As357 Test 2

Front 1

What is the purpose of the atmosphere?

Back 1

to support life, protect from EMR, thermal protection

Front 2

What is the general composition of our atmosphere?

Back 2

78% nitrogen
21% oxygen
Others

Front 3

In what range is the greatest pressure differential?

Back 3

Between SL and 5000 ft

Front 4

What gases are relevant to a pilot?

Back 4

Oxygen, nitrogen, CO2

Front 5

Describe the troposphere

Back 5

Ground to 30-60,000 ft
thickest part
standard lapse rate
water vapor

Front 6

Describe the stratosphere

Back 6

Above troposphere
Uniform temp around -55C
absence of water vapor

Front 7

What is the ionosphere?

Back 7

The ozone layer that protects earth from EMR

Front 8

What is EMR?

Back 8

Electromagnetic Radiation - energy emitted from heat producing bodies, measured in wavelength

Front 9

What is ionizing radiation?

Back 9

An atom or molecule that loses an electron or is modified
Ex: Cosmic and gamma radiation from space

Front 10

Describe the 3 types of UV Radiation

Back 10

UVA: Aging, long term
UVB: Sunburn
UVC: doesn't reach earth

Front 11

Describe O3 (Ozone)

Back 11

unstable pale blue gas pungent odor,
formed by O2 and electrical charge, or hydrocarbons and NO reaction with sunlight

Front 12

Where is the physiological "efficient" zone?

Back 12

SL to 10,000 ft

Front 13

Where is the physiological "deficient" zone?

Back 13

10,000 to 50,000 ft

Front 14

What is the third type of physiological zone?

Back 14

Space Equivalent: Above 50,000

Front 15

What is Boyles Law (in science and plain english)?

Back 15

Volume of gas is inversely proportional to pressure,

So, if outside pressure gets less than inside pressure, the inside pressure gets bigger (Think balloon)

Front 16

What is Charles Law?

Back 16

The volume of gas is directly proportional to it's temperature (think expanding and cooling, etc)

Front 17

What is Dalton's Law?

Back 17

The total pressure of a mixture of gas is = to sum of the individual partial pressures

Front 18

What is Henry's Law?

Back 18

Amount of gas in solution varies directly with partial pressure of that gas over the solution

Front 19

What is Graham's Law?

Back 19

Gas tends to move from region of higher pressure and will pass across permeable membrane to region of lower pressure

Front 20

What is hypemic hypoxia?

Back 20

It is when the circulatory system can't assimilate or transfer O2

Front 21

What is hypoxic hypoxia?

Back 21

lack of O2 in blood stream

Front 22

What is histotoxic hypoxia?

Back 22

Cells, tissues or organs can't use O2

Front 23

What are the 4 stages of hypoxia?

Back 23

Indifference, Compensation, Disturbance, Critical

Front 24

What is hyperventilation?

Back 24

state of breathing too rapidly or deeply: reducing CO2 level in blood

Front 25

Can hypoxia cause hyperventilation?

Back 25

Yes

Front 26

What are some sources of carbon monoxide?

Back 26

Combustion, home theaters, heating, smoke

Front 27

What are 3 symptoms of CO poisoning?

Back 27

Headache, weakness, tremors, death, nausea

Front 28

What are the four areas for trapped gases?

Back 28

Middle Ear, Sinuses, GI Tract, Teeth

Front 29

What is the threshold altitude for DCS?

Back 29

18,000 feet

Front 30

What are the two types of DCS?

Back 30

DCS I - musculoskeletal and joints
DCS II - chokes pulmonary

Front 31

What is the FAR for O2 requirements?

Back 31

91.211

Front 32

What are the two types of oxygen bottles and pressures?

Back 32

High pressure - Green - 1800-2200 psi
Low pressure - yellow - 400-450 psi

Front 33

What are two airline examples from rapid decompression?

Back 33

United 811 and Aloha 243