Ati Nervous System Meds (Substance Abuse Disorders)

Front 1

benzodiazipines

Back 1

chloridiazepoxide (Librium)
diazepam (Valium)
lorazepam (Ativan)

Front 2

benzodiazipine intended effects (detoxification)

Back 2

maintenance of the client's vitals signs within normal limits
decrease in the risk of seizures
decrease in intensity of withdrawal manifestations

Front 3

benzodiazipine nursing interventions (detoxification)

Back 3

administer around the clock or prn
use chlordiazepoxide only if the client is able to tolerate oral intake
otherwise, use IV route for diazepam and lorazepam
The client may continue with diazepam and lorazepam orally
obtain clients baseline vital signs
monitor vitals and neurologic status on an ongoing basis
provide for seizure precautions

Front 4

adjunct meds for detoxification

Back 4

carbamazepine (Tegretol)
clonidine (Catapres)
propranolol (Inderal)

Front 5

adjunct meds (detoxification) intended effects

Back 5

decrease in seizures- carbamazepine
depression of autonomic response (decrease in BP, HR)-clonidine and propranolol
decrease in craving propranolol

Front 6

adjunct meds (detoxification) interventions

Back 6

provide for seizure precautions
obtain baseline vitals, and continue to monitor on an ongoing basis

Front 7

disulfiram (antabuse) abstinence maintenance meds intended effects

Back 7

daily oral med that is an aversion therapy
used concurrently with alcohol will cause acetaldehyde syndrome to occur
nausea, vomiting, weakness, sweating, palpitations, and hypotension
acetaldehyde syndrome can progress to respiratory depression, cardiovascular suppression, seizures, and death

Front 8

disulfiram (antabuse) abstinence maintenance meds interventions

Back 8

clients of potential dangers of drinking any alcohol
avoid products that contain alcohol
monitor liver function
encourage clients to wear a medical alert bracelet
encourage clients to attend 12 step program
advise that med effects persist for 2 weeks following discontinuation of disulfiram

Front 9

naltrexone (vivitrol) intended effects

Back 9

pure opioid antagonist that suppresses the craving and pleasurable effects of alcohol (also used for opioid withdrawal)

Front 10

naltrexone (vivitrol) nursing interventions

Back 10

check history for opioid dependence- concurrent use increases risk of opiate overdose
take with meals to minimize GI upset
suggest IM injections for those with trouble following med regimen

Front 11

acamprosate (Campral) intended effects

Back 11

acamprosate decreases unpleasant effects resulting from abstinence (anxiety, restlessness)

Front 12

acamprosate (Campral) interventions

Back 12

diarrhea may result
maintain adequate fluid intake
avoid during pregnancy

Front 13

methadone (dolophine) substitution
(withdrawal, abstinence of opioids) intended effects

Back 13

oral opioid agonist that replaces the opioid that the client is addicted to
prevents abstinence syndrome
used for withdrawal and long-term maintenance

Front 14

methadone interventions

Back 14

slowly tapered to produce detoxification
participate in 12 step program

Front 15

clonodine (Catapres) (withdrawal/abstinence of opioids) intended effects

Back 15

withdrawal effects related to autonomic hyperactivity
(diarrhea, nausea, vomiting)
clonodine therapy does not reduce the craving for opioids

Front 16

clonodine (Catapres) interventions

Back 16

baseline vitals
avoid activities that require mental alertness until drowsiness subsides
chew sugarless gum or suck on hard candy etc. to treat dry mouth

Front 17

buprenorphine (Subutex) intended effects

Back 17

agonist-antagonist opioid used for detoxification and maintenance
decreases feelings of craving and may be effective in maintaining adherence

Front 18

bupropion (Zyban) nicotine withdrawal med intended effect

Back 18

decreases nicotine craving and manifestations of withdrawal

Front 19

bupropion (Zyban) interventions

Back 19

chew sugarless gum or suck on hard candy to relieve dry mouth
avoid caffeine and other CNS stimulants to control insomnia

Front 20

nicotine replacement therapy intended effects

Back 20

pharmaceutical product substitute for nicotine in cigarettes and tobacco
nicotine replacement therapy doubles rate of smoking cessation

Front 21

nicotine replacement therapy interventions

Back 21

do not use while pregnant or breastfeeding

Front 22

varenicline (Chantix) intended use

Back 22

nicotinic receptor agonist that promotes the release of dopamine to stimulate the pleasurable effects of nicotine
reduces nicotine cravings and reduces withdrawal symptoms
monitor BP, clients with DM for loss of glucose control
contraindicated for those with depression, serious mental illness, or suicidal ideation