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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
natural motion
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In Aristotelian physics, the motion of objects toward their natural places-- fire and air upward and earth and water downward
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violent motion
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In Aristotelian physics, motion other than natural motion. (See natural motion)
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acceleration of gravity
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A measure of the strength of gravity at a planet's surface
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momentum
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The tendency of a moving object to continue moving; mathematically, the product of mass and velocity
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acceleration
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A change in velocity; a change in either speed or direction (See velocity.)
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velocity
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A rate of travel that specifies both speed and direction
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mass
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A measure of the amount of matter making up an object
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inverse square law
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The rule that the strength of an effect (such as gravity) decreases in proportion as the distance squared increases.
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field
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A way of explaining action at a distance; a particle produces a field of influence (gravitational, electric, or magnetic) to which another particle in the field responds.
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angular momentum
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The tendency of a rotating body to continue rotating; mathematically, the product of mass, velocity, and radius.
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circular velocity
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The velocity required to remain in a circular orbit about a body.
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geosynchronous satellite
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An Earth satellite in an eastward orbit whsoe period is 24 hours. A satellite in such an orbit remains above the same spot on Earth's surface.
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center of mass
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The balance point of a body or system of bodies.
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closed orbit
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An orbit that returns to its starting point; a circular or elliptical orbit. (See open orbit)
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escape velocity
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The initial velocity an object needs to escape from the surface of a celestial body.
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open orbit
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An orbit that does not return to its starting point; an escape orbit. (See closed orbit)
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energy
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The capacity of a natural system to perform work-- for example, thermal energy.
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kinetic energy
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Energy of motion; depends on mass and velocity of a moving body.
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