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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the sacral promontory
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Superior anterior portion of sacrum
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What is the sacral hiatus
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An opening at the most inferior portion of the sacrum
Represents failure of S5 laminal closure |
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Where do you give a sacral epidural nerve block (caudal analgesia)
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In the sacral hiatus
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What are the sacral cornua
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Inferior articular processes S5, project inferiorly bilaterally on each side of sacral hiatus
**Guide pts for sacral anesthesia |
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When does the pelvic bones ossify and fuse completely
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By 20 yo
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Which ligament divides the greater and lesser sciatic foramen
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Sacrospinous ligament
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What ligaments in the pelvis are the 1st to become symptomatic with SD
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Iliolumbar ligaments
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What muscles make up the pelvic diaphragm
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Levator ani (puborectalis, pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus)
Coccygeus muscle |
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Origen and insertion Piriformis m.
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Inferior anterior aspect sacrum
Greater trochanter |
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Function of the piriformis m.
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External rotation
Extend thigh Abd thigh when hips is F |
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Piriformis is innervated by
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S1 & S2
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Iliopsoas origen & insertion
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Psoas - T12-L5 & lesser trochanter
Iliacus - Iliac crest, fossa, sacral ala, anterior SI ligament & Inferior to the lesser trochanter |
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Innervation
-Psoas -Iliacus |
P - L1-3
I - L2 & L3 (femoral n.) |
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Lumbar plexus: levels, m innervation, sensory
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T12-L4
Innervates abd & thigh m (iliopsoas, quads, add grp, sartorius, gracilis) Sesory to thigh, buttock, lower abd, pubic area |
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Sacral plexus: levels, m. innervation, sensory
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L4-5, S1-3 and some S4
Motor & sensory to pelvis & LE PSNS - L colon & pelvic organs |
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Sciatic nerve
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L4-5
via greater sciatric notch below piriformis |
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What lumbar SD can be caused by a F contracture of Iliopsoas
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L1 or L2
F, SB & R same side as contracture |
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Inherent motion of the sacrum
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Axis through S2
Cranial E = sacral F (nutate) |
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Respiratory motion of the sacrum
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Axis through S2
Inhalation = sacral E |
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Postural motion of the sacrum
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F of torso = sacral base posterior (E)
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Dynamic motion of sacrum
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Ambulation
Step forward with foot 1 = oblique axis on side of foot 2 (axis engaged on side of wt bearing) |
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L5 rotation = ____sacrum
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opposite rotation
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L5 SB = _____ sacrum
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Engages ipsilateral sacral oblique axis
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Standing flexion tests for?
Seated flexion tests for? |
Innominate
Sacrum LE Seated (NO LE testing) |
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If pt has good spring in sacrum, what does that mean for the spring test
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Negative
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ASIS compression test, tests for
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Sacrum
Innominate Pubic symphysis |
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S/S anterior innominate rotation
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Hamstring tightness, sciatica (d/t piriformis)
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S/S posterior innominate rotation
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Groin pain and/or medial knee pain (d/t sartorius)
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S/S superior innominate shear
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Pelvic pain or contralateral SI joint pain and/or low back pain
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S/S inferior innominate shear
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Pelvic pain or contralateral SI joint pain
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S/S Superior pubic shear
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Tender inguinal area w or w/o dysuria or frequency
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S/S inferior pubic shear
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Pelvic or SI joint pain
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S/S innominate inflare
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Dysuria and/or freq (sometimes)
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S/S innominate outflare
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Pelvic or SI joint pain
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What does anterior sacrum mean
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Sacrum is F and SB opposite of R
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What does posterior sacrum mean
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Sacrum is E and SB opposite of R
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S/S bilateral sacral F
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Low back pain that worsens w/ backward bending
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Who is prone to bilateral sacral F
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Postpartum Females
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S/S Bilateral sacral E
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Low back pain that worsens w/ forward bending
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