Art History Chapters 5-9 Art Across Time

Front 1

How were Pompeiian houses focused?

Back 1

inwardly focused w/ lavish interiors

Front 2

who welcomed all religions in the Roman Empire?

Back 2

Constantine in his edict

Front 3

how many styles were there in the wall murals of pompeiian houses?

Back 3

four styles

Front 4

the house of mysteries had what painted on the walls?

Back 4

the intitiation ceremonies of a dyonistic cult

Front 5

was some perspective used in pompeiian paintings?

Back 5

yes the beginning of perspective happened here.

Front 6

were still lifes present at pompeii?

Back 6

yes the 4th style liked them. an example is the peaches and water jar.

Front 7

what happened in 79 b.c.?

Back 7

mt. vesuvius erupts.

Front 8

Early Christianity and Byzantine art occured when?

Back 8

245-1545 AD

Front 9

the change from pagan to monotheistic society was_______.

Back 9

huge

Front 10

cult religions were present in the roman empire. Was there one major cult?

Back 10

no. many different cults were very popular. 12 major ones in certain places.

Front 11

early christianity's artisans followed what style because of where they lived?

Back 11

greek and roman art.

Front 12

what is syncretism

Back 12

where other cultures assimilate earlier traditions of other cultures

Front 13

the three monotheistic religions are: ?

Back 13

judaism, christianity, islamic religion

Front 14

what is a catecomb?

Back 14

a burial place underground that was often connected to other ones for safety from the Roman Empire.

Front 15

what is an orant?

Back 15

person w/ hands held upward as if seeking salvation.

Front 16

early christians built churches shaped like roman basilicas b/c -----?

Back 16

it was the only building not associated w/ paganism.

Front 17

what is a nave?

Back 17

the double-wide aisle in the middle of a church

Front 18

how are church's defined?

Back 18

by the aisles.

Front 19

the semicircle at the end of the nave is called?

Back 19

the apse

Front 20

the transept is?

Back 20

the top of the church that is at the beginning of the nave. shaped like a t.

Front 21

how are cathedrals classified?

Back 21

by the number of aisleways they have

Front 22

the "welcome center" of the cathedrals that are at the entrances of the sanctuary is called...

Back 22

the narthex

Front 23

because most could not read, christianity was primarily taught through....?

Back 23

the images and artwork of early christianity.

Front 24

the two main plans for churches were named:

Back 24

longitudinal and centralized structures

Front 25

in centralized churches the nave is where?

Back 25

wraped around the altar space into a circular shape w/ a clerstory.

Front 26

what is the bent nave?

Back 26

ambulatory

Front 27

the brilliant display of mosaics is found inside the _____?

Back 27

the masoleum of galla placidia

Front 28

what is a lunette?

Back 28

a small semicircle image often found in mosaics

Front 29

how did the production of mosaics change?

Back 29

they became flatter and simpler to better communicate their message

Front 30

what were the two churches in Ravenna?

Back 30

san vitale & galla placidia

Front 31

Who made an edict that proclaimed the persecutions of all non-christians?

Back 31

Justinian

Front 32

who made an edict that welcomed all christians and all religions?

Back 32

constantine

Front 33

once christianity was popular what happened to pagan art?

Back 33

many sculptures were reused for other purposes or destroyed along w/ other artforms

Front 34

theodora was whose wife?

Back 34

justinian

Front 35

the center of Justinian's empire was in....

Back 35

ravenna, italy

Front 36

octogonal church in ravenna that was centrally planned

Back 36

san vitale

Front 37

term for tile pieces:

Back 37

tesserae

Front 38

primary materials for making codexes?

Back 38

parchment and vellum, better than papyrus

Front 39

what is a codex?

Back 39

an early form of a book; came after scrolls

Front 40

what did codexes usually contain?

Back 40

both writing and images that communicated the same thing. bare necessityish; religious symbolism; ink and paper

Front 41

huge complex with dome in constantinople

Back 41

hagia sophia

Front 42

what is a pendentive?

Back 42

A structural element that puts a dome on a square space. circle in square hole.

Front 43

who invented the pendentive

Back 43

the builders of the hagia sophia; constantinople

Front 44

what is iconoclasm>

Back 44

the destruction of christian images. christ on a cross - icon and to be destroyed b/c destracting from praying and don't worship the image but god

Front 45

which style stayed in Russian until after the 1400s?

Back 45

byzantine style

Front 46

the russian 2 angels are also considered to be a precursor of:

Back 46

the trinity

Front 47

what are the two factions of islam

Back 47

shiite and sunni

Front 48

anti-iconic art is important in what religion?

Back 48

islam

Front 49

caligraphy is sacred in what society?

Back 49

islamic

Front 50

who is the last prophet of islam?

Back 50

muhammad

Front 51

what happened in 660 in religion?

Back 51

the schism of islam

Front 52

islamic's koran is in what language?

Back 52

arabic

Front 53

islamic people celebrate what: the inside or outside of buildings?

Back 53

neither; they decorate and love both

Front 54

what is the worship space for islam called?

Back 54

mosque

Front 55

which religion's worship space had minerette towers?

Back 55

islam

Front 56

who prays five times daily?

Back 56

muslims

Front 57

where is the mosque of cordoba?

Back 57

spain