Art History/111G/exam 2/ancient Aegean

Front 1

Palace Complex, Knossos, Crete

Back 1

- 1400-1250 BC
- Minoan

Front 2

Minoan Civilization

Back 2

- Named for the king Minos
- Bronze age people living on Crete
- Largest Aegean Island
- Olive Oils and Wines
- volcano or some other natural disaster destroyed civilization
- no evidence of being conquered or minoans soldiers

Front 3

Palace Complex Construction

Back 3

- Multi-storied, flat roofed, w/ many columns
- Designed for max. light
- Courtyards very important
- Small rooms arranged around the courtyards
- Columns used to define access and circulation pattern

Front 4

Sir Arthur Evans

Back 4

- 1900
- Excavated Minoan, Crete

Front 5

Bull Leaping Wall Painting

Back 5

- 1500 BC
- Knossos
-Some connection to Minoan culture: swayed back of bull with curled tail
- Bull rep. Power
- 3 scantily clad figures, wasp waists, 1 figure dark-skinned, 1 a woman
- Perhaps ritual for fertility
- Bull shown in flying gallop

Front 6

Bull's Head Rhyton

Back 6

- 1500 BC
- Minoan culture
- Drinking Cup
- Lighly engraved lines filled with white powder

Front 7

Pendant of Gold Bees

Back 7

- c. 1700-1550 BC
- 2 bees/symmetrical
- Typical Minoan Art
- Hammared Gold

Front 8

Snake Goddess/Woman

Back 8

- 1500 BC
- Ritual object and work of art
- Found in pit w/ other ceremonial objects in Knosso storeroom
- Bare-breasted, arms held out w/ snakes in both hands
- Wide belt to cinch waist
- Dress in geometric patterns, with apron over the dress
- lively and dauntingly, almost hypnotically powerful combination
- Reps. deities or human attendants.

Front 9

Kamares Ware Jug

Back 9

- 2000 BC
- Old Palace, Crete
- How you use the jug important/ pictorial field (think about using the entire space
- More informaiton where pot is bigger
- Shape of hand continues the flow onto the pot
- top looks like neck of a bird w/ an eye for the opening
- Easy/Langid quality
- Fitting form to shape
- Feels like they did it for enjoyment

Front 10

Octopus Flask

Back 10

- 1500 BC, Crete
- Appears as if octopus was laid on the vase
- fill in w/ other flowy space
- Horror Vaccui: fear of empty spaces

Front 11

Horror Vaccui

Back 11

- Fear of empty space

Front 12

Harvester Vace

Back 12

- 1500 BC, Crete
- (rowdy) men in procession, 27
- Singing or shouting
- Wasp waists, stylized face, big torso, skinny legs, standing on tippy toes
- 3D space, overlapping and jostling one another instead of marching orderly

Front 13

Vapheio Cup

Back 13

- 1500 BC, Minoan or Mycenaean
- Gold Cup
- Hammared Gold (worked from the inside, then rolled around a bottom
- Bulls on cup/swayed backs, natural
- Relief design in repousse' (pushing up metal from the back)

Front 14

Citadel at Mycenae

Back 14

- 1600-1200 BC, Mycenae
- Big wall @ entrance, were warriors w/ enemies
- Fortified city (walls)
- Burial Chamber
- One one way into the city
- Hilly path inside walls to get around
- Terrain was very rocky

Front 15

Lyon Gate, Mycenae

Back 15

- 1250 BC, Mycenae
- Same type column between the lions, like Minoan (large at top/skinny at bottom)
- Symbolic entrance, scale shows importance/ meant to intimidate
- Scale of stones are huge, cyclopean stones/walls
- Don't know how they did it

Front 16

Treasury of Atreus, Mycenae

Back 16

- 1200 BC, Mycenae
- Thought gold was there, not so
- Think it was a tomb
- Tomb was beehive shaped/ round structure
- Tholos style
- Burial chambers off of main entrance

Front 17

City of Tiryns

Back 17

- Fortified City
- Megaron in center of site
Wall / halls narrow
- Medevil passageway in wall
- set up to fight enemy
- Cyclopean Walls

Front 18

Megaron Layout

Back 18

- Front porch
- 2 columns to define entrance
- Circular hearth in the center/ throne room

Front 19

Mask of Agamemnon

Back 19

- 1500 BC (maybe older)
- Funerary mask
- Death mask like Tut
- Hammered Gold

Front 20

Dagger Blade w/ Lion Hunt

Back 20

- c. 1550 to 1500 BC, Mycenaean
- Burial Objects
- How they use the space
- Same figures, lion hunt scene

Front 21

What are the Greek Orders (3 total)

Back 21

Doric, Ionic, Corinthian

Front 22

The Geek Temple, Parthenon

Back 22

- Stick w/ the same combo of elements
-Pure and perfect on its own, can't build on it, as it is a work of art on its own.
-Always a row of columns
-Cella the main floor, one entrance, a porch called Pronaos
-Commoners stay o/s (everything happens o/s, temple is the backdrop)
-Raised on a platform
-Altar o/s
-Symmetrical

Front 23

Metope

Back 23

Where you put the sculpture

Front 24

Gultoe (as part of a structure)

Back 24

where you put the pins

Front 25

Capital (as part of the structure)

Back 25

the top of a column

Front 26

Pediment (as part of a structure)

Back 26

Where you put the sculpture, triangular shape

Front 27

Ionic Order style

Back 27

Coninuous frieze, eg Elgin Marble

Front 28

Sculptures in the West Pediment - Temple of Aphaia

Back 28

- 500 to 490 BC; Greek Archaic
- Does the frame determine the sculpture or vice versa
- Liked 3D objects, more real than paintings
- Both free-standing sculpture and Relief
- Makes it more real and physical
- How they used the space and fit the objects into that space
- Nothing behind it, just space
(the horses head over edge comes later, to show 3D, goes back into space)

Front 29

Dying Soldier in the West Pediment/right corner -Temple of Aphaia

Back 29

- 500 to 490 BC, Greek Archaic
- Archaic smile, big eyes

Front 30

Dying Soldier in the East Pediment/ left cornder - Temple of Aphaia

Back 30

- 490 to 480 BC, Greek Archaic
- Huge shift in 10 years (soldier in the West Pediment)
- More natural position, sense weight on the body, looking away, see more tendons and bone structure
- A little more naturalistic with the foot over the ledge, using real space
- Increased sense of softness
- Can see the line of the Pediment, so soldier fit into it

Front 31

The Archer, West Pediment - Temple of Aphaia

Back 31

- 500 to 490 BC; Greek Archaic
- Realistic Pose, position of the foot
- Archaic eyes

Front 32

Hercules, Atlas w/ the Lady and Apple, holding up the world

Back 32

- Greek/Severe Archaic
- Hercules offers to hold up the world for Atlas if he goes and finds the 3 golden apples
- Hercules doesn't want to take back the world, so Hercules agrees if Atlas would take it back so he could find a cushion. As soon as Atlas takes the world back, Hercules takes off with the apples.

Front 33

The Parthenon

Back 33

-447 to 432 BC
- Built on an uneven hill
- Acropolis means High Hill
- Destroyed during the Persian War
- Geometry used to build
- Ideal and real, built to put together what appears to be true (optical illusion)
- Platform flat, but if it was it would look bowed
- Used Doric and Ionic

Front 34

Lapith and the Centaur - The Parthenon

Back 34

- 447 to 432 BC; Classical Greece
- Metope relief from the Doric Frieze, South side of the Parthenon
- Beautiful composition
- Drapery: makes the image pop, keeps curved lines
- Meant to appreciate the sophistication of the piece
- If you stare at it, it looks like a living, breathing piece
- Compare to Olympian Sculpture (460 BC)

Front 35

East Pediment Marbles, a/k/a Elgin Marbles @ BM - The Parthenon

Back 35

- 447-432 BC/Classical Greek
- "Wet Drapery" Style is important: reveals figure (no longer concealed); gives it weight and volume; can show movement

Front 36

Three Goddesses - East Pediment, The Parthenon

Back 36

- 447-432 BC Classical Greek
- Sculptures are finished in the back even though you wouldn't see them (it matters to them)

Front 37

Marshals and Young Women - East side - The Parthenon

Back 37

-447 to 432 BC; Classical Greek
- Like watching a movie
- Calm, cool and collective patterns
- From the Ionic Frieze