Art History

Front 1

Polis

Back 1

City (Akropolis)

Front 2

Krater

Back 2

Vessels made from pottery...highlights which period the Greeks were in...

Front 3

Pythia

Back 3

human medium to communicate Apollo's word

Front 4

oracle

Back 4

supernatural being, who holds spiritual commands

Front 5

Treasury

Back 5

house to protect Greek city-states offerings--included in Sanctuaries

Front 6

Caryatid

Back 6

a sculpture of a draped female figure acting as a column supporting an entablature

Front 7

Black-figure style

Back 7

Archaic period version of pottery. Used a black slip and carved out the humans with it

Front 8

Red-figure style

Back 8

Opposite version of Black-Figure...more realistic and was easier to get the details

Front 9

White Ground

Back 9

Type of ancient Greek pottery which the background color of the object was painted with a slip that turns white during firing..the figures and details were added by painting on or incising into slip---popular in classical period as funerary objects

Front 10

Stylus

Back 10

tool used with wet clay to create designs

Front 11

Slip

Back 11

underglaze of a pottery piece

Front 12

Corinth

Back 12

Port city where luxury wares from Near East Egypt influenced artists...(orientalilzing style occurred here)

Front 13

Olpe

Back 13

Ancient Greek vessel without a spout

Front 14

rosettes

Back 14

stylized flowers around the rim of a pottery piece

Front 15

Entasis

Back 15

Slight curve in a column so it appears in an optical allusion to be straight

Front 16

Kouros/Kouroi

Back 16

Archaic Male Statue--they were nearly almost always nude, represented gods, warriors, athletes--fertility=ancestors

Front 17

Kore/Korai

Back 17

Archaic Female Statue

Always clothed

These statues are less life like than Egypt, but took different parts of their ideas

Front 18

Peplos

Back 18

draped rectangle cloth that draped across the shoulder--blouse effect, women would wear them

Front 19

Classical

Back 19

Three Phases- Classical period (480-450BCE)

High Classical Period (450-400BCE)

Late Classical Period (400-323 BCE)

Described as humanism, rationalism, idealism

Front 20

Canon of Polykleitos

Back 20

Polykleitos created a bronze statue (Spear Bearer) and utilized Canon measurement to earn exact proportions

Front 21

Contrapposto

Back 21

presenting standing figures with opposing alternations of tension and relaxation around a central axis that dominates classical art.

Front 22

Hollow casting

Back 22

allowed for greek artists to create more free standing statues with arms extending--dont topple over as easy

Front 23

Perikles

Back 23

Leader who conquered Athens and Created Akropolis Athens--picking up the pieces of a broken city. Considered arrogant

Front 24

Pheidias

Back 24

Supervised the rebuilding of Akropolis (friends with Perikles)

Front 25

Peloponnesian Wars

Back 25

no common enemy...Golden age between Sparta and Athens created turmoil between the two...Athens became the greater, more cultured of the two

Front 26

Acropolis

Back 26

Most famous in Athens, seated at the top of the city--religious and ceremonial center as well as a treasury and later a fortress -- persians would destroy it but Perikles would rebuild

Front 27

Refinements of design

Back 27

Curved upward to create illusion of seeing all columns instead of them wavering off in distance

Front 28

Canon

Back 28

system of rations between a basic unit and the length of a various body parts

Front 29

Stele

Back 29

upright stone slab

Front 30

Polygnotos

Back 30

Active 475-450 BCE as one of most famous artists of time...created illusion of spatial recession in landscapes, rendering female figures clothing to transparent drapes and conveying human emotion

Front 31

Painted Stoa

Back 31

long roofed hallway with columns on either side

Front 32

Pausanias

Back 32

Greek writer who knew of the Pediment structure

Front 33

Mosaic

Back 33

mixing pieces of glass onto hard structure

Front 34

Tesserae

Back 34

small cubes used to create mosaic

Front 35

Pliny the Elder

Back 35

Roman observer who praised Greek work

Front 36

Philoxenos of Eretria

Back 36

Created Alexander the Great Confronts Darius the III

Front 37

Helen of Egypt

Back 37

The Great Confronts Darius could have been created by

Front 38

Alexander the Great

Back 38

Created Conquest against persians...branched out , occupied Egypt, found seaport--Alexander the great confronts darius III

Front 39

Philip of Macedon

Back 39

Defeated Athens and rapidly took Greek cities until his death--his son Alexander took over

Front 40

Darius III

Back 40

Persian leader conquered by Alexander the Great

Front 41

Battle of Actium

Back 41

31 BCE ends the Hellenistic Period

Front 42

Cleopatra

Back 42

Her death marks the end of the Hellenistic Period

Front 43

Corinthian Order

Back 43

stylized acanthus leaves that rise from a convex band--continous frieze..stepped out architrave just a few more

Front 44

Orchestra

Back 44

Circular area used for theatre performance

Front 45

Skene

Back 45

architectural back drop to theatre

Front 46

Proscenium

Back 46

The stage

Front 47

Baroque

Back 47

anti-classical break away art

Front 48

Pergamon

Back 48

Experimental hub of breaking away from the pattern and far advancing hellenistic art

Front 49

Attalos I

Back 49

Victory over Gauls...creating giant monument for it

Front 50

Eumenes II

Back 50

Dying Gaull statue was executed during his reign