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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
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Each of the following lists two statements. Which two are the basic premises for the special theory of relativity? 1. The laws of nature are the same for everyone. 2. The speed of light is the same for everyone. 1. Everything is relative. 2. You can never really tell who is moving. 1. You can't go faster than the speed of light. 2. Time is different for different people. 1. The laws of nature are the same for everyone. 2. Everything is relative. 1. The speed of light is the same for everyone. 2. You can't go faster than the speed of light. |
1. The laws of nature are the same for everyone. 2. The speed of light is the same for everyone. |
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Which of the following is not a prediction made by the theory of relativity? No material object sent outward from Earth can reach or exceed the speed of light. Observers in different reference frames may disagree about whether two events in two different places occur simultaneously. Observers in different reference frames may disagree about the time and distance between two events. Observers in different reference frames may disagree about the basic laws of nature. E=mc2 |
Observers in different reference frames may disagree about the basic laws of nature. |
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In relativity, two people share the same frame of reference only if they are not moving relative to each other. they are both located in the same place. they are both located in the same place and are traveling at the same speed. they are both located in the same place and are stationary. they agree on the laws of nature. |
they are not moving relative to each other. |
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Bob is coming toward you at a speed of 75 km/hr. You throw a baseball in his direction at 75 km/hr. What does he see the ball doing? He sees the ball coming at him at 75 km/hr He sees the ball going away from him at 75 km/hr He sees the ball coming at him at 150 km/hr He sees the ball going away from him at 150 km/hr He sees the ball remaining stationary |
He sees the ball coming at him at 150 km/hr. |
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If you see Jackie going to your left at exactly 0.99c and Bob going to your right at exactly 0.99c, Jackie will say that Bob is going away from her at 1.98c. going away from her at exactly 0.99c. going away from her at exactly c. going away from her at about 0.98c. going away from her faster than 0.99c, but slower than c |
going away from her faster than 0.99c, but slower than c. |
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A spaceship is headed toward Alpha Centauri at 0.999c. According to us, the distance to Alpha Centauri is about 4 light-years. How far away is Alpha Centauri according to the travelers in the ship? also about 4 light-years very slightly more than 4 light-years very slightly less than 4 light-years quite a bit less than 4 light-years quite a bit more than 4 light-years |
quite a bit less than 4 light-years |
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A spaceship is moving past us at a speed close to the speed of light. How would we view time (clocks) on the spaceship as it goes by? Time is the same for everyone. Their clocks are going at the same rate as ours. Their clocks are going exactly half as fast as ours. Their clocks are going faster than ours. Their clocks are going slower than ours. |
Their clocks are going slower than ours. |
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If we could measure the mass of the spaceship as it goes by, what would it be? Its mass is infinite. Its mass is greater than its rest mass. Its mass is the same as it would be if it were not moving. Its mass is less than its rest mass. |
Its mass is greater than its rest mass. |
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How would the passengers on the spaceship view out clocks? Time is the same for everyone. Our clocks are going fast. Our clocks are going slow. Our clocks are going at the same rate as theirs. They can't see our clocks, but we can see theirs. |
Our clocks are going slow. |
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How does the explosion of a nuclear bomb provide evidence of the theory of relativity? The bomb causes things in its vicinity to move at very high speeds, allowing scientists to measure effects of time dilation. The mass of the bomb when it explodes is much greater than its normal mass. The bomb shortens the lifetimes of all people who happen to be near it when it detonates. The bomb produces energy in accord with E = mc2, which is part of the theory of relativity. |
The bomb produces energy in accord with E = mc2, which is part of the theory of relativity. |
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A man is moving by you at a speed close to the speed of light. Which of the following correctly summarizes the effects you would notice on his mass, size, and time? His mass would be increased from its value at rest, his length would be decreased from its rest value but only in the direction in which he is moving, and his time would be running slower than yours. His mass would be increased from its value at rest, his length, width, and height would all be decreased no matter what direction he is moving, and his time would be running slower than yours. His mass would be decreased from its value at rest, his length would be decreased from its rest value but only in the direction in which he is moving, and his time would be running slower than yours. His mass would be increased from its value at rest, his size would be increased, and his time would be running slower than yours. |
His mass would be increased from its value at rest, his length would be decreased from its rest value but only in the direction in which he is moving, and his time would be running slower than yours. |
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Why do the predicted consequences of the special theory of relativity seem so strange to most of us? because they are self-contradictory, making it impossible to make any sense of them because they are obvious only at speeds that we never experience in our daily lives because they contradict the well-tested ideas of Newton's laws of motion because they affect only subatomic particles and not big things like people |
because they are obvious only at speeds that we never experience in our daily lives |
