Art History Test Two Vocab

Front 1

Leon Battista Alberti- “On Painting”

Back 1

“Istoria”
Decorum

Painters Position in society- Elevate their lives intellectually
Iconography: Seek to encapsulate notions of abundance and variety

Front 2

Decorum-

Back 2

• alberti: “appropriateness”
• Everyone’s acting appropriately, doing a appropriate things.

Front 3

Sacra Conversazione

Back 3

• Holy conversation
• Relaxed depiction of group of religious figures where viewer relies on gesture and expression to tell story/ direct eye.

Front 4

Refectory

Back 4

• Monastery dining room

Front 5

Pazzi Conspiracy

Back 5

• 1478
• decide to throw out Medici- conspire and hold a “coup”
o coup is not successful: over several weeks
• Medici bring troops in and recover
• Kill Giuliano medici- Enzo (his brother) was injured but did not die- came back with vengeance
• Lots of murder and unrest results.

Front 6

Bonfires of Vanities

Back 6

•led by Girolamo Savonarola
If all this luxury is screwing us up, we need to get rid of it.
o Anything that’s not religious: ridding themselves of art, etc. why most existing art from this time period is religious.
• He decides to march an army on Rome: fails miserably
• Pope excommunicates him- hang him and burn him at the stake.

Front 7

• Girolamo Savonarola

Back 7

o Lived in monastery
• 1 part confusion in city (Pazzi Conspiracy), 1 part fear of time
• gives sermons: says everything bad is Medici’s fault: greedy, lost touch with Christian philosophies- they’re going to burn in hell
o 1494 ousts Medicis out of Florence

Front 8

Caspar

Back 8

• Youngest of Magi

Front 9

Signismondo Malatesta

Back 9

• Very powerful member of greatly influential family who were allied w/ Medicis
• Depicted on walls of medici chapel and greeted pope in chapel on his visit

Front 10

Hugo van der Goes

Back 10

• Dutch artist, hyper-realist when painting details while completely non-naturalistic on the grander scale.
• Intense interest in depicting the humanity in people and their plasticity in expressions
• Not as interested in scale/perspective.

Front 11

Portinari Altarpiece

Back 11

• Baby altarpiece- baby is one of first depictions of an actual infant with correct proportions etc.
o Depiction of Christ in front of sarcophagus which is open references his impending death and resurrection
o Somber mood, Northern proportions, rich surface texture
o Places donors on side panels of triptych

Front 12

Cantoria

Back 12

• Architectural sculpture- singing chapel.

Front 13

Sarcophagus

Back 13

• Roman coffin- used for troughs and fountains

Front 14

Apotheosis

Back 14

• Funeral for kings
• Exaltation of a subject to a divine level- dead king becomes god- eagles.

Front 15

Doryphorus

Back 15

• Male template for classical male nude
• Contraposto
• Originally in bronze

Front 16

Piano Nobile

Back 16

First” floor- entertaining rooms, living rooms, bedrooms- above bank. (Medici palace)

Front 17

“Istoria”

Back 17

• narrative: the story
• everything you paint must relate to the story: make it more interesting/complex
• measure of classical restraint: strong, simple, quiet bodies. Not out of control.

Front 18

Condottiere

Back 18

• Mercenary leader,
• Fame featured in renaissance iconography
• Often honored with equestrian monuments
• Reserved for emperors in rome

Front 19

Niccolo da Tolentino

Back 19

• Conditierre
• Friend and ally of cosimo de medici
• Depicted in uccello’s battle of San Romano
• Also monumentalized by castagno for the Florence cathedral

Front 20

Melchoir

Back 20

• Oldest of 3 magi

Front 21

Galeazzo Sforza

Back 21

• Member of prominent family who were medici allies
• Depicted in procession of the magi in medici chapel
• Murdered in an invasion of Milan from the French.

Front 22

Simonetta Vespucci

Back 22

• Boticelli’s great crush: married noblewoman- his model for all his women

Front 23

Triptych:

Back 23

• 3-part or 3-panel composition.

Front 24

Putti:

Back 24

• Winged babies

Front 25

Marzocco

Back 25

• Heraldic lion sculpted by Donatello- which is the symbol of Florence
chose lion because of its perception as a protector/always slept with one eye open
• Also has religious ties

Front 26

Contrapposto

Back 26

• Relaxed, natural pose: one leg cocked- hips and shoulders at opposite angles.

Front 27

Rustication

Back 27

• Architectural style of 1st cent. BC Romans- fortress-like: rustic stones.

Front 28

Stringcourses:

Back 28

• Delineate/separate three floors of Medici palace
• Create base for windows.