Atlas Of Human Anatomy For The Artist - The Language Of Anatomy

Front 1

Longitudinal

Back 1

Ref to long axis

Front 2

Transverse

Back 2

At right angles to long axis

Front 3

Vertical

Back 3

Ref to long axis in erect position

Front 4

Horizontal

Back 4

At right angles to vertical

Front 5

Oblique

Back 5

Slanting

Front 6

Median

Back 6

Midway

Front 7

Midline

Back 7

Divides body into right and left sides

Front 8

Medial

Back 8

Nearer to midline (or center plane)

Front 9

Anterior

Back 9

Front

Front 10

Posterior

Back 10

Rear

Front 11

Superior

Back 11

Upper; nearer to crown of head

Front 12

Inferior

Back 12

Lower; further from crown of head

Front 13

Deep

Back 13

Further from surface

Front 14

Superficial

Back 14

Nearer to surface

Front 15

Internal

Back 15

Inside

Front 16

External

Back 16

Outside

Front 17

Proximal

Back 17

Nearer to the root of limb

Front 18

Distal

Back 18

Further from root of limb

Front 19

Palmar

Back 19

Ref. to palm-side of hand

Front 20

Plantar

Back 20

Ref to Sole of foot

Front 21

Dorsal

Back 21

Ref to back; also, back of hand and top of foot

Front 22

Supine

Back 22

Forearm and hand, turned palm-side upward

Front 23

Prone

Back 23

Forearm and hand, turned palm-side downward

Front 24

Inverted

Back 24

Turned inward (as foot at ankle joint)

Front 25

Everted

Back 25

Turned outward (as foot at ankle joint; also lower lip

Front 26

Intermediate

Back 26

Betweenother structures

Front 27

Interosseous

Back 27

Between bones (as membranes and muscle)

Front 28

Bone

Back 28

Inflexiblestructures composing the skeleton

Front 29

Cartilage

Back 29

Substancefrom which bone ossifies; gristle

Front 30

Joint/articulation

Back 30

Connection between bones

Front 31

Suture

Back 31

Interlocking teeth-like edges

Front 32

Neck

Back 32

Constriction of a bone near its head

Front 33

Body

Back 33

Broadest or longest mass of bone

Front 34

Shaft

Back 34

Body of a long bone

Front 35

Symphysis

Back 35

Union of right and left sides in midline

Front 36

Eminence

Back 36

Low convexity (just perceptible)

Front 37

Protuberance/tubercle

Back 37

Bump (can be felt under finger)

Front 38

Tuberosity

Back 38

Large and conspicuous bump

Front 39

Process

Back 39

Projection (can be grasped with fingers)

Front 40

Spine

Back 40

Pointed projection or sharp ridge

Front 41

Crest

Back 41

Ridge or sharp border

Front 42

Condyle

Back 42

Polished articular surface

Front 43

Ramus

Back 43

Plate-like branch of bone

Front 44

Facet

Back 44

Small articular area; often a pit

Front 45

Fossa

Back 45

Shallow depression

Front 46

Foramen

Back 46

Hole; perforation

Front 47

Ligament

Back 47

Fibrous tissue binding bones or lashing tendons or muscles in place

Front 48

Muscle

Back 48

Contractileorgan capable of producing movement

Front 49

Belly

Back 49

Fleshy part of muscle

Front 50

Tendon

Back 50

Fibrous tissue securing a muscle to its attachment

Front 51

Aponeurosis

Back 51

Expanded tendon for attachment of a flat muscle

Front 52

Fascia

Back 52

Fibrous envelopment of muscular structures

Front 53

Sheath

Back 53

Protective covering

Front 54

Serration

Back 54

One of the notches at a saw-like edge

Front 55

Digitation

Back 55

Finger-like divisions of muscle fibers

Front 56

Origin

Back 56

Relatively fixed point of a muscle attachment

Front 57

Insertion

Back 57

Relatively movable point of a muscle attachment

Front 58

Action

Back 58

Movement accomplished by a muscle

Front 59

Flexor

Back 59

Causes bending or angulation

Front 60

Extensor

Back 60

Straightens

Front 61

Levator

Back 61

Raises

Front 62

Depressor

Back 62

Lowers

Front 63

Abductor

Back 63

Draws away from the midline

Front 64

Adductor

Back 64

Draws toward the midline

Front 65

Erector

Back 65

Draws upright

Front 66

Tensor

Back 66

Draws tight

Front 67

Rotator

Back 67

Causes to revolve

Front 68

Supinator

Back 68

Turns palm upward

Front 69

Pronator

Back 69

Turns palm downward

Front 70

Corrugator

Back 70

Draws (skin) into wrinkles

Front 71

Sphincter

Back 71

Regulates the closing of an aperture