Art History 104 Final Exam

Front 1

Edmund Burke "A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and the Beautiful" (1757)

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Burke was the first philosopher to argue that the sublime and the beautiful are mutually exclusive

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Sublime

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A major elemnt of romantic art, causes us to fear, to protect ourselves, in art can be sensual.

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The Bourbon Restoration

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The reinstatement of the Bourbon dynasty in France after Napoleon. Very conservative and Roman Catholic.

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July Monarchy

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After people had rebelled against Bourbon Dynasty their was a new monarchy not a republic as the people had hoped. Working class was exploited and rose up.

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Realism

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Shift from highly idealized classical high form to art that focuses on real events and ordinary people. Focuses on real life and real people. Has an interest in social and political change.

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Lithograph

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uses a tablet of stone. drew image on stone with oil based crayon. ink spread over after wetted and run through a press.

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Palette knife

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A palette knife is a blunt knife with an extremely flexible steel blade and no sharpened cutting edge. It is primarily used for mixing paint colors, paste, etc., or for marbling, decorative endpapers, etc

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Japanese woodblock prints

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Prints from Japan in which many impressionists and post impressionist drew from including simplicity, open space, and cropped figures.

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Pastel

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Pastel is an art medium in the form of a stick, consisting of pure powdered pigment and a binder.

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Painting en plein air

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iterally means 'in the open air'. It's a familiar concept today, but in the late 1800s when the Impressionists ventured out of their studios into nature to investigate and capture the effects of sunlight and different times of days on a subject, it was quite revolutionary.

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Pointillism

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Pointillism is a style of painting in which small distinct points of primary colors create the impression of a wide selection of secondary and intermediate colors.

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Symbolism

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Shift towards personal vision away from the real world. Art was personalized through subject matter, color selection, and application of paint. Believed it was a reflection of the inter spirit of artist not a record of nature.

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Expressionism

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There was a use of bolder colors, stronger patterns, and different brush work. Hoped to catch a sincere spontaneous view, moved away from perspective.

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Fauvism

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These were the French expressionists. Needed a personal reaction to scene. Brightly colored. Inspired by Gaugin and Van Gogh.

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Die Brucke

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"The Bridge" in German. A bridge to a better life. They believed society was evil and wanted to exercise it out through art by showing its wickedness.