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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mohenjo-daro and Harappa |
Largest cities of the ancient world before Rome in Pakistan |
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Steatite Seals |
Scriptis still undeciphered Used to make impressions on clay and to secure trade goods |
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Aryans and Dasas |
Persian ancestors migrated to Indus Valley Brought Sanskrit language and new goods mobile herding people from central Asia occupied the Punjab |
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The Vedas |
Oldest religious text in the world oral hymns of the Aryans Sanskrit compilations of religious learning "knowledge" |
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Aryan gods |
Indra, Agni, Surya, Rudra, Soma primarily male associated with the rains, ocean, sun, and fire |
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Caste System |
Brahmins - the priests Kshatryas - warriors, rulers, "ranks below priests" Vaishyas - traders, "3rd highest" Sudras - manual labors, "Outcastes" - "untouchables", less than human, lowest class, can not even cast a shadow on the upper castes |
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Mahabharata |
important source of information on the development of Hinduism is regarded by Hindus as both a text about dharma (Hindu moral law) |
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Trimurti (Hindu 'Trinity') |
Brahma - the creator god, "creator of the universe" Vishnu - the preserver / responsible for upkeep Shiva - the destroyer |
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Mahadevi |
supreme force that creates, drives the universe (sum of all other deities) |
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Siddhartha Gautama |
"The Buddha" prince who gave up everything to seek spiritual enlightenment reached enlightenment under the Bodhi tree |
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Nirvana |
release from the effects of karma and the cycle of death and rebirth "englightenment" |
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Hinayana Buddhism |
"The lesser vehicle" the conservative form of early Buddhism |
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Ashoka |
greatest indian king and patron of Buddhism |
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Chaitya |
a Buddhist shrine or prayer hall with a stupa at one end |
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vihara |
a Buddhist monastery |
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stupa |
a mound like structure containing relics of the Buddha used as a place of meditation |
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Gandhara and Mathura |
two main capitals of the Kushan kingdom |
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King Kanishka |
greatest patron of Buddhism after Ashoka |
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Mahayana Buddhism |
"The Greater Vehicle" includes worship of Bodhisattvas - a person who has reaches nirvana but decides to stay to help others reach nirvana |
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The 4 noble truths |
1. life is suffering 2.the cause of suffering is desire 3. one can overcome and extinguish desire 4. the way to conquer desire and end suffering is to follow the buddahs 8 fold path |
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shikhara |
"mountain peak" the rising tower in the Hindu temple architecture of North India |
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garbhagriha |
innermost sanctum of a Hindu temple where resides "womb chamber" |
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mandapa |
Hall in a Hindu temple |
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ragamala |
painting garden of melody |
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Ajanta Caves |
Greatest collection of early buddhist paintings Gupta period |
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Chola Dynasty |
greatest era of bronze castings |
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Gupta Period |
Greatest age of Indian art/culture |
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Alexander the Great |
Introduces Greek art to India |
