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39 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
AXIS 1: DSM-IV-TR
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clinical syndromes, Pervasive Developmental Disorder, Learning Disorder, Motor Skills Disorders, Communication Disorders, other disorders that may focus of clinical treatment
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AXIS II: DSM-IV-TR
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Personality Disorder
Mental Retardation |
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AXIS III: DSM-IV-TR
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General Medical Conditions
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AXIS IV: DSM-IV-TR
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Psychosocial and Environmental problems/stressors. Takes into account the environment of the individual.
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AXIS V: DSM-IV-TR
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Global Assessment of Functioning
(1= minimal functioning to 100=highest level of functioning |
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Borderline Intellectual Functioning
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IO 71 - 84
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Mental Retardation
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Mild - IQ 55-70 considered educable
Moderate - 35-55 considered trainable severe - 20-40 institutionalized Profound - IQ below 20 generally total care. |
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Autistic Disorder
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SW Treatment: generally behavioral in nature. severe form, onset in infancy or childhood; self-stimulating, self-injuring behaviors often present; poor prognosis; 2/3 of Autistic individuals are MR/moderate range;
3x more common in male than females. |
hereditary factor, facilitative communication is used; development not related to parenting style.
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Learning Disability
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SW Treatment: generally behavioral in nature.
Etiology: uncertain significant difficulties in acquisition of listening, speaking, reading, writing, reason, and math; significant delay in skill level (+2 standard deviations below for years of age); generally noted between ages 8-13; more common in males than females; continues into adulthood; behavior is characteristic of an earlier state of development. |
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ADHD
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Treatment: evaluate by neurologist/physician; medication; help families at home; help teachers at school; may need academic "catch up"; allow more time to complete tasks; address self-esteem issues in counseling; behavioral & cognitive techniques; Etiology: unknown, hereditary link; not intellectual deficits. Symptoms required in tow or more settings.
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Conduct Disorder
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Treatment: Behaviors - identification of BC's (behaviors and consequences): Family treatment required reinforce BC's;
symptoms; 4 groups - 1. aggression to people and animals, 2 - destruction of property, 3- deceitfulness or theft, 4-serious violations of rules. |
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Oppositional Defiant Disorder
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*similar to conduct disorder bu not nearly as severe. Does not repeatedly violate the rights of others.
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Enuresis
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Elimination of urine during the day and night. Must not be due to a physical disorder and always refer for a physical exam.
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Encopresis
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Repeated elimination of feces in inappropriate places, including constipation. Must not be due to a physical disorder and always refer for a physical exam.
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Separation Anxiety Disorder
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Excessive anxiety over separation from home and whom attached. Must last 4 weeks and begin before age 18. Use early onset if before age 6.
-fear of separation from caretaker. Stranger Anxiety occurs in infancy, approximately 8 months. |
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Delirium and Dementia
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Delirium - abrupt onset of symptoms that fluctuate, "clouded sensorium."
Dementia - relatively stable symptoms that do not fluctuate, no clouded sensorium, long duration, must have disturbance in occupational & social functioning, characterized by multiple cognitive deficits. Diagnose - psychometric and other mental status testing, measurement of activities on a daily living skills, & radiological techniques. |
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Assessment/Intervention with Dementia
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1. Measure Memory Psychometric - "Recent vs. Remote:" short portable mental status questionnaire.
2. Measure Judgement Ability - often first sign families notice, use a Family Questionnaire. 3. Understand Orientation to Person (oriented x1), Place (oriented x2), and time (oriented x3) plus Spatial or Situational Orientation for utilization in treatment. |
4. Look at Affect - Depression vs. Dementia.
5. Monitor Intelligence and Cognition Ability (confabulation) - use the clock test. 6. Use of the technique "Reality Orientation & Validation Therapy" |
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Types of Dementia
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Alzheimer's - abnormal nerve cells containing tangles & fibers and clusters of degenerating nerve endings (neuritic plaque).
Vascular Dementia - small repeated strokes in the brain. |
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HIV Disease and AIDS
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HIV - virus
AIDS - disease -approx 12 weeks after infection an individual can have a positive test. -can be transmitted very soon after infection, so individual may not know they were infected. -Normal "t cell" count can vary from 400 - 1700. -T cell falls below 200 the diagnosis of AIDS is made. -Newborns takes approx 18 months to be sure whether or not baby is infected. -Pregnant women given AZT seem to have less change of their baby acquiring positive HIV status. -all medication, particularly AZT, can be given as a precautionary measure if someone suspects infection (ie, needle stick). |
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Substance Use Disorder Types
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Substance Abuse
Substance Dependence Substance Intoxication Substance Withdrawal |
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Substance Abuse
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Viewed as less severe, continue use knowing it is causing harm. Does not apply to caffeine and nicotine.
Treatment: counseling, rehab, support groups. |
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Substance Dependence
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Taking larger amounts with unsuccessful attempts to quit.
Treatment: counseling, rehab, support groups. |
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Substance Intoxication
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Development of substance specific (reversible) syndrome, condition related to recent ingestion of psychoactive substance.
Treatment: counseling, rehab, support groups. |
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Substance Withdrawal
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Body is physically dependent on the substance. Generally associated with either intoxication, abuse or dependence; types include: alcohol, barbiturates, opiates, amphetamines, cannabis, cocaine, PCP, hallucinogens, nicotine, and inhalants.
Treatment: counseling, rehab, support groups. |
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Schizophrenic Disorder
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Criteria for diagnosis include characteristic psychotic symptoms.
The A's associated with the diagnosis: -Associative Disturbances -Autism -Alogia -Affective Disturbances -Ambivalence Avolition |
Primary symptoms: delusions and hallucinations.
Treatment: anti-psychotic medication most common treatment, psychodynamic, behavioral and social learning, family therapy, community-based treatments (ie - half-way houses). |
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Mood Disorder
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Disturbance in mood that disrupts many areas of an individual's function.
Treatment: medication - antidepressants, Lithium carbonate for mania, anti-anxiety for anxiousness, ECT used for depression. |
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Bipolar I Disorder
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One or more manic episodes, usually with a history of depressive episodes.
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Bipolar II Disorder
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One or more depressive with at least one hypomanic episode.
*manic-depressive no longer used. |
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Depression Disorders
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Presence of one or more depressive episodes with out history of manic or hypomanic episodes.
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Anxiety Disorder
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An unpleasant state characterized by subjective feelings of worry, apprehension, cognitive difficulties concentrating, behavioral restlessness, irritability, insomnia,somatic sweat, shortness of breath, etc.
Presentation in Anxiety: anxious clients present to PCP first; few say problem is anxiety and/or nervous problems; many present with physical and/or mental symptoms; somatic symptoms of anxiety are similar to those of organic disease. look for two or more organic symptoms that are generally unrelated; remember that anxiety causes somatic symptoms and visa-versa. |
Treatment: Medication, counseling, stop stimulants, medical exam/physical must be completed;
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Addressing Suicidal Behavior
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Ask direct questions.
**Clients are most likely to attempt suicide when they begin to feel better, not when they are in a deep depression. -a "no" suicide agreement is an important step for the social worker to document and implement whenever suicide potential is suspected. -ideation and intent. if clear, the worker should immediately recommend/seek in-patient hospitalization and document this. |
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Differences between the sexes
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Men: physical sex is the avenue towards emotional intimacy.
Women: Emotional intimacy is the avenue towards physical sex. |
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Similarities between the sexes
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-Both sexes fear intimacy, with the greatest fear of most individuals as "being left alone."
-Both sexes deem "good looks" as important in establishing and maintaining intimacy. |
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Anorexia Nervosa
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-Intense fear of gaining weight.
-usually underweight -disturbance in body image -wont eat -over exercise -Amenorrhea -refusal to maintain minimum normal body weight -Resistance to treatment with strong denial -can die from starvation -one half of all anorexics are bulimics -common co-conditions: substance abuse and depression Treatment: get them to gain weight, behavioral rewards contingent on eating strong family/genetic link. |
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Bulimia Nervosa
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-Episodes of binge eating (recurring)
-self-induced vomiting with laxatives -diuretics or fasting -sense of lack of control during eating binges -chronic concern with body weight and shape -2 binges per week for 3 months. Treatment: group confrontation **individuals are generally of normal weight. |
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Cluster A (odd/eccentric behavior) Personality Disorder
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Paranoid Personality Disorder
Schizoid Personality Disorder Schizotypal Personality Disorder |
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Cluster B (dramatic/emotional/erratic behavior) Personality Disorder
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Antisocial Personality Disorder (psycho/sociopath)
Borderline Personality Disorder (instability of self) Narcissistic (grandiose sense of self-importance) Histrionic Personality Disorder (overly dramatic behavior) |
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Cluster C (fearful/anxious behavior) Personality Disorder
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Avoidant Personality Disorder (pattern of social discomfort)
Dependent Personality Disorder (dependent submissive) Obsessiveness Compulsive Personality Disorder (perfectionism and inflexibility) |
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Malingering
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-Voluntary produce symptoms in presence of exaggerated voluntary physical symptoms *there is an obvious recognizable goal
-Occupational Problem, parent-child problem, interpersonal problem, marital problem, family circumstances, noncompliance with medical treatment, bereavement, phase of life problem. |
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