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The brain localizes sound using:
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Frequency (tone), amplitude (volume), and phase
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LFO stands for:
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Low Frequency Oscillator
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List 3 stereo miking techniques
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Of these: X/Y, mid-side, Decca Tree, Spaced Pair, Blumlein, Near Coincident, ORTF,Binaural
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The short-term memory of a computer is known as:
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RAM
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The "brain" of a computer is known as:
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CPU
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ProTools software on a computer would be best categorized as a(n):
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Application
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A ProTools session is also known as a(n):
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File
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ProTools HD cards are installed in:
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PCI slots
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T/F: MP3 processing is used to improve the audio quality in various audio file types
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FALSE!!!!
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Audio performance of a computer is enhanced by:
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Adding more RAM, faster processors, defragging a hard drive, limiting open applications
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In which ProTools menu can you find the I/O Setup dialog box?
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Setup
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What does the default button in the I/O setup do?
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Applies default paths for the current session
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MSS stands for:
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Midi Studio Setup
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Name one way you can change the edit window display.
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View menu
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You should set your H/W buffer size ______ to record and ______ to mix.
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Lower, higher
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Can the ICON series of worksurfaces be used with ProTools LE?
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No
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What is the difference between a control surface and a worksurface?
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Control surfaces only control onscreen commands
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What is the max number of faders that can be used on an ICON D-Control?
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80
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What DigiBase browser is only available in DigiBase pro?
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Catalog
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When adding audio files to your session using the workspace browser what are two places you can drag the audio file in the Edit Window?
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Of these: Regions list, Track list, edit window
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What is the Mac OS command to create a Region Group?
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CMD+Option+G
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In which ProTools menu do you find the Workspace Browser?
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Window
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What is the keyboard shortcut to create a fade?
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CMD+F
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Can Audiosuite processing be automated?
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No
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Audiosuite plugins are processed in ___________ (Real time, non-real time)
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Non-real time
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What is the difference between removing and deleting a file when using the Clear command in the Region List menu?
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Removing clears the file from the session, deleting permanently clears the file from the hard drive
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What is the maximum number of faders that can be used on an ICON Command?
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40
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Describe what is connected to each numbered pin on an XLR connector.
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Pin 1- Shield/Ground
Pin 2- Positive conductor Pin 3- Negative conductor |
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When an audio studio has all grounds terminated to one localized, single ground source, it is called a:
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Star ground system
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TRS stands for:
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Tip/Ring/Sleeve
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TT stands for
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Tiny Telephone
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An unbalanced cable requires __ conductor(s) and a _____.
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1, shield
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Capacitance in an audio cable causes:
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Phase
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Professional gear generally runs the levels at:
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+4dB
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Consumer gear generally runs the line level at:
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-10dB
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T/F: Impedance is only an issue if the load is too high.
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False
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T/F: RMS defines the peak power of an amplifier.
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False
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T/F: Biamplification refers to using two amplifiers, one for the right speaker and another for the left speaker.
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False (it refers to including a woofer and tweeter for the low and high frequencies, respectively)
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A speaker with a tuned port is commonly called a _____ speaker.
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Bass reflex
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A device that splits the sound into high and low frequencies for a speaker is a:
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Crossover
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