Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Pre-History |
Human existence before the emergence of writing |
|
|
Neolithic |
The second half of the Stone Age Beginning of settlement "Neo-" meaning "new" and "-lithic" meaning "stone" |
|
|
Ridgepole, Post and Lintel, Corbeling |
Neolithic Building Methods Ridgepole- long horizontal beam Post and Lintel- two upright posts support a horizontal element Corbeling- rows or layers of stone laid with each end extending out past the row above until they almost meet; then capped with a stone |
|
|
Bronze |
an alloy; mixture of tin and copper |
|
|
Iron |
Hittites may have been the first to use it
|
|
|
Relief Sculpture |
surrounding material is carved away creating a background that sets off the figure |
|
|
Cuneform |
wedge shaped symbols used for writing by pressing them into clay |
|
|
Hieroglyphics |
Egyptian writing |
|
|
Hieratic Scale |
Relative size represents relative importance |
|
|
Cylinder Seals |
Sumerian seals for identifying documents and establishing property ownership |
|
|
Votive Statues |
Sumerian religious art dedicated to the gods in the middle of worship stand-in for the donor
|
|
|
Buon Fresco |
painted on wet plaster |
|
|
Fresco Secco |
painted on dry plaster |
|
|
Registers |
horizontal bands Example: The "Standard of Ur" has three registers |
|
|
Citadels |
fortress protecting a town sometimes incorporating a castle |
|
|
Mesopotamia |
"the land between the rivers" plains between the tigris and euphrates
|
|
|
Tholos Tombs |
members of the elite class of aegeans above ground burial places |
|
|
Function of Early Forms of Metal |
ornamentation |
|
|
Function of Ziggurats |
thought to have developed from repeated rebuilding on sacred sites
shrines
meeting place of humans and god |
|
|
Function of the Stele of Hammurabi |
written law of the babylonians |
|
|
Importance of the Rosetta Stone |
key to recovering the lost language of egyptian hieroglyphics |
|
|
Which rulers were the Pyramids of Giza associated with? |
Khufu (oldest and largest) Khafre Menkaure |
|
|
The First Architect |
Imhotep his name is inscribed on the base of a statue of the king found near the Step Pyramid |
|
|
Basic Conventions of Egyptian Art |
based on conceptual principles rather than the natural world mathematical formulas developed to determine design and proportions |
|
|
Upper and Lower Egypt |
Upper- in the south, upstream of the nile Lower- in the north
Combined by a ruler of upper egypt who conquered the lower around 3000 BCE |
|
|
Methods of Cave Painting |
Spraying from the mouth drawing with fingers or blocks dabbing with a paintbrush made of moss or hair |
|
|
Methods of Dating Ancient Artwork |
Relative Dating- looks at chronological relationships among objects Absolute Dating- aims to determine precise span of calender years in which the artifact was dated Radiometric dating- measures degree radioactive materials have disintegrated over time Radiocarbon dating- looks at carbon-14 decay Potassium-argon dating- measures decay of radioactive potassium isotope Thermo- luminescence dating- measures irradiation of the crystal structure of a material subjected to fire Electron spin resonance- magnetic field and microwave irradiation used to date material (such as tooth enamel) |
|
|
Lower and Upper Egyptian Crowns |
Club-like white crown of upper egypt Red crown of lower egypt |
|
|
Egyptian Gods |
Osiris- overseer of the realm of the dead Ra- sun god, of heliopolis Amun- chief god of thebes, blue with plumed crown Ptah- of memphis Horus- sky god, falcon head
|
|
|
Panofsky's Method |
Pre-Iconographic- things we can understand from looking at the painting Iconographic- discovering conventional meanings, the symbolism of the time Iconological- interpret the in terms of its cultural situation |
