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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cella
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The inner chamber of a temple in which the deity's cult statue was displayed
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Peripteral Colonnade
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A series or row of columns on all sides
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Doric
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One of the two systems, or orders, of Greek architecture. The Doric order is characterized by, among other features, capitals with funnel-shaped echinuses, columns without bases, and a frieze of triglyphs and metopes
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Ionic
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One of the two systems, or orders, of Greek architecture. The Ionic order is characterized by, among other features, volute capitals, columns with bases, and an uninterrupted frieze
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Corinthian
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A form of Greek architecture, characterized by slender fluted columns and elaborate capitals decorated with acanthus leaves and scrolls.
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Tuscan
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in the Tuscan order the column had a simpler base with a simple torus and collar, and the column was unfluted, while both capital and entablature were without adornments. the modular proportion of the column was 1:6
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Capital
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The ornamental top of a column
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Abacus
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The uppermost portion of the capital of a column
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Echinus
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the convex element of a capital directly below the abacus
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volute
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the scroll-like spiral part of an Ionic capital
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shaft
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the cylindrical main section of a column between the capital and the base
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base
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the molded bottom of a column
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frieze
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the part of the entablature between the architrave and the roof. In the Doric order, the frieze is subdivided into triglyphs and metopes. In the ionic order, the frieze is left open to provide a continuous field for relief sculpture. Also, any sculptured or painted band on the building
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triglyph
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A triple projecting, grooved member of a Doric frieze that alternates with metopes
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metope
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The square panel between two triglyphs in a Doric frieze
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contrapposto
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The disposition of the human figure in which one part is turned in opposition to another (usually hips and legs one way, shoulders and chest another), creating a counter positioning of the body about its central axis. Often called "weight shift" because the weight of the body tends to be thrown to one foot, creating tension on one side and relaxation on the other. Characteristic of Classical Greek statuary
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necropolis
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A cemetery or "city of the dead"
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sarcophagus
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A coffin, usually of stone
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tufa
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a variety of limestone
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travertine
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a form of limestone deposited by hot springs
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stucco
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made of lime, sand, and used as decorative coating for walls and ceilings and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture
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ashlar masonry
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Carefully cut and regularly shaped blocks of stone used in construction, fitted together without mortar
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header (lintel?)
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A beam used to span an opening
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opus incertum
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An early type of Roman concrete, characterized by a facing of irregularly shaped stones
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tholos
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A temple with a circular plan
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pseudoperipteral
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Having engaged columns on the sides and back of a building instead of a complete freestanding peripteral colonnade
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barrel vault
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A semi cylindrical ceiling over parallel walls. Also called a tunnel vault
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forum romanum
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a public square of a Roman city, often situated at the intersection of the cardo and the decumanus
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forum boarium?
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a cattle based food market located near the Tiber. Site of the first gladiatorial contest
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cardo
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The main north-south street in a Roman city
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decumanus
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The main east-west street in a Roman city
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castrum plan
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A building plan for a Roman military encampment
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capitolium
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The Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maxiums on the Capitoline Hill in Rome. Also, any Roman temple dedicated to the gods Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva
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basilica
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In Roman architecture, a building for legal and other civic proceedings
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tribunal
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The elevated platform at the end of the nave of a basilica on which judges and other magistrates presided over official business
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nave
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The central space of a basilica, demarcated from the flanking aisles by a row of columns on each side
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aisle
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The area of a basilica to either side of the nave and separated from it by a row of columns
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chalcidicum
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The entrance vestibule of a basilica
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apodyterium
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The changing room in a Roman bathing facility
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palaestra
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An exercise courtyard framed by porticos
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tepidarium
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The warm-water room in a Roman bathing facility
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caldarium
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The hot-water room in a Roman bathing facility
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frigidarium
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The cold-water room in a Roman bathing facility
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hypocaust
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A floor raised on brick stilts so that hot air from a furnace can flow into and heat the room
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porticus
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a covered colonnade formed by a wall and one or more parallel rows of columns; a porch leading to the entrance of a building
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amphitheater
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an open air venue used for entertainment and performances
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arena
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An arena is an enclosed area, often circular or oval-shaped, designed to showcase theater, musical performances, or sporting events
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domus italica
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the early form of Roman house, based on Etruscan precedents
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fauces
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The foyer of a roman domus
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atrium
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The central reception area of a Roman domus, partly open to the sky.
(In a Tuscan atrium, there are no columns supporting the roof. In a tetrastyle atrium, one column at each of the four corners of the impluvium supports the compluvium) |
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Impluvium
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the catch basin in the center of the atrium of a Roman domus for the collection of rainwater admitted through the copmluvium
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cubiculum
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A small bedroom in a Roman domus, usually opening onto the atrium
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tablinum
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the office or study at teh back of the atrium of a Roman domus
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triclinium
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the dining room of a Roman domus
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peristyle
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A peripteral colonnade. Also, a colonnaded courtyard framing a garden in a Roman domus
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tetrastyle
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Having four columns. A terastyle temple has four columns on its facade
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fresco
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A mural painting technique in which the colors are applied to the wall while the plaster is still wet
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Fist Style
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The earliest style of Roman mural painting.
Also called the Masonry Style, because the aim of the artist wast to imitate, using painted stucco relief, the appearance of costly marble panels |
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Second Style
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The style of Roman mural painting in which the aim was to dissolve the confining walls of a room and replace them with the illusion of a three-dimensional world constructed in the artist's imagination
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triumph
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The celebratory procession through Rome that the Senate awarded to victorious generals
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verism / veristic portraiture
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True to natural appearance; supperrealistic portraiture
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rostra
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The speaker's platform in the Forum
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exedra
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A recessed area, often semicircular in plan
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imperator
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Commander in chief of the Roman army; root of the world "emperor"
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pontifex maxiums
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The chief priest of the Roman state religion
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Third Style
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In Roman mural painting, the style in which delicate linear features were sketched on predominantly monochromatic backgrounds
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mausoleum
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A grandiose tomb, named for Mausolos of Halikarnassos, whose fourth-century BCE tomb was ranked as one of the Seven Wonders of the ancient world
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libertus
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A freedman
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aqueduct
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a structure used to bring water from one location to another
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"triumphal" arch
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An arch erected in celebration of a generals triumph over an enemy
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scaenae frons
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The stage front of a Roman theater
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