Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
CARBOHYDRATES Examples of polymers include.. Examples of monomers include.. All carbohydrates include.. The monomers carbohydrates are made from are.. The two types of glucose are.. They are special because.. The difference between the two molecules are.. A condensation reaction is when.. How are monosaccharides joined? What type of bond is formed when a molecule of water is released? How is a disaccharide formed? |
Most carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids. Monosaccharides, amino acids and nucleotides. C, H and O. Monosaccharides. Alpha and beta glucose. Because they are isomers of one another the have the same molecular formula but the atoms are attached in a different way. The two types of glucose have the H and OH groups reversed. Two molecules join together with the formation of a new chemical bond, a water molecule is released when the bond is formed. By condensation reactions. A glycosidic bond. When two monosaccharides join together. |
|
|
When showing a condensation reaction the products are.. How is sucrose, lactose formed? Polymers can be broken down by.. A hydrolysis reaction is.. Sugars are either.. Examples of reducing sugars are.. For reducing sugars, the test you undergo is.. It can be performed via.. If the test is positive... The colour of the precipitate changes from.. The higher the concentration of reducing sugar.. This change can be used to.. However a more accurate way would be to.. |
The disaccharides and the water molecule. Sucrose is formed via the condensation between a glucose molecule and fructose molecule. A glucose molecule and a galactose molecule. Can be broken down into polymers. A reaction in which breaks the chemical bond between monomers using a water molecule. All monosaccharides and some disaccharides including maltose and lactose. Reducing or non reducing. The benedicts test. Adding benedicts reagent to a sample and heat it in a water bath that has been brought to the boil. It will form a coloured precipitate. blue > green > yellow > orange > brick red. The further the further the colour change goes. Compare the amount of reducing sugar in different solutions. Filter the solution and weigh the precipitate. |
|
|
However if the result of this test is negative.. To test for non reducing sugars you first have to.. You do this by.. If the test is positive.. If the test is negative.. Polysaccharides are.. Plants store excess glucose as.. Starch has two types.. Describe the structure, bonding and function of the two types of starch. Starch is good for storage because.. |
There could still be a non reducing sugar present. You have to first break the disaccharides into monosaccharides. Getting anew sample of the test solution, adding dilute HCl and carefully heating in a water bath that has been brough to the boil. You then neutralise it with sodium hydrogen carbonate and then just carry out the benedict's test as you normally would. It will form a coloured precipitate. It will remain blue which means that it does not contain any sugar. When more than two monosaccharides are joined by condensation reactions. Starch. Both alpha glucose - amylose and amylopectin. Amylose - a long, unbranched chain of a-glucose. The angles of the glycosidic bonds give it a coiled structure. It makes it compact so its really good for storage because you can fit more in to a small space. Amylopectin - a long, branched chain of a-glucose. Its side branches allow the enzymes that break down the molecule to get at the glycosidic bonds easily. This means that the glucose can be released quickly. It is insoluble in water and doesn't affect the water potential, this means that it doesn't cause water to enter cells by osmosis, which would make them swell. |
|
|
The test for starch is.. If there is any starch present.. Glycogen is the main energy storage molecule in.. Describe the structure of glycogen.. How is cellulose different.. It is made of.. Describe the structure, function and bonding.. |
Adding iodine dissolved in potassium iodide solution to test sample. The sample changes from browny-orange to a dark, blue-black colour. Animals. It's structure is very similar to amylopectin except that it has loads more side branches coming off it. Loads of branches means that stored glucose can be released quickly, which is important for energy release in animals. It is also a very compact molecule so is good for storage. It is made from beta glucose. Long unbranched chains. When beta molecules bond they form straight chains. The cellulose fibres are joined by hydrogen bonds to form strong fibres called microfibrils. The strong fibres mean cellulose provides structural support for cells. |
|
|
A condensation reaction? A hydrolysis reaction? What is glucose If the substance that you want to test is a solid? Excess of benedicts? How are the samples heated? Why else is starch a good storage molecule? |
Removes one molecule of water Adds a molecule of water Glucose is a hexose sugar. You may have to prepare a solution of it before testing and this can be done by first crushing the solid with water and then filtering out the solid. To ensure that all the sugar reacts. In a boiling water bath. Because it is large and so it can't leave the cell. |
