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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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If a material is highly opaque, then it reflects most light. absorbs most light transmits most light. emits most light. scatters most light. |
absorbs most light |
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When light reflects off an object like a mirror, what is the relation between the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection? angle of incidence = angle of reflection angle of incidence + angle of reflection = 90° angle of incidence - angle of reflection = 90° angle of incidence + angle of reflection = 180° It depends on the material that the light reflects off. |
angle of incidence = angle of reflection |
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If a material is transparent, then it emits light well. scatters light well. reflects light well. transmits light well. absorbs light well. |
transmits light well. |
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Grass (that is healthy) looks green because it transmits green light and emits other colors it reflects green light and absorbs other colors. it emits green light and absorbs other colors. it absorbs green light and emits other colors. |
it reflects green light and absorbs other colors.
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The frequency of a wave is equal to the speed of the wave divided by the wavelength of the wave. measured in hertz (Hz). the number of peaks passing by any point each second. measured in cycles per second. all of the above |
all of the above |
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How are wavelength, frequency, and energy related for photons of light? Longer wavelength means lower frequency and lower energy. Longer wavelength means higher frequency and higher energy Longer wavelength means lower frequency and higher energy Longer wavelength means higher frequency and lower energy. There is no simple relationship because different photons travel at different speeds. |
Longer wavelength means lower frequency and lower energy. |
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Suppose you built a scale-model atom in which the nucleus was the size of a tennis ball. About how far would the cloud of electrons extend? several kilometers a few tens of meters several centimeters to the Sun a few meters |
several kilometers |
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Which of the following statements about electrical charge is true? Two negative charges will attract each other. Two positive charges will attract each other A positive charge and a negative charge will attract each other. A positive charge and a negative charge will repel each other. |
A positive charge and a negative charge will attract each other. |
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How much electrical charge does an atom with 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 5 electrons have? a positive charge of +1 a negative charge of -5 a total charge of +17 a positive charge of +7 none of the above |
a positive charge of +1 |
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If you heat a gas so that collisions are continually bumping electrons to higher energy levels, when the electrons fall back to lower energy levels the gas produces an absorption line spectrum. an emission line spectrum. X rays thermal radiation. radio waves. |
an emission line spectrum. |
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Which of the following objects is not a close approximation of a thermal emitter? hot, thin gas a filament in a light bulb you a planet a star |
hot, thin gas |
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When white light passes through a cool cloud of gas, we see visible light. infrared light. thermal radiation. an emission line spectrum. an absorption line spectrum. |
an absorption line spectrum. |
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If one object has a large redshift and another object has a small redshift, what can we conclude about these two objects? The one with the large redshift is hotter and therefore is putting out more radiation The one with the large redshift is moving away from us, and the one with the small redshift is moving toward us. The one with the large redshift is moving away from us faster than the one with the small redshift. The one with the large redshift is moving toward us faster than the one with the small redshift. |
The one with the large redshift is moving away from us faster than the one with the small redshift. |
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The spectra of most galaxies show redshifts. This means that their spectral lines have wavelengths that are longer than normal. always are in the red part of the visible spectrum have normal wavelengths, but absorption of light makes them appear red. have wavelengths that are shorter than normal. have a higher intensity in the red part of the spectrum. |
have wavelengths that are longer than normal. |
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A gas heated to millions of degrees would emit mostly X rays. mostly ultraviolet light. an equal amount of all wavelengths of light. mostly radio waves. no light, because it is too hot |
mostly X rays. |
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Which of the following statements about thermal radiation is always true? A hot object emits more radio waves than a cool object. A hot object emits more total radiation per unit surface area than a cool object. A hot object emits more total radiation than a cool object A hot object emits more X rays than a cool object. A hot object emits less total radiation than a cool object. |
A hot object emits more total radiation per unit surface area than a cool object. |
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An electron-volt is an amount of energy much smaller than a joule. the charge of one electron. an amount of energy much larger than a joule. the energy of one electron. the energy jump between the first and second energy levels of hydrogen. |
an amount of energy much smaller than a joule. |
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How can an electron in an atom lose energy to go from a higher energy level to a lower energy level? It loses gravitational potential energy. It releases a photon equal in energy to its own energy drop. It loses kinetic energy. It absorbs a photon equal in energy to its own energy drop. It exchanges gravitational potential energy for kinetic energy. |
It releases a photon equal in energy to its own energy drop. |
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Without telescopes or other aid, we can look up and see the Moon in the night sky because it glows through radioactive decay. emits visible light. emits thermal radiation. reflects visible light reflects infrared light. |
reflects visible light |
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The loss of an electron from a neutral helium atom results in ionized helium ionized deuterium. neutral deuterium. ionized hydrogen. neutral hydrogen. |
ionized helium |
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When an atom absorbs a photon containing energy, any of the following can happen except which? An electron moves from a lower energy level to an upper one. The atom becomes excited. The atom is ionized An electron moves from an upper energy level to a lower one. |
An electron moves from an upper energy level to a lower one. |
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Sublimation is the process in which electrons are stripped from atoms electrons are captured by ion molecules go from the solid phase to the gas phase. molecules go from the solid phase to the liquid phase. molecules go from the liquid phase to the gas phase. |
molecules go from the solid phase to the gas phase. |
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At extremely high temperatures (e.g., millions of degrees), which of the following best describes the phase of matter? a gas of rapidly moving molecules a plasma consisting of rapidly moving, neutral atoms a gas consisting of individual, neutral atoms, but no molecules a plasma consisting of positively charged ions and free electrons none of the above (At these extremely high temperatures, matter cannot exist. |
a plasma consisting of positively charged ions and free electrons |
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An atom of the element iron has an atomic number of 26 and an atomic weight of 56. If it is neutral, how many protons, neutrons, and electrons does it have? 26 protons, 56 neutrons, 26 electrons 26 protons, 30 neutrons, 26 electrons 13 protons, 43 neutrons, 13 electrons 13 protons, 56 neutrons, 13 electrons 26 protons, 30 neutrons, 30 electrons |
26 protons, 30 neutrons, 26 electrons |
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From shortest to longest wavelength, which of the following correctly orders the different categories of electromagnetic radiation? gamma rays, X rays, ultraviolet, visible light, infrared, radio infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X rays, gamma rays, radio gamma rays, X rays, visible light, ultraviolet, infrared, radio visible light, infrared, X rays, ultraviolet, gamma rays, radio radio, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X rays, gamma rays |
gamma rays, X rays, ultraviolet, visible light, infrared, radio |
