Art History Chapter 1-3

Front 1

Paleolithic

Back 1

(old stone) the old stone age, ranges from different arts from necklace, animals forms in ivory, clay and stone, painting, engravings, and relief sculptures. Purpose of art unknown

Front 2

Mesolithic

Back 2

(Middle stone age)

Front 3

Neolithic

Back 3

(New stone age) climax got warmer, had metalwork, pottery, and clay tokens. More paintings of man dominating animals.

Front 4

Radiocarbon dating

Back 4

used to date materials based on comparison between the observed abundance of naturally occurred radioactive isotope and its decay products.

Front 5

Profile view

Back 5

head, body, tail, and all four feet. This way you can get the whole profile of the animals

Front 6

Three-dimensional sculpture

Back 6

A sculpture that is completely craved out.

Front 7

Relief sculpture

Back 7

The stone cut into a flat surface to give the image a background.

Front 8

Shaman

Back 8

Having access to spirits.

Front 9

Megaliths

Back 9

A large stone that has used to construct a structure or monument either alone or together with other stones

Front 10

Menhir

Back 10

Large upright standing stone

Front 11

Paleolithic

Back 11

(old stone) the old stone age, ranges from different arts from necklace, animals forms in ivory, clay and stone, painting, engravings, and relief sculptures. Purpose of art unknown

Front 12

Mesolithic

Back 12

(Middle stone age)

Front 13

Neolithic

Back 13

(New stone age) climax got warmer, had metalwork, pottery, and clay tokens. More paintings of man dominating animals.

Front 14

Radiocarbon dating

Back 14

used to date materials based on comparison between the observed abundance of naturally occurred radioactive isotope and its decay products.

Front 15

Profile view

Back 15

head, body, tail, and all four feet. This way you can get the whole profile of the animals

Front 16

Three-dimensional sculpture

Back 16

A sculpture that is completely craved out.

Front 17

Relief sculpture

Back 17

The stone cut into a flat surface to give the image a background.

Front 18

Shaman

Back 18

Having access to spirits.

Front 19

Megaliths

Back 19

A large stone that has used to construct a structure or monument either alone or together with other stones

Front 20

Menhir

Back 20

Large upright standing stone

Front 21

Paleolithic

Back 21

(old stone) the old stone age, ranges from different arts from necklace, animals forms in ivory, clay and stone, painting, engravings, and relief sculptures. Purpose of art unknown

Front 22

Mesolithic

Back 22

(Middle stone age)

Front 23

Neolithic

Back 23

(New stone age) climax got warmer, had metalwork, pottery, and clay tokens. More paintings of man dominating animals.

Front 24

Radiocarbon dating

Back 24

used to date materials based on comparison between the observed abundance of naturally occurred radioactive isotope and its decay products.

Front 25

Profile view

Back 25

head, body, tail, and all four feet. This way you can get the whole profile of the animals

Front 26

Three-dimensional sculpture

Back 26

A sculpture that is completely craved out.

Front 27

Relief sculpture

Back 27

The stone cut into a flat surface to give the image a background.

Front 28

Shaman

Back 28

Having access to spirits.

Front 29

Megaliths

Back 29

A large stone that has used to construct a structure or monument either alone or together with other stones

Front 30

Menhir

Back 30

Large upright standing stone

Front 31

Dolmen

Back 31

Portal tomb, with about three upright stones

Front 32

Cromlechs

Back 32

Structure encircling a mound

Front 33

Post and Lintel construction

Back 33

Construction method using the horizontal stones and a vertical one on top.

Front 34

Cave paintings

Back 34

mostly animals, with only a view of the head, body, tail, and all four legs. Paint is by marrow of fat, used red and yellower power and just added water. Used weeds, bristles, twigs, and also paint by blowing pipe or hollow bone,

Front 35

Altamira

Back 35

found by an amateur archaeologist in 1879 in Spain. Paintings were found 85 feet into the cave. Painting were 60 feet long, has no ground line or indication of setting. Wanted to represent animals not location. Group of bison, looking down at animal rather then standing on the ground.

Front 36

Lascaux

Back 36

"Halls of Bulls" many colored silhouettes, but others are craved by outline alone.

Front 37

Venus of Willendorf

Back 37

It is served as a fertility image, no face, arms, big breast, big stomach, vagina. Wanted to notice the female form.

Front 38

Venus of Laussel

Back 38

Oldest relief sculpture who is holding a horn and other hand on stomach, No one knows why she is this way.

Front 39

Stonehenge

Back 39

A henge is an arrangement of megalithic stones in a circle. Often surrounded by a ditch.

Front 40

Newgrange

Back 40

One of the most impressive megalithic monument in Europe, and one of the oldest.

Front 41

Polytheistic

Back 41

Believes in more then one God

Front 42

Monotheistic

Back 42

Believe in one God

Front 43

Deities

Back 43

Supernatural immoral beings

Front 44

Cuneiform

Back 44

First form of writing, used to record keeping, then creative writing later on. They made stamps that would role out into clay.

Front 45

Inlaid

Back 45

having a 3d sculpture

Front 46

Ziggurat

Back 46

(Raised up high) Famous type of temple, are like pyramids, very top is a statue that looks over town. Man made temple between Heaven and Earth made out of brick.

Front 47

Stele

Back 47

Gray stone "Stele of Valuers" (victory of battle and values taking heads of losing dead. Story mostly about the military and battle, has a hard back not 3D.

Front 48

Bulls

Back 48

Common in old religion, was worshipped and has a lot of pictures in art.

Front 49

Gudea of Lagash

Back 49

(man sitting in chair, skirt has writing on it) Peaceful ruler, very religious. Did not wear fancy clothing but simple clothes. Hands are together to pray for guidance, has a robe over one shoulder. He built a lot of libraries.

Front 50

Victory Stele of Naram-Sin

Back 50

Ruler, the victory of King, all in profile, the king is bigger and has foot on tope of the loser and has more clothes on.

Front 51

Law Code of Hammurabi

Back 51

First written law code, powerful King of the Balafire, laws from cutting trees to adultery. Has 282 laws.

Front 52

Characteristic of men in sculptures (Mesopotamian)

Back 52

Used a lot of simple patterns, has unibrow.

Front 53

Lamassu

Back 53

Winged, manhead bulls served to ward off King's enemies. Assyrains made them.

Front 54

Ishtar Gate

Back 54

Orignal is in Iraq, a lot of blue as well as unicorns.

Front 55

Upper Egypt

Back 55

Up steam (South) water is rapped and fast.

Front 56

Lower Egypt

Back 56

Down steam (North) soft river

Front 57

Pharaohs

Back 57

Ruler, each pharaoh when he became a ruler would start over time and change all the records

Front 58

Hieroglyphics

Back 58

"Picture writing" when Romans invaded Egypt Catholic church killed people who could read hieroglyphics

Front 59

Serekh

Back 59

Rectangle chief name of King, older then cartouch

Front 60

Cartouch

Back 60

Oval, King five title names

Front 61

Stylized art

Back 61

All body showing, profile, had to use a grid, set of rules must be followed.

Front 62

Sarcophagus

Back 62

Stone coffin for mummies.

Front 63

Obelisks

Back 63

Hatshepsut famous building she left behind, now it is used all over the world.

Front 64

Papyrus

Back 64

Paper made by the Nile, rolled them into to scroll.

Front 65

Stele

Back 65

Grave stone with stories and pictures.

Front 66

Hypostyle Hall

Back 66

Normal people were not allowed in, middle section is where God is at, it is very mysterious

Front 67

Hatshepsut

Back 67

Female pharaoh, betrayed like God, cobra on head for projection. Wife and half sister of another pharaoh, builds a temple for her father to gain more power. She became pharaoh instead of her step-son/nephew. Started to be in public less and less, and wanted to be God like, started to be shown as a man.

Front 68

White crown

Back 68

Upper Egypt

Front 69

Red crown

Back 69

Lower Egypt

Front 70

Palette of Narmer

Back 70

Used to mix eye make up, story about a power fight against Newbian.

Front 71

Rosetta Stone

Back 71

Was able to crack language code since it was written in three different languages

Front 72

Pyramids at Giza

Back 72

The three most famous pyramids, of a grandfather, father, and son. Took 75 years to built.

Front 73

Sphinx Khafre

Back 73

Guardian of pyramids, 66 feet high is a person/lion.

Front 74

Seated Scribe

Back 74

4500 years old, had own tomb, looks like a normal person shows the person rather then a god-like being.

Front 75

Temple of Ramses

Back 75

His sons had another temple, he had a lot of gold. 4 Portraits of Ramses outside.

Front 76

Akhanaten

Back 76

Pharaoh, he changed the religion and appeared more human then God. Moved capital of city, changed the art, had a disease which made him a thin chest, huge hips and belly. When he was overthrown a lot of his art was destroyed.

Front 77

Nefertiti

Back 77

(bust) Akhanaten's wife, beautiful and fragile Egypt wants it baack from Berlin, but if it is moved could be destroyed.

Front 78

Tutankhamon

Back 78

Old conventions of art returned, went back to old religion and died at 18. 5000 objects in tomb.

Front 79

Sphinx of Taharqo

Back 79

(Nubia) Pharaoh, could have been African American.