Astronomy Quiz 3

Front 1

moons mass compared to earth's

Back 1

1/80th of the earth's mass

Front 2

moons diameter compared to earth's

Back 2

1/4th of the earth's diameter

Front 3

mercury's mass compared to the moon

Back 3

5xs greater than the moon

Front 4

mercury's mass as a percent compared to earth's

Back 4

5.5%

Front 5

mercury's density compared to earth

Back 5

equal

Front 6

mercury's magnetic field compared to earth's

Back 6

1% (suggests made of different material)

Front 7

mercury's core is mostly

Back 7

iron

Front 8

mercury's magnetic field is weaker b/c of (2things)

Back 8

iron core and slow rotation

Front 9

mercury's rotational period

Back 9

59 days

Front 10

ratio of mercury's rotational and orbital period is

Back 10

2/3

Front 11

planet with the biggest surface temperature variation btw night and day

Back 11

mercury

Front 12

mercury is like the _____ on the inside

Back 12

earth

Front 13

mercury is like the ______ on the outside

Back 13

moon

Front 14

mercury has a large _____ core

Back 14

iron

Front 15

3 surface features of mercury

Back 15

smooth plains (like maria), intercrater plains (70% of surface), and highlands like on moon

Front 16

mercury isn't or is thought to display plate tectonics

Back 16

is not

Front 17

mercury's oldest features

Back 17

the intercrater plains (4.2 billion years old)

Front 18

moon has been inactive for how long

Back 18

3 billion years

Front 19

moon thought to be how old

Back 19

4.6 billion years

Front 20

which is more geologically active: moon or mercury

Back 20

mercury

Front 21

this planet was considered the twin sister of the earth

Back 21

venus

Front 22

mercury's orbit is very

Back 22

elliptical

Front 23

venus' orbit is very

Back 23

circular

Front 24

venus' orbital period

Back 24

225 days

Front 25

planet w/retrograde rotation

Back 25

venus

Front 26

1 venus day =

Back 26

243 earth days

Front 27

how many moons does mercury have

Back 27

0

Front 28

how many moons does venus have

Back 28

0

Front 29

only 2 planets w/retrograde motion

Back 29

venus and uranus

Front 30

venus' radius compared to earth's

Back 30

almost equal

Front 31

venus' density compared to earth's

Back 31

slightly less

Front 32

venus's interior resembles what planet in what ways

Back 32

iron core like earth's

Front 33

venus's magnetic field is....

Back 33

very very weak

Front 34

venus's surface and clouds rotate at different intervals...surface=? clouds=?

Back 34

surface 8 days
clouds 4 days
(means high winds in atmosphere)

Front 35

venus' cloud layer (thickness and composition)

Back 35

50 km thick made of sulfuric acid droplets

Front 36

water in venus' atmosphere...

Back 36

little to no water vapor but could have been water at one time on planet

Front 37

venus' atmosphere composition

Back 37

96% carbon dioxide
4% nitrogen

Front 38

venus' atmosphere pressure compared to earth's surface

Back 38

90x more

Front 39

which is hotter? venus or mercury

Back 39

venus (atmosphere has runaway greenhouse effect)

Front 40

venus' winds are strong where in the atmosphere

Back 40

high in the atmosphere

Front 41

greenhouse gases

Back 41

absorb IR radiation and cause temperatures to raise due to trapped solar energy

Front 42

sublimation

Back 42

carbon dioxide from rocks being released into the atmosphere

Front 43

only probe to land on venus

Back 43

russian venera

Front 44

missions to the moon

Back 44

apollo

Front 45

american probe sent to look at venus

Back 45

magellan

Front 46

venus' surface features

Back 46

like earth: mountains, valleys, rifts, lava flows, canyons

Front 47

tectonic activity on venus

Back 47

appears to be one plate; believed to be behind earth in tectonic activity

Front 48

highest mountain range on venus

Back 48

maxwell montes (bigger than mt. everest by 2km)

Front 49

volcanic activity on venus

Back 49

seems to be recent

Front 50

rifts on earth are from tectonic activity, but venus

Back 50

has one plate

Front 51

venus is relatively smooth from

Back 51

volcanic activity and corrosive elements of the atmosphere

Front 52

the red planet

Back 52

mars

Front 53

mars is also

Back 53

the roman god of war

Front 54

mars' rotational period

Back 54

24 hours and 37 minutes

Front 55

mars' revolution is

Back 55

687 days

Front 56

mars' diameter as compared to earth's

Back 56

1/2 earth's diameter

Front 57

mars' density

Back 57

less than that of earth, mercury, and venus

Front 58

mars seen from earth best when at

Back 58

opposition

Front 59

_/_ of mars is covered by a red hue from

Back 59

3/5 from dust and red rock from the surface

Front 60

mars has proof of "seasons" w/

Back 60

polar ice caps made of dry ice (frozen carbon dioxide) and frozen ice

Front 61

probes sent to mars (2 overall missions w/multiple probes)

Back 61

mariner and viking

Front 62

mariner _ disproved mariner _,_, & _ missions w/these discoveries

Back 62

mariner 9 changed mariner 4,6,7 with huge volcanic cones, huge gorges, sediment at polar caps, and possibly water-formed valleys

Front 63

space probe that most profoundly changed our view of a planet

Back 63

mariner 9 (mars)

Front 64

types of volcanoes on mars

Back 64

shield (like hawaiian islands)

Front 65

biggest martian volcano

Back 65

olympus mons

Front 66

largest earth shield volcano

Back 66

mauna loa

Front 67

why bigger volcanoes on mars?

Back 67

lack of plate tectonics makes lava grow and grow on one spot instead of plates moving and forming strings of volcanoes

Front 68

largest martian canyon

Back 68

Valles Marineris

Front 69

channels on mars from...

Back 69

thought to be from running water and erosion

Front 70

mars' atmosphere

Back 70

thin, but high winds cause sand erosion of surface

Front 71

dust storms correlate to

Back 71

times of maximum solar heating on mars

Front 72

mars' atmosphere composition

Back 72

95% carbon dioxide w/remainder mostly nitrogen

Front 73

water phases on mars

Back 73

directly from solid to water vapor

Front 74

mars' density compared to earth's

Back 74

mars is 1/4 the density of earth

Front 75

mars core

Back 75

iron sulphide; solid core

Front 76

probes to mars

Back 76

viking

Front 77

4 experiments viking did to check life on mars

Back 77

gas metabolism, labeled release, pyrolytic release, & mass spectrometer (first 3 positive but thought not proving life b/c of 4th being negative)

Front 78

new missions to mars

Back 78

pathfinder and the mars global surveyor

Front 79

mars moons

Back 79

2-phobos and deimos (minor satellites)

Front 80

phobos revolves mars in how long

Back 80

7 hours

Front 81

mercury's atmosphere is made of this

Back 81

sodium

Front 82

what planet is a poor reflector (and what is the term for this)

Back 82

mercury, albedo