Army First Aid ((Fm 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 2-19 / Pdf 46)

Front 1

What is Self Aid?

Back 1

Emergency treatment one applies to oneself

Front 2

Question #2:Name some items that you might use as a splint from your military equipment

Back 2

BayonetRifleEntrenching toolTent poles and stakesWeb belt

Front 3

What is the quickest way to splint a broken leg?

Back 3

Tie the broken leg securely to the unbroken leg

Front 4

How many pressure points, which can be used to control bleeding with fingers, thumbsor hands are there on the human body?

Back 4

11(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 2-19 / PDF 46)

Front 5

What is the object of first aid?

Back 5

To stop bleedingOvercome shockRelieve painPrevent infection

Front 6

What FM covers first aid for soldiers?

Back 6

FM 4-25.11

Front 7

What is First Aid?

Back 7

It is the first care given to casualties before treatment by medical personnel can be madeavailable

Front 8

What is the unique feature of type "O" blood?

Back 8

It is a universal donor

Front 9

When would you not remove a casualties clothing to expose a wound?

Back 9

If in a chemical environment or if the clothing is stuck to the wound

Front 10

What soldiers are most likely to suffer heat injuries?

Back 10

Soldiers not accustomed to the heat, overweight soldiers, prior heat casualties, andsoldiers already dehydrated due to alcohol use, diarrhea, or lack of water (insufficientuse of)

Front 11

How high should an injured limb be elevated above the heart to control bleeding?

Back 11

2 to 4 inches

Front 12

What are the lifesaving steps? (The ABC's of medical treatment)

Back 12

Open the airway and restore breathingStop the bleeding / Protect the woundPrevent shock(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 2-1 / PDF 23)

Front 13

When applying splint, where should the bandages be tied?

Back 13

The bandages should be tied with knots against the splint

Front 14

Whose first aid dressing should be used on a casualty?

Back 14

Use the casualty’s field dressing.(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 2-16 / PDF 42)

Front 15

How should the ends of an improved pressure dressing be tied?

Back 15

Tie the ends together in a nonslip knot, directly over the wound site. DO NOT tie sotightly that it has a tourniquet-like effect.(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 2-18 / PDF 45)

Front 16

What is manual pressure?

Back 16

If bleeding continues after applying the sterile field dressing, direct manual pressure maybe used to help control bleeding. Apply such pressure by placing a hand on the dressingand exerting firm pressure for 5 to 10 minutes. The casualty may be asked to do thishimself if he is conscious and can follow instructions.(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 2-17 / PDF 43)

Front 17

Should a casualty be given water to drink?

Back 17

He should not eat or drink

Front 18

Why should you dress and bandage the wound as soon as possible?

Back 18

To protect the wound from further contamination of germs, and also to control thebleeding

Front 19

What should you do to indicate that a casualty has received a tourniquet?

Back 19

Mark his or her forehead with a T and if possible, note the time of the application of thetourniquet(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 2-20 / PDF 51)

Front 20

Should you ever remove or loosen a tourniquet?

Back 20

No, only qualified medical personnel can do that(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 2-20 / PDF 51)

Front 21

Where is a tourniquet applied?

Back 21

Answer:Place the tourniquet around the limb, between the wound and the body trunk (or betweenthe wound and the heart). Never place it directly over a wound, a fracture, or joint.Tourniquets, for maximum effectiveness, should be placed on the upper arm or above theknee on the thigh.(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 2-20 / PDF 49)

Front 22

How can you prevent athlete's foot?

Back 22

wer:Keep your feet clean, use foot powder and change socks daily

Front 23

Name 3 categories of heat injuries

Back 23

Heat crampsHeat exhaustionHeat stroke(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 5-2 / PDF 113)

Front 24

What are the signs and symptoms of heat cramps?

Back 24

Cramping in the extremities (arms and legs)Abdominal Cramps (stomach)Excessive Sweating(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 5-2 / PDF 114)

Front 25

What is the treatment for heat cramps?

Back 25

Move the casualty to a cool, shady area or improvise shade if none is available.Loosen his clothing (if not in a chemical environment)In a chemical environment, transport the heat casualty to a non-contaminated area assoon as the mission permits.Have him slowly drink at least one canteen full of water. (The body absorbs cool waterfaster than warm or cold water; therefore, cool water is preferred if it is available.)Seek medical assistance should cramps continue.

Front 26

What are the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion?

Back 26

Excessive sweating with pale, moist, cool skinHeadacheWeaknessDizzinessLoss of appetiteCrampingNausea (with or without vomiting)Urge to defecateChills (Gooseflesh)Rapid BreathingTingling of Hands/FeetConfusion(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 5-2 / PDF 114)

Front 27

What would the treatment be for heat exhaustion?

Back 27

Move the casualty to a cool, shady area or improvise shade if none is available.Loosen or remove his clothing and boots (unless in a chemical environment); pourwater on him and fan him.Have him slowly drink at least one canteen of water.Elevate his legs.If possible, the casualty should not participate in strenuous activity for the remainderof the day.Monitor the casualty until the symptoms are gone, or medical assistance arrives.(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 5-2 / PDF 115)

Front 28

What are the signs and symptoms of heat stroke?

Back 28

Skin is red, hot and dryWeaknessDizzinessConfusionHeadachesSeizuresNauseaStomach pains or crampsRespiration and pulse may be rapid and weak.Unconsciousness and collapse may occur suddenly.(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 5-2 / PDF 116)

Front 29

What would the treatment be for heat stroke?

Back 29

Cool casualty immediately by—Moving him to a cool, shady area or improvising shade if none is available.Loosening or removing his clothing (except in a chemical environment).Spraying or pouring water on him; fanning him to permit the coolant effect ofevaporation.Massaging his extremities and skin, which increases the blood flow to those bodyareas, thus aiding the cooling process.Elevating his legs.Having him slowly drink at least one canteen full of water if he is conscious.Seek medical assistance immediately(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 5-2 / PDF 116)

Front 30

If a casualty were suspected of having a neck/spinal injury or severe head trauma, whichmethod would you use for opening an airway?

Back 30

The jaw thrust technique, because in most cases it can be done without extending theneck(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 2-3 / PDF 25)

Front 31

What are two basic types of fractures?

Back 31

Open (compound)Closed (simple)(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 1-6 / PDF 21)

Front 32

What are some signs of an open fracture?

Back 32

Bleeding.Bones sticking through the skin.Check for pulse.(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 1-6 / PDF 21)

Front 33

What are some signs of a closed fracture?

Back 33

Swelling.Discoloration.Deformity.Unusual body position.Check for pulse.(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 1-6 / PDF 21)

Front 34

With an open fracture, what should you do first?

Back 34

Stop the bleeding

Front 35

What is the basic proven principle in splinting fractures?

Back 35

Splint them where they lie"

Front 36

How tight should tourniquet be?

Back 36

Tightened until the bright red bleeding has stopped.

Front 37

What are the three types of bleeding?

Back 37

Arterial- Blood is bright red and will spurt with each heart beatVenous- Blood is dark red and flows in a steady streamCapillary- Blood oozes from the wound

Front 38

Name 4 common points for checking pulse

Back 38

Carotid- The side of the neckFemoral- The groinRadial- The wristPosterial Tibial- Ankle(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 2-19 / PDF 46)

Front 39

What are some signs/symptoms of shock?

Back 39

Clammy skin (cool, pale and damp)Restlessness and nervousnessThirstLoss of bloodConfusionFast breathingNausea or vomitingBlotched or bluish skin (especially around the mouth and lips)Often perspires freelyMay pass out

Front 40

What is the treatment for shock?

Back 40

“P.E.L.C.R.N.” (Pronounced Pell-Crin)Position the casualty on their backElevate the LegsLoosen clothing at neck waist or wherever it is bindingClimatize (prevent too hot or too cold)Reassure (keep the casualty calm)Notify medical personnel (Help, Get a medic!!)

Front 41

What is a heat injury?

Back 41

A loss of water and salt, loss of sweat while personnel work in the heat, a generaldehydration of the body

Front 42

What is the greatest preventive measure for disease?

Back 42

Cleanliness

Front 43

How do you stop bleeding?

Back 43

Apply a field dressingManual pressureElevate the limbApply a pressure dressingDigital PressureApply a tourniquet

Front 44

What is CPR?

Back 44

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, it is used to restore a heart beat

Front 45

When can measures taken to restore breathing in an individual be discontinued?

Back 45

When a doctor tells you to stopWhen others relieve youWhen you cannot physically continueWhen the casualty starts to breath on his own

Front 46

What is AIDS?

Back 46

AIDS is the end stage of the HIV infection. At this point, the virus has attacked andweakened a person's immune system

Front 47

Name two types of rescue breathing

Back 47

Mouth to mouthMouth to nose

Front 48

What do the letters AIDS stand for?

Back 48

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Front 49

When should a casualty not be placed in the shock position?

Back 49

5 to 10 minutes

Front 50

What should you do prior to leaving an unconscious casualty?

Back 50

Turn their head to the side to prevent them from choking on their own vomit

Front 51

When should a tourniquet be used to stop bleeding?

Back 51

As a last resort when everything else has failed or when an arm or leg has been severedoff

Front 52

What does COLD stand for?

Back 52

It is a key word in cold weather protection, it stands for Keep it CLEAN, AvoidOVERHEATING, Wear it LOOSE and in layers and Keep it DRY

Front 53

What are the 8 steps in evaluating a casualty?

Back 53

Check for:ResponsivenessBreathingPulseBleedingShockFracturesBurnsPossible concussions (head injuries)

Front 54

What is the first indication of frostbite?

Back 54

Skin becomes numb and white particles/patches form on it

Front 55

What do you do to treat frostbite?

Back 55

Remove clothing from the affected area, warm with body heat, dress the area and seekadditional medical help

Front 56

When should an airtight dressing be applied to a sucking chest wound?

Back 56

As the individual breathes out(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 3-5 / PDF 61)

Front 57

How should you position a casualty with an open abdominal wound?

Back 57

On his back with his knees up to relieve abdominal pressure(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 3-7 / PDF 64)

Front 58

What do you do with exposed abdominal organs?

Back 58

Wrap them in dry clean material and place on top of the abdomen (never try to put themback in)(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 3-7 / PDF 65)

Front 59

How do you take the Carotid pulse?

Back 59

Carotid pulse. To check the carotid pulse, feel for a pulse on the side of the casualty’sneck closest to you. This is done by placing the tips of your first two fingers beside hisAdam’s apple.(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 1-3 / PDF 14)

Front 60

In reference to carrying a casualty, what are the two-man methods?

Back 60

Two-Man Support CarryTwo-Man Arms CarryTwo-Man Fore-and Aft-CarryFour-Hand Seat CarryTwo-Hand Seat Carry(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / B-8 / PDF 191)

Front 61

In reference to carrying a casualty, what are the one-man methods?

Back 61

Fireman's carrySupporting carryArms CarrySaddleback carryPack-strap carryPistol belt carryPistol belt dragNeck dragLBE Carry Using Bearers LBELBE Carry UsingCasualty’s LBECradle Drop Drag(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / B-8 / PDF 191)

Front 62

Should you put any medication or cream on a burn?

Back 62

No(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 3-9 / PDF 71)

Front 63

Name the four types of burns

Back 63

ThermalElectricalChemicalLaser(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 3-8 / PDF – 67)

Front 64

What is the primary objective in the treatment of burns?

Back 64

Lessen or prevent shock and infection

Front 65

What are the three categories used in medical evacuation?

Back 65

Urgent- within 2 hoursPriority- within 4 hoursRoutine- within 24 hours

Front 66

What is the first aid procedure for a white phosphorous casualty?

Back 66

Smother the flame by submerging the affected area in water or pack with mud. Thenremove the particles by brushing or picking them out(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 7-13 / PDF 168)

Front 67

What is the first step in the first aid of a burn victim?

Back 67

Smother the flame by submerging the affected area in water or pack with mud. Thenremove the particles by brushing or picking them out(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 7-13 / PDF 168)

Front 68

What is the first step in the first aid of a burn victim?

Back 68

Remove the casualty from the source of the burn(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 3-9 / PDF 68)

Front 69

What are the 2 prescribed methods for opening an airway?

Back 69

The jaw thrustHead tilt/chin lift methods(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 2-2 / PDF 23)

Front 70

What is the major cause of tooth decay and gum disease?

Back 70

Dental plaque

Front 71

What are the 9 mild symptoms of nerve agent poisoning?

Back 71

Unexplained runny noseUnexplained headacheSudden droolingDifficulty seeing (dimness of vision and miosis)Tightness in the chest or difficulty in breathingLocalized sweating and muscular twitching in the area of contaminated skinStomach crampsNauseaTachycardia followed by bradycardia (Tachycardia is an abnormally rapid heartbeatwth a heart rate of over 100 beats per minute. Bradycardia is a slow heart rate of lessthan 60 beats per minute)(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 7-7 / PDF 151)

Front 72

What are the 11 severe symptoms of nerve agent poisoning?

Back 72

Strange or confused behavior.Wheezing, dyspnea (difficulty in breathing), and coughing.Severely pinpointed pupils.Red eyes with tearing.Vomiting.Severe muscular twitching and general weakness.Involuntary urination and defecation.Convulsions.Unconsciousness.Respiratory failure.Bradycardia.(FM 4-25.11 Dec 2002 / 7-7 / PDF 151)