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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the main sequence life time on the sun?
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11 billion years
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How old is the Universe?
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13.7 billion years
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What is the age of the Sun?
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4.5-5 billion years
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what are the units required for Kepler's 3rd law?
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years, Au's, and solar masses
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Relating to the Radial Velocity Curve, what is a red shift? a blue shift?
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shift towards long wavelengths, shift towards short wavelengths
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what are the 3 types of extrasolar planets?
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hot jupiters, eccentric giants, long period/low eccentricity giants
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what is a parsec? an arcsec?
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unit of distance used in the parallax formula, unit of angle measurement for parallax
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what unit is flux in?
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watts/m^2
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what unit is luminosity in?
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joules/seconds
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what kind of spectra is merely a rainbow of colors with no lines
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continuum
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what kind of spectra has a rainbow background with black lines?
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absorption spectra
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what kind of spectra has a black background with colored lines?
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emission spectra
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what is on the x axis of a HR diagram?
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temperature (increases right to left) and spectral type
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what is on the y axis of a HR diagram?
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luminosity and magnitude
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how is the lifetime of stars represented on a HR diagram
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decreases right to left (bright/hot stars die young), density also decreases right to left
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what characteristic defines a main sequence star?
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all produce energy through the nuclear fusion of H-->He in their cores
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what is the 'hydrostatic balance'?
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balance of gravity and outward-pushing pressure force in the sun, [reason why the sun doesn't collapse under it's gravitational force]
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what is the kelvin-helmholtz-contraction?
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as a star shrinks, 50% of the gravitational potential energy is turned into increasing the star's temp, 50% is being radiated away
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how does the sun primarily get it's energy?
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through the nuclear fusion of H-->He in it's core
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how is energy produced in the sun's core transported to it's surface?
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through the process of convection and/or radiation
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how hot is the Sun's surface temperature? Core temp?
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5800 K, 15 million K
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what are 2 qualities of degenerate matter?
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(1) any added material will make the object shrink. (2) temperature and pressure are not related
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what are the 2 most abundant elements in the universe?
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(1) Hydrogen, (2) Helium
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where can we observe stellar-mass black holes? super massive B.H.s?
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binary systems, centers of galaxies
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true or false: all electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed?
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true!
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In relation to the HR diagram; how can red supergiants have the same luminosity as blue supergiants but a much lower temperature?
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the are significantly larger in size/mass
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what is THE COOLEST acronym for OBAFGKM? also what is OBAFGKM exactly?
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O, Brother A Fat Girl Kicked Me, the spectral classification of stars
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