Astronomy Exam 3 (Ch.7-Ch.10) [Ucf: Ast2002]

Front 1

_________ _______ refers to the inner planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars).

Back 1

Terrestrial Planets

Hint 1

- Iron Oxide (FeO) Concentration

Front 2

_________ ________ refers to the outer planets (Jupiter, Saturan, Uranus, Neptune).

Back 2

Jovian Planets

Front 3

___________ Planets:

- are Rocky

- have surfaces

Back 3

Terrestrial

Front 4

__________ Planets:

- contain Ammonia

- contain Methane

Back 4

Jovian

Front 5

___________ Planets:

- contain silicon

- contain nickel

Back 5

Terrestrial

Front 6

Terrestrial Planets are [dense/not dense] because they contain heavy traces of the element ______.

Back 6

Dense, Iron

Front 7

Jovian Planets have [low/high] density because they contain low elements of __________ and ________.

Back 7

Low, Hydrogen & Helium

Front 8

Saturn has such a low density it can float on water.

[True/False]

Back 8

True

Front 9

Order of the contents of Jovian Planets from innermost to outermost.

1. Gaseous Atmosphere

2. Liquid Molecular Hydrogen

3. Liquid Metallic Hydrogen

4. Ices (H2O, CH4, NH3)

5. Silicate Rocks & Metals

Back 9

5,4,3,2,1

Hint 9

Front 10

Which two terrestrial planets do not have moons?

Back 10

Mercury and Venus

Front 11

How many moons does Mars have and what are their names?

Back 11

2: Phobos & Deimos

Front 12

How many moons does Jupiter have?

Back 12

63

Front 13

How many moons does Saturn have?

Back 13

61

Front 14

How many moons does Uranus have?

Back 14

27

Front 15

How many moons does Neptune have?

Back 15

13

Front 16

Which planet has the Galilean Moons?

Back 16

Jupiter

Front 17

What are the names of the 4 Galilean Moons?

Back 17

- Io

- Europa

- Ganymede

- Callisto

Front 18

Which planet has the moons Titan and Enceladus?

Back 18

Saturn

Front 19

Which planet has the moon Triton?

Back 19

Neptune

Front 20

In Summer, Mercury, can reach temperatures of _____________?

Back 20

801 F

Hint 20

in Fahrenheit

Front 21

In Winter, Mercury, can reach temperatures of _________?

Back 21

-174 F

Hint 21

in Fahrenheit

Front 22

In Summer, Mars, can reach temperatures of ________?

Back 22

63 F

Hint 22

in Fahrenheit

Front 23

In Winter, Mars, can reach temperatures of __________ at head level and __________ at feet level. [This is due to Mars having an atmosphere half of earth's.]

Back 23

-17 F (at head), 80 F (at feet)

Hint 23

in Fahrenheit

Front 24

Venus is hotter than Mercury because it has a higher concentration of ___________ in its atmosphere.

Back 24

Carbon Dioxide

Front 25

All of the Jovian Planets have strong storms and winds.

[True/False]

Back 25

True

Front 26

Each Jovian Planet has different cloud layers that determine the freezing points of different _____________ compounds.

Back 26

Hydrogen

Front 27

The average temperature of Jovian Planets is ________.

Back 27

- 234 F

Hint 27

in Fahrenheit

Front 28

Why is earth geologically active?

Back 28

Internal heat that causes Convection keeping Earth's lithosphere thin.

Front 29

What are the 4 processes that shape Earth's surfaces? Describe them.

Back 29

1) Impact Cratering

2) Volcanism (oceans & atm. by volcanic outgassing)

3) Erosion (by ice, water & wind)

4) Tectonics (plate tectonics -lithosphere/crust)

Front 30

How does Earth's atmosphere affect the planet?

Back 30

1. Protects the surface from harmful solar radiation (by absorbing UV in ozone and X-Ray in higher atm.)

2. Greenhouse Effect (keeps temperature from being cold)

Front 31

What type of geological activity occurred on the Moon?

Back 31

Volcanism & Tectonics

Front 32

What type of geological activity occurred on Mercury?

Back 32

Volcanism & Tectonics

Front 33

What type of geological activity occurred on Mars ?

Back 33

Erosion

Dry riverbeds and eroded craters show there was once water on Mars. It still has ice trapped under its surface.

Front 34

Why did Mars change?

Back 34

- Solar wind hit Mars after magnetic field lost.

- Loss of Atmospheric Gas

- Decrease in Greenhouse Effect

- Weaker Thinner Atmosphere

- Lost water due to Solar UV light split H20 releasing the hydrogen into space

Front 35

What type of geological activity occurred on Venus?

Back 35

Volcanic or Tectonic

Front 36

How does geological activity differ on Venus than on Earth?

Back 36

- Lack of Erosion

- Lack of Plate Tectonics

Front 37

Why is Venus so hot?

Back 37

- thick Carbon Dioxide atmosphere

- Strong Greenhouse Effect

- Distance from the Sun

- Carbonate Rock (CO2 filled)

- Runaway Greenhouse Effect

Front 38

What features, unique to Earth, are important to life?

Back 38

- Surface liquid Water (by mod. temp.)

- Atmospheric Oxygen (product of photosynthetic life)

- Plate Tectonics (by int. heat)

- Climate Stability (by CO2 cycle)

- CO2 cycle by plate tectonics

Front 39

How is human activity changing our planet?

Back 39

- Global Temp. rose by 0.8 C in past 100 years

- Larger rise of CO2 due to fossil fuel burning

- Global Warming

Front 40

What makes a planet habitable?

Back 40

- Relatively Large Size

- int. heat & volcanic outgassing regulated

- regulates climate (co2 cycle)

- Distance from the Sun

- allows h2o to exist

Front 41

Which planet rotates backwards?

Back 41

Venus

Front 42

How does a planet move a star?

Back 42

the planet's gravity tugs on the star

Front 43

What are Jovian Planets made of?

Back 43

- Jupiter and Saturn => He & H

- Uranus and Neptune => H & other metals and rocks

Front 44

What are Jovian Planets like on the inside?

Back 44

- Very high Internal Temperatures

- Core is about 10x the size of Earth

Front 45

What is the weather like on Jovian Planets?

Back 45

- multiple cloud layers

- fast winds

- large storms

Front 46

Why is Io geologically active?

Back 46

- the most volcanically active world

- Due to internal heating by Tidal Heating

- Io's orbit is made elliptical by orbital resonance

Front 47

Why are Jupiter's moons, Europa and possibly Ganymede) geologically active?

Back 47

- deep, liquid water ocean under icy crust

- due to Tidal heating

Front 48

Describe Castillo's geological activity?

Back 48

- Least Geo. Activity of the Galilean moons

- no tidal heating

- no orbital resonance

Front 49

What geological activity occurs on Titan?

Back 49

- Thick Atmosphere (Nitrogen)

- Erosion caused by Methane Rain

- second biggest moon

Front 50

What geological activity occurs on Enceladus?

Back 50

- fountains of ice and water vapor shooting out of the surface

Front 51

Why do the Jovian Planets have rings?

Back 51

Rings come from the dismantling of small moons formed in the disks of gas that surrounded the planets billions of years ago.

Front 52

Why is there an Asteroid Belt?

Back 52

Orbital resonances with Jupiter disrupted the orbits of planetesimals in the asteroid belt, preventing them from accreting into a terrestrial planet.

Front 53

Most meteorites are pieces of asteroids.

[True/False]

Back 53

True

Front 54

_________ Meteorites are those that went enchanted since the birth of our solar system.

Back 54

Primitive

Front 55

______________ Meteorites, made from larger pieces of asteroids, are those underwent change.

Back 55

Processed