Atr Exam 4

Front 1

Ankle sprains

Back 1

lateral ligaments of the ankle.

Calcaneofibular, posterior talofibular, and anterior talofibular

Front 2

gometiometer measures the?

Back 2

ankle

Front 3

the athletic trainer shouldnt be concerned with just the ....

Back 3

injured body part

Front 4

A.T.C.I.S.I.T.

Back 4

Avoid aggravation (Do NO Harm)

Timing

Compliance

Individualization

Specific Sequencing

Intensity

Total Patient

Front 5

Rehabilitation Objectives

Back 5

treat the whole patient

prevent deconditioning

rehabilitate the injury body part

Front 6

Rehabilitation Goals

Back 6

Should be objective and measurable.

Should have one for every deficiency found.

Long term goals.

Short term goals.

Front 7

Primary Team Members

Back 7

athletic trainer

Physician: specialists

patient

psychologist

physical therapy

Front 8

Secondary Team Members

Back 8

EMT

Pharmacist

Exercise Physiologist

Nutritionist

Supervisor

Peers

Front 9

healing: recovery

Back 9

use of physical agents and/or techniques (therapeutic modalities), determine exercises; extent of activity; progression (therapeutic exercise), appropriateness of medication (pharmacology), return to function

Front 10

healing concepts

Back 10

understand phases/time frames physiological changes associated with each phase. healing is a continuum. must create a conductive environment for healing.

Front 11

phase 1

Back 11

inflammatory response phase.

healing begins immediately.

injury results in altered metabolism and liberation of various materials.

initial reaction by leukocytes and phagocytic cells.

Front 12

phase 2

Back 12

fibroblastic repair phase.

period of scar formation. collagen proliferates, tensile strength increases in proportion of collagen synthesis. as tensile strength increases the number of fibroblasts diminish signal beginning of maturation phase. pain, swelling, tenderness decrease

Front 13

phase 3

Back 13

maturation and remodeling phase.

long term process; may require several years to complete. realignment of collagen relative to applied tensile forces. continued breakdown and synthesis of collagen= increased strength.

Front 14

cardinal signs of inflammation

Back 14

loss of function (function laesa)

pain (dolor)

heat (color)

swelling (tumor)

redness (rubor)

Front 15

DAPRE

Back 15

Daily Adjusted Progressive Resistance Exercise

Front 16

goal of recovery

Back 16

protect, localize, decrease injurious agents, and prepare for healing and repair

Front 17

thermotherapy

Back 17

heat.

increase collagen extensibility; decreasing joint stiffness; reducing pain; relieving muscle spasm; reduction of edema and swelling; increasing blood flow.

Front 18

cryotherapy

Back 18

cold therapy.

vasoconstriction; decrease extent of hypoxic injury to cells; decreased metabolic rate; decrease muscle spasm; decrease free nerve ending and peripheral nerve excitability; analgesia caused by raising nerve threshold.

Front 19

manual therapy

Back 19

massage, myofascial release, muscle energy, and joint mobilization.

Front 20

flexibility and ROM (range of motion)

Back 20

stretching= active, passive, PNF.

use assistive devices= continuous passive motion machine, splints

Front 21

strength and muscular endurance

Back 21

maximal force a muscle group can exert, strength applied over a distance for a specific amount of time, ability of a muscle to perform repetitive contraction against a less than maximal load.

Front 22

Static-

Back 22

isometric (same length)

Front 23

dynamic-

Back 23

isotonic (same contraction)

concentric and eccentric

Front 24

isokinetic

Back 24

same motion

Front 25

proprioception: agility, balance, and coordination

Back 25

the body's ability to transmit afferent information regarding position sense, to interpret the information, and to respond consciously or unconsciously to stimulation through posture and movement.

Front 26

PNF

Back 26

proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation

Front 27

methods to improve strength

Back 27

manual resistance

elastic bands

body weight

free weights

machines

Front 28

open kinetic chain

Back 28

distal segment moves freely in space

Front 29

closed kinetic chain

Back 29

distal segment is weight bearing and the body moves over the hand and foot.

Front 30

principle of strengthening exercises

Back 30

little to no pain.

progressive overload, SAIDS principle

Front 31

S.A.I.D.

Back 31

specific adaptation to improve demands

Front 32

components of Proprioception

Back 32

Balance

Coordination

Agility

Front 33

Balance

Back 33

body's ability to maintain equilibrium by controlling the body's center of gravity over it base of support.

Front 34

Coordination

Back 34

Complex process by which a smooth pattern of activity is produced through a combination of muscles acting together with appropriate intensity and timing.

Front 35

agility

Back 35

the power of moving quickly and easily; nimbleness

Front 36

plyometrics

Back 36

once all of aforementioned met can work on explosiveness, rapid directional change, and force production.

Front 37

functional and sport specific exercise

Back 37

prepare participant to withstand specific stresses of sport or work and meet skill demand, improve confidence, functional activity.

functional activity- ADLs and precedes sport specific activity

sport specific activity including drills

Front 38

pharmocology

Back 38

branch of medicine that deals with the uses, effects, and actions of drugs

Front 39

pharmacotherapeutics

Back 39

study of the effects of drugs on the body

Front 40

OTC

Back 40

can be purchased without the need of an prescription

Front 41

prescription drug

Back 41

have to be written and given to you from your doctor

Front 42

banned substances

Back 42

Sports drug testing:

sudafed

caffeine

Front 43

how can drugs be indentified

Back 43

chemical name- chemical structure of the compound

generic name- shorter name

trade name- name a manufacturing company assigns to a drug

OTC

Prescription

Front 44

how do drugs work

Back 44

drug enters the body, crosses a cells membrane, circulatory system spreads drug throughout the body, and finally product if excreted.

Front 45

non-desired effects of medication

Back 45

side effects

drug allergies- toxic and allergic

drug interactions- interaction inhibiting potency or increasing potency

Front 46

drug testing

Back 46

established by each team, institution, organization, company, etc.

typically done via urine test

positive test reported and sanctions applied

Front 47

drugs for inflammation

Back 47

acetylsalicylic acid (asprin)

NSAID

Front 48

NSAID

Back 48

Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs

frequently used for pain, fever, and inflammation

Front 49

anesthetics

Back 49

contains several drugs that leaves the patient unconscious or totally relaxed.

Front 50

electrotherapy

Back 50

electric therapy

electrodes are placed on or near the area of pain and soothing pulses are sent to the electrodes through the skin and along the nerve fibers. The pulses suppress pain signals to the brain. encourages the body to produce higher levels of its own natural pain killing chemicals

Front 51

ultrasound therapy

Back 51

desired effects include burning feeling, cavitation is caused by the heating of the gas contained in tissue cell nuclei. This can result in difficulty breathing, dizziness, nausea and disorientation.