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83 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Two ways emergency situations can be classified... |
Distress Urgency |
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A condition of being threatened by serious and/or imminent danger and requiring IMMEDIATE ASSISTANCE. |
Distress |
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What does a pilot say in a distress situation?
What are examples of distress situations? |
Mayday! Preferably 3x
Ex. Aircraft on fire, smoke in cockpit, critically ill passenger, emergency fuel status, bird strike, VFR pilot in IFR conditions. |
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A condition of being concerned about safety... Requires timely, BUT NOT IMMEDIATE assistance. Potential distress situation. |
Urgency |
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What should pilots say in urgency situations?
Name examples of urgency situations... |
Pan-pan! Preferably 3x
Ex. Low fuel, unsafe gear indication, sick or rowdy passenger, door open, seatbelt outside door. |
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What are universal emergency frequencies? |
VHF 121.5 UHF 243.0 |
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Consider an emergency exists if declared by: |
Pilot
ATC facility personnel
Aircraft owner or officials responsible for operation of the aircraft |
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If there is an unexpected loss of radar contact and radio communications with any IFR or VFR aircraft, consider it an emergency.
What is the emergency transponder code? |
Code 7700 |
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What are electronic, battery operated transmitters that emit a distinct and continuous tone on 121.5 and 243.0 if activated? |
Emergency locator transmitters (ELT) |
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New generation ELTs transmit a stronger signal on ______MHz and can send digitally encoded messages containing owner information and relevant aircraft data. |
406MHz |
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How long do ELTs operate once activated?
Who registers ELTs? |
Continuously for 48 hours.
NOAA |
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If there's an emergency, what is the minimum information that must be obtained? |
Aircraft identification and type
Nature of emergency
Pilot's desires |
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Who's the final authority that's in command and directly responsible for the operation of an aircraft? |
The pilot |
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What facility is responsible for receiving and relaying all pertinent ELT signal information to appropriate authorities? |
ARTCC |
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An aircraft experiencing two-way radio failure is expected to squawk code ______. |
7600 |
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A hijacked aircraft is indicated by the non-discrete code ______. |
7500 |
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During a bomb threat, the controller should advise the pilot and comply with any ________ requests. |
Pilot |
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If there is a reported laser event, broadcast on all appropriate frequencies a general caution every ___ minutes for ____ minutes following the last report. |
5
20 |
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What four things shall be done when the pilot reports an inflight equipment malfunction? |
Request the nature of the malfunction
Ask if any special handling is desired
Provide max assistance possible
Relay any special handling being provided to other specialists or facilities |
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Besides damage it can cause to engines, what else makes volcanic ash so dangerous to aircraft? |
It's not normally detected by radar systems. |
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Fuel remaining is measured in... |
Time |
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What is an interagency agreement which provides for the effective use of all available resources in all types of civil search and rescue missions? |
National Search and Rescue Plan |
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Participants in the National Search and Rescue Plan include... |
FAA U.S. Coast Guard U.S. Air Force NASA |
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Refers to the time from when an aircraft should have reported a compulsory point until it is considered overdue. |
Unreported
*an aircraft is unreported for up to 29 minutes after failing to report. |
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Describes an aircraft that has failed to report and the appropriate time frame has elapsed (30 minutes or an hour). |
Overdue |
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What is an aircraft considered after communications search had failed to locate the aircraft? |
Missing |
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Which facility is responsible for initiating search and rescue procedures for overdue or missing aircraft with VFR, DVFR, or no filed flight plan? |
Flight Service Station (AFSS) |
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Which facility is responsible for initiating search and rescue procedures for overdue or missing aircraft with IFR or Special VFR flight plans? |
ARTCC |
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The military coordinates and conducts search and rescue operations through _________ ___________ __________. |
Rescue coordination centers (RCCs) |
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Which AFB is responsible for search and rescue coordination for the inland region within the contiguous United States? |
Tyndall Air Force Base
Note: Fort Richardson is responsible for Alaska. |
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Coast Guard RCCs are responsible for maritime regions. |
Joint RCCs (Hawaii joint rescue coordination center) are responsible for specific areas, like Hawaii. |
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When is an aircraft on a VFR or DVFR flight plan considered overdue? |
30 minutes after the ETA and communications can't be established.
OVERDUE = ETA + 30
*AFSS initiates SAR |
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When is an aircraft with no filed flight plan considered overdue? |
At the time a reliable source (family member, business associate, base operator, etc.) reports it to be at least one hour late at the destination.
*AFSS initiates SAR |
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A request initiated by AFSS for info concerning an overdue VFR or DVFR aircraft. This is a limited communications search, and when complete with negative results, it's followed by an ALNOT. |
Information Request (INREQ) |
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This is an alert notice originated by an AFSS or ARTCC for an EXTENSIVE communications search for overdue, unreported, or missing aircraft.
This message goes to all ATC facilities and airports within 50 miles either side of the aircraft's planned route from last known position to the destination. |
Alert Notice (ALNOT) |
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When is an aircraft on an IFR flight plan considered overdue? |
When neither communications not radar contact can be established and 30 minutes have passed since its...
ETA over specified compulsory reporting point or clearance limit
Clearance void time |
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When an aircraft is considered to be in emergency status that may require SAR procedures, or an VFR aircraft is overdue, the _________ facility shall alert the _______ and forward information, as available. |
Terminal
ARTCC |
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What types of info should the terminal facility forward to the ARTCC? |
- Flight plan and color of aircraft - time of last transmission - last position report - action taken by reporting facility and proposed action - number of persons onboard - fuel status - facility working the aircraft and frequency - last known position, estimated current position, and max range based on fuel - position of other aircraft on the area - has an ELT signal been heard - other pertinent info |
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When an aircraft is considered to be in emergency status or an IFR aircraft is overdue, the _______ shall alert ____. |
ARTCC
RCC |
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What info should the ARTCC send the RCC? |
- Flight plan and color of aircraft - time of last transmission - last position report - action taken by reporting facility and proposed action - number of persons onboard - fuel status - facility working the aircraft and frequency - last known position, estimated current position, and max range based on fuel - position of other aircraft on the area - has an ELT signal been heard - other pertinent info |
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An ALNOT is transmitted to all ATC facilities and military bases along the route, as well as the regional operations center (ROC) and RCC.
How many miles does the search area expand from the proposed route of flight from the last reported position to the destination? |
50 miles |
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The ALNOT search area can be expanded to cover the maximum range (how far it could have traveled in any direction based on fuel remaining) of the aircraft at the request of RCC or the air traffic facility issuing the ALNOT. |
Know this! |
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Upon receiving an ALNOT, each facility within the search area does what? |
Conduct communications search of airports within the area... Law enforcement agencies can check airports.
Notifies appropriate ATC facilities.
Requests search assistance from aircraft traversing the search area. |
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A reply to the ALNOT should be sent to the originator within one hour if... |
Unable to complete the search, which means a status report is sent.
In the reply, facilities report any new info about the aircraft or send a negative statement. |
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Transfer of search responsibilities to RCC occurs when: |
The ALNOT search has been completed with negative results.
The aircraft has not been located within an hour of issuance.
30 minutes have elapsed after the estimated aircraft fuel exhaustion time. |
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ALNOTs remain active until the aircraft is located or the RCC... |
suspends the search.
*the ALNOT originator will transmit a cancellation message with the location of the aircraft, if found, to all recipients of the ALNOT. |
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If a pilot requests a reporting service (over lakes, islands, mountains, or swamps), AFSS radio contact is to be made every ___ minutes or at designated check points. |
10 |
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Reporting services bypasses INREQ procedures.
If pilot does not make contact within 10 minutes, a __ minute buffer is allowed to pass before SAR is initiated. |
5
*total of 15 minutes since last pilot contact... |
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For announcing speed with proper phraseology, state the separate digits of the speed followed by KNOTS, except... |
When issuing a speed restriction when present speed in known.
Ex. "Reduce speed to one niner zero." |
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Radio communications format with aircraft on INITIAL radio contact... |
Identification of aircraft Identification of ATC unit Message (if any) The word "over" |
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Prefix of US registered civil aircrafts... |
November |
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Air carrier/air taxi (with organs on board) DAL 51 is spoken... |
Medevac Delta fifty-one |
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LN3010B |
Medevac three zero one zero Bravo |
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U.S. Military abbreviations...
A, C, G, R, VM, VV |
Air Force, coast guard, national guard, army, marine, navy |
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Special ops abbreviations...
E, L, RCH, S |
Air Evac, Logair, Reach, SAM |
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When the president is on board a military aircraft, state the name of the military service followed by ONE.
When the president is on board a civilian aircraft, state the words... |
Executive one |
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If the president's family is on board ANY aircraft, state... |
Executive one foxtrot |
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Same rules apply for the Vice President, but instead of ONE, say TWO.
If the VP's family is on board any aircraft, state... |
Executive two foxtrot |
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Who's on board TRANSPORT 1 (DOT1)? |
Secretary of transportation |
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Who's on board TRANSPORT 2 (DOT2)? |
Deputy secretary of transportation |
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Who's on board TRANSPORT 2 (DOT2)? |
Deputy secretary of transportation |
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Who's on board SAFEAIR 1 (FAA1)? |
FAA administrator |
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Who's on board SAFEAIR 2 (FAA2)? |
Deputy administrator of FAA |
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Department of Energy flights go by what prefix? |
RAC - Romeo Alfa Charlie
*think radio active cargo |
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Aircraft making flight inspections go by ________ _______ and then the digits of their registration number. |
Flight check |
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How do we remember traffic advisories phraseology? |
TOMBTA
Traffic, o'clock, miles, bound (east/west), type, altitude if noted. |
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Traffic advisory example... |
UPS EIGHT ZERO SEVEN, TRAFFIC NINE O'CLOCK, EIGHT MILES, EASTBOUND, ALTITUDE INDICATES FOUR THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED. |
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VOR/VORTAC/TACAN Phraseology example... |
Tulsa three one zero radial |
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Arc phraseology example... |
Two zero mile arc northeast of Tulsa VORTAC. |
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Fix phraseology example... |
Appleton zero five zero radial three seven mile fix |
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Ground to ground communications of the inter phone consist of... |
Override Shout lines Trunk (Party) lines Standard outside dial line |
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What is the order of priority during inter phone coordination? |
1. Emergencies 2. Clearance and control instructions 3. Movement and control messages 4. VFR movement messages |
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What two words can be used to interrupt lower priority messages? |
Emergency Control |
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Action taken to transfer radar identification of an aircraft from one controller to another when the aircraft will enter the receiving controller's airspace AND radio communications will be transferred. |
Handoff |
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A physical of automated action to transfer radar identification of an aircraft from one controller to another if the aircraft may enter the receiving controller's airspace. Radio communication will NOT be transferred. |
Point out |
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Transfer radio communications before an aircraft enters the receiving controller's area of jurisdiction, and AFTER completion of handoff (in a radar environment). |
Transfer of communications |
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How to remember handoff or point out phraseology... |
H/P PIA
- Term "handoff" or "point out"
-Position of target -identification of aircraft -Assigned altitude
And any other info...
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How to remember handoff or point out phraseology... |
H/P PIA
- Term "handoff" or "point out" -Position of target -Identification of aircraft -Assigned altitude
And any other info...
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Handoff phraseology example... |
HANDOFF, ONE FIVE MILES WEST OF RYDER, UNITED ONE FIFTY-FIVE, DESCENDING THROUGH ONE ZERO THOUSAND. |
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The action whereby the responsibility for separation of an aircraft is transferred from one controller to another... |
Transfer of control |
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Four most commonly used methods of coordination are... |
Automated (computer) Interphone SOPs and LOAs Verbal/physical |
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Four-step process of position relief briefing... |
PVAR
-Preview position -Verbal briefing -Assumption of position responsibility -Review |
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Four-step process of position relief briefing... |
PVAR
1. Preview position 2. Verbal briefing 3. Assumption of position responsibility 4. Review |
