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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Etiology
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The science and study of the causes of disease
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Pathology
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The cause of an injury, its development, and functional changes due to the injury process
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Observation
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Visual analysis of overall appearance, symmetry, general motor function, posture, and gait
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Inspection
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Refers to factors seen at the actual injury site, such as redness, swelling, bruising, cuts, or scars
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Syndrome
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An accumulation of signs and symptoms associated with a particular injury or disease
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Atrophy
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A wasting away or deterioration of tissue
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Hypertrophy
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Increase in general bulk or size of an individual tissue, such as a muscle
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Ecchymosis
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Bruise; discoloration of the skin due to subcutaneous bleeding
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Effusion
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The escape of fluid from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissues or joint cavity
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Dermatome
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Area of skin supplied by the cutaneous branches of each spinal nerve
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Myotome
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A group of muscles primarily innervated by a single nerve root
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Nerve root
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The portion of a nerve associated with its origin in the spinal cord, such as C3 or L5
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Proprioceptors
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Specialized deep sensory nerve cells in joints, ligaments, muscles, and tendons sensitive to stretch, tension, and pressure that is responsible for position and movement
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Muscle spindle
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Encapsulated receptor found in muscle tissue sensitive to stretch
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Anesthesia
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Loss of sensation
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Hypesthesia
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Excessive tactile sensation
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Patestheisa
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Abnormal sensation, such as numbness, tingling, or burning
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Paresis
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Partial paralysis of a muscle leading to a weakened contraction
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Referred pain
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Pain felt in a region of the body other than where the source or actual cause of the pain is located
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Somatic pain
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Pain originating in the skin, ligaments, muscles, bones, or joints
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Visceral pain
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Pain resulting from injury or disease to an organ in the thoracic or abdominal cavity
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Goniometer
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Protractor used to measure joint position and available joint motion
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End feel
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the sensation felt in the joint as it reaches the end of the available ROM
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Anatomical position
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Standardized position with the body erect, facing forward, with the arms at the sides and palms facing forward
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Active movement
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Joint motion performed voluntarily by the individual through muscular contractions
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Passive movement
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A limb or body part is moved though the ROM with no assistance from the individual
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Accessory movement
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Movements within a joint that cannot be voluntarily performed by the individual
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Static position
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Stationary position in which no motion occurs
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Closed packed position
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Most stable joint position in which the two joints surfaces fit percisely together and supporting ligaments and capsule are maximally taut
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Loose packed position
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Resting position where the joint is under the least amount of strain
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Appendicular segment
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Relates to the extremities of the boy including the arms and legs
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Axial segment
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Central part of the body including the head and trunk
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Antalgic gait
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Walking with a limp
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Indication
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A condition that could benefit from a specific action
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Contraindication
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A condition adversely affected by a specific action
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Modalities
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Therapeutic physical agents that promote optimal healing, such as thermotherapy, cryotherapy, electrotherapy, or manual therapy
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Diagnosis
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Definitive determination of the nature of the injury or illness made only by physicians
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Prognosis
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Probable course or progress of an injury or disease
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Sequela
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A condition that may follow as a consequence of an injury or disease
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Painful Arc
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Pain located within a limited number of degrees in the ROM
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Valgus
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Denoting a deformity in which the distal body part angulates away from the middle of the body
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Varus
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Denoting a deformity in which the distal body part angulates toward the midline of the body
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