Art History I: Exam I Study Guide

Front 1

paleolithic

Back 1

old stone age

Front 2

neolithic

Back 2

new stone age

Front 3

stylistic dating

Back 3

dating by styles distinct to place and time

Front 4

radiocarbon dating

Back 4

dating by radioactive elements

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naturalism

Back 5

representational style based on observation of the natural world

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abstraction

Back 6

art that is still recognizable in the natural world, but is no longer mimetic

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ground line

Back 7

painted or carved baseline on which figures appear to stand on

Front 8

composite view

Back 8

two perspectives of a figure; one is shown in profile, the other is shown frontally

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Back 9

Nude Woman ("Venus of Willendorf")

Austria

c. 28,000-25,000 BCE

limestone

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Back 10

Bison with a Turned Head, fragmentary spear thrower

Dordogne, France

c. 12,000 BCE

reindeer horn

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Back 11

Lascaux cave

Dordogne, France

c. 15,000-13,000 BCE

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Back 12

Chauvet cave

Ardeche, France

c. 30,000-28,000 BCE

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Back 13

Human skull with restored features

Jericho

c. 7000-6000 BCE

plaster, paint, inlaid shell

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Back 14

Çatal Hüyük

Turkey

c. 6000-5900 BCE

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Back 15

Landscape with volcanic eruption (?)copy of wall painting

Çatal Hüyük, Turkey

c. 6150 BCE

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Back 16

Stonehenge

Wiltshire, England

c. 2550-1600 BCE

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city-states

Back 17

a city that within its surrounding territory forms an independent state

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ziggurat

Back 18

in ancient Mesopotamia, a rectangular stepped tower; sometimes surrounded by a temple

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bent-axis

Back 19

an architectural plan incorporating a sharp change in direction

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register

Back 20

one of a series of rows in a pictorial narrative

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votive offering

Back 21

an offering made to fulfill a vow

Front 22

hierarchy of scale (hieratic scale)

Back 22

a technique used to depict the relative of importance by scale

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Back 23

White Temple and ziggurat

Uruk, Iraq

c. 3200-3000 BCE

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Back 24

Female Head (Innana?)

Uruk, Iraq

c. 3200-3000 BCE

marble

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Back 25

Statuettes of worshipers

Iraq

c. 2700 BCE

gypsum inlaid with shell and limestone

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Back 26

Standard of Ur

Ur, Iraq

c. 2600 BCE

wood inlaid with shell, lapis lazuli, and limestone

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Back 27

Bull-headed lyre (restored)

from Royal Cemetery, Ur, Iraq

c. 2600 BCE

wood with gold leaf and lapis lazuli

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stele

Back 28

a stone slab used to commemorate

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iconoclasm

Back 29

the banning of images, especially religious art

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glazed brick

Back 30

mud + brick > fired = glazed brick

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cuneiform

Back 31

Sumerian writing made by pressing a wedge-shaped tool into clay tablets

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Back 32

Banquet Scene, cylinder seal

Royal Cemetery, Ur, Iraq

c. 2600 BCE

lapis lazuli

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Back 33

Head of an Akkadian Ruler

Iraq

c. 2250-2200 BCE

copper

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Back 34

Ziggurat (partiallyrestored)

Ur, Iraq

c. 2100 BCE

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Back 35

Stele with code of law of Hammurabi

Iran

c. 1780 BCE

basalt

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Back 36

Two Lamassu

from the citadel of Sargon II

Dur Sharrukin, Iraq

c. 720-705 BCE

limestone

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achaemenid empire

Back 37

migration of Medes and Persians from Central Asia before 1000 BCE

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frieze

Back 38

in classical architecture; a continuous horizontal band of sculptural decoration

Front 39

zoroastrianism

Back 39

a religion founded in ancient times by the prophet Zarathushtra, known to the Greeks as Zoroaster

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necropolis

Back 40

city of the dead

Front 41

sarcophagus

Back 41

a stone coffin, typically adorned with a sculpture or inscription and associated with the ancient civilizations of Egypt

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Back 42

Ishtar Gate (restored)

Babylon, Iraq

c. 575 BCE

glazed brick

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Back 43

Persepolis

6th century BCE-3rd century CE

Iran

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Back 44

Palace of Darius the Great

Persepolis

5th century BCE

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Back 45

Nowruz: Lion (the Moon) attacking a Bull (the Sun)

Palace of Darius

5th century BCE

glazed brick

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Back 46

(sarcophagus)

Naqsh-e Rustam

11th to 4th century BCE

Iran

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predynastic

Back 47

3500 - 3000 BCE

Front 48

old kingdom

Back 48

dynasties 3-6; 2575 - 2150 BCE; a time of social and political stability

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mastaba

Back 49

trapezoidal underground burial chamber

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ka

Back 50

spirit in the afterlife

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temple

Back 51

a place for worshipping

Front 52

column

Back 52

cylindrical shafts, also used as support

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shaft

Back 53

functioned for spirits to travel through

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capital

Back 54

major city // the uppermost member of a column serving as a transition from the shaft to the lintel

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engaged

Back 55

columns that are attached to the wall

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ashlar masonry

Back 56

carefully cut and regularly shaped blocks of stone used in construction, fitted together without mortar

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Back 57

Palette of King Narmer

Egypt

c. 3000-2920 BCE

slate

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Back 58

Imhotep

Stepped Pyramid of Djoser

Saqqara, Egypt

c. 2630-2611, BCE

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Back 59

Great Pyramids

Gizeh, Egypt

c. 2551-2472 BCE

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Back 60

Khafre

from Gizeh, Egypt

c. 2520-2494 BCE

diorite

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Back 61

Menkaure and Khamerernebty

from Gizeh, Egypt

c. 2490-2472 BCE

slate

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Back 62

Ka-Aper

from his mastaba at Saqqara, Egypt

c. 2450-2350 BCE

Front 63

middle kingdom

Back 63

c. 1975 - 1640 BCE; arts and writings flourished; military strengthened

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serdab

Back 64

small; a chamber to house the ka's statue

Front 65

rock-cut tomb

Back 65

(replaced mastabas)

Front 66

fluting

Back 66

a series of shallow concave grooves, vertical on the shaft or column

Front 67

block statue

Back 67

a cubic stone image with simplified body parts

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Back 68

Ti watching a hippopotamus hunt relief in the mastaba of Ti, Saqqara, Egypt

c. 2450-2350

painted limestone

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Back 69

(rock-cut tombs)

Beni Hasan

c. 2000 BCE

painted limestone

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Back 70

Stele of AmenemhatI

Assasif

c. 1975 BCE

painted limstone

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Back 71

Head of SenusretIII

c. 1875

quartzite

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Back 72

Hippopotamus

Tomb of Senbi

12th dynasty

faience

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pylon temple

Back 73

the pylon is the gateway (of an Egyptian temple) which is comprised of two trapezoids with a rectangle in the middle; represents the sun rising between two mountains

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hypostyle hall

Back 74

a large interior room characterized by many closely spaced columns that support its roof

Front 75

clerestory

Back 75

part of an interior wall rising above the adjacent roof with windows admitting light

Front 76

sunken relief

Back 76

outlines of figures carved into the surface, instead of being formed by cutting away the background

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fresco

Back 77

a painting technique that apples water-based paint onto a freshly plastered wall; durable and long-lasting

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Back 78

Senmut

mortuary temple of HatshepsutDeir el-Bahri

c. 1473-1458 BCE

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Back 79

(hypostyle hall)

Temple of Amen-Re

Karnak, Egypt

c. 1290-1224 BCE

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Back 80

Fowling scene

from the tomb of Nebamun, Thebes, Egypt

c. 1400-1350 BCE

fresco on dry plaster

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Back 81

Akhenaton

from the temple of Amen-Re, Karnak, Egypt

c. 1353-1335 BCE

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Back 82

Thutmose

Nefertiti

Egypt

c. 1353-1335 BCE

painted limestone

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Back 83

Tiye

c. 1353-1335 BCE

wood, with gold, silver, alabaster, and lapis lazuli

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Back 84

Death mask of Tutankhamen

from his tomb at Thebes, Egypt

c. 1323 BC