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98 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What manual covers "First Aid"? |
FM 4–25.11
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What is self–aid?
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Emergency treatment one applies to oneself
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Name some of the items that you might use as a splint from your military equipment
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Rifle
Entrenching tool Tent poles and stakes Web belt |
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What is the quickest way to splint a broken leg?
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Tie the broken leg securely to the unbroken leg
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How many pressure points, which can be used to control bleeding with fingers, thumbs or hands are there on the human body
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11
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What is the objective of first aid?
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1. To stop bleeding
2. Overcome shock 3. Relieve pain 4. Prevent infection |
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What is first aid?
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It is the first care given to casualties before trearment by medical personnel can be made available
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What is the unique feature of type "O" blood?
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It is a universal donor
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When would you not remove a casualty's clothing to expose a wound?
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If in a chemical environment or if the clothing is stuck to the wound
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What Soldiers are most likely to suffer heat injuries?
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Soldiers not accustomed to the heat, overweight Soldiers, prior heat casualties, and Soldiers already dehydrated due to alcohol use, diarrhea, or lack of water
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How high should an injured limb be elevated above the hear to control bleeding?
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2 to 4 inches
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What are the lifesaving steps?
(The ABC's of medical treatment) |
1. Open the airway and restore breathing
2. Stop the bleeding / Protect the wound 3. Prevent shock |
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When applying splint, where should the bandages be tied?
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The bandages should be tied with knots against the splint
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Whose first aid dressing should be used on a casualty?
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Use the casualty's field dressing
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How should the ends of an improved pressure dressing be tied?
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Tie the ends together in a nonslip knot, directly over the wound site. Do not tie so tightly that is has a tourniquet like effect
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What is manual pressure?
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Pressure applied by placing a hand on the dressing and exerting firm pressure for 5 to 10 minutes. The casualty may be asked to do this himself if he is consicous and can follow instructions
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Should a casualty be given water to drink?
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No
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Why would you dress and bandage the wound as soon as possible?
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To protect the wound from further contamination of germs, and also to control the bleeding
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What should you do to indicate that a casualty has received a tourniquet?
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Mark the casualty's forehead with a "T" and if possible, note the time of the application of the tourniquet
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Should you ever remove or loosen a tourniquet?
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No, only qualified medical personnel can do that
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Where is a tourniquet applied?
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Around the limb, between the would and the body drunk
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How can you prevent athlete's foot?
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Keep your feet clean
Use foot powder Change socks daily |
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Name 3 categories of heat injuries
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1. Heat crap
2. Heat exhaustion 3. Heat stroke |
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What are the signs and sympton of heat cramps?
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–Cramping in the extremities
–Abdominal cramps –Excessive sweating |
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What is the treatment for heat cramps? |
1. Move the casualty to a cool and shady area.
2. Loosen the casualty's clothing (If not in a chemical environment) 3. Have the casualty slowly drink at least one canteen full of water 4. Seek medical assistance should cramps continue |
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What are the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion? |
–Excessive sweating with pale, moist, cool skin |
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What manual covers "First Aid"?
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FM 4–25.11
|
|
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What is self–aid?
|
Emergency treatment one applies to oneself
|
|
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Name some of the items that you might use as a splint from your military equipment
|
Rifle
Entrenching tool Tent poles and stakes Web belt |
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What is the quickest way to splint a broken leg?
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Tie the broken leg securely to the unbroken leg
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How many pressure points, which can be used to control bleeding with fingers, thumbs or hands are there on the human body
|
11
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|
What is the objective of first aid?
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1. To stop bleeding
2. Overcome shock 3. Relieve pain 4. Prevent infection |
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What is first aid?
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It is the first care given to casualties before trearment by medical personnel can be made available
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What is the unique feature of type "O" blood?
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It is a universal donor
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When would you not remove a casualty's clothing to expose a wound?
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If in a chemical environment or if the clothing is stuck to the wound
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What Soldiers are most likely to suffer heat injuries?
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Soldiers not accustomed to the heat, overweight Soldiers, prior heat casualties, and Soldiers already dehydrated due to alcohol use, diarrhea, or lack of water
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How high should an injured limb be elevated above the hear to control bleeding?
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2 to 4 inches
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What are the lifesaving steps?
(The ABC's of medical treatment) |
1. Open the airway and restore breathing
2. Stop the bleeding / Protect the wound 3. Prevent shock |
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When applying splint, where should the bandages be tied?
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The bandages should be tied with knots against the splint
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Whose first aid dressing should be used on a casualty?
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Use the casualty's field dressing
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How should the ends of an improved pressure dressing be tied?
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Tie the ends together in a nonslip knot, directly over the wound site. Do not tie so tightly that is has a tourniquet like effect
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What is manual pressure?
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Pressure applied by placing a hand on the dressing and exerting firm pressure for 5 to 10 minutes. The casualty may be asked to do this himself if he is consicous and can follow instructions
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Should a casualty be given water to drink?
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No
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Why would you dress and bandage the wound as soon as possible?
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To protect the wound from further contamination of germs, and also to control the bleeding
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What should you do to indicate that a casualty has received a tourniquet?
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Mark the casualty's forehead with a "T" and if possible, note the time of the application of the tourniquet
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Should you ever remove or loosen a tourniquet?
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No, only qualified medical personnel can do that
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Where is a tourniquet applied?
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Around the limb, between the would and the body drunk
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How can you prevent athlete's foot?
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Keep your feet clean
Use foot powder Change socks daily |
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Name 3 categories of heat injuries
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1. Heat crap
2. Heat exhaustion 3. Heat stroke |
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What are the signs and sympton of heat cramps?
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–Cramping in the extremities
–Abdominal cramps –Excessive sweating |
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What is the treatment for heat cramps?
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1. Move the casualty to a cool and shady area.
2. Loosen the casualty's clothing (If not in a chemical environment) 3. Have the casualty slowly drink at least one canteen full of water 4. Seek medical assistance should cramps continue |
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What are the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion?
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–Excessive sweating with pale, moist, cool skin
–Headache –Weakness –Dizziness –Loss of appetite –Cramping –Nausea –Urge to defecate –Chills –Rapid breathing –Tingling of hands/feet –Confusion |
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What would the treatment be for heat exhaustion?
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1. Move the casualty to a cool, shady area
2. Loosen or remove his clothing and boots; pour water on him and fan him 3. Have him slowly drink at least one canteen of water 4. Elevate his legs 5. If possible, the casualty should not participate in strenuous activity for the remainder of the day 6. Monitor the casualty until the symptoms are gone, or medical assistance arrives |
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What are the signs and symptoms of heat stroke?
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–Skin is red, hot and dry
–Weakness –Dizziness –Confusion –Headaches –Seizures –Nausea –Stomach pains or cramps –Respiration and pulse may be rapid and weak –Unconsciousness and collapse may occur suddenly |
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What would the treatment be for heat stroke?
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Cool the casualty by:
1. Move the casualty to a cool, shady area 2. Loosen or remove his clothing and boots; pour water on him and fan him 3. Massaging his extremities and skin, which increases the blood flow to those body areas, thus aiding the cooling process 4. Elevate his legs 5. Having him slowly drink at least one canteen full of water if he is conscious 6. Seek medical assistance immediately |
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If a casualty were suspected of having a neck/spinal injury or severe head trauma, which method would you use for opening an airway?
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The jaw thrust technique, because in most cases it can be done without extending the neck
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What are two basic types of fractures?
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Simple and Compound
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What are some signs of an compound fracture?
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–Bleeding
–Bones sticking through the skin |
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What are some signs of a simple fracture?
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–Swelling
–Discoloration –Deformity –Unusual body position |
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With a compound fracture, what should you do first?
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Stop the bleeding
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What is the basic proven principle in splinting a fracture?
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Splint them where they lie
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How tight should a tourniquet be?
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Tightened until the bright red bleeding has stopped
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What are the three types of bleeding?
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1. Arterial – Blood is bright red and will spurt with each heart beat
2. Venous– Blood is dark red and flows in a steady stream 3. Capillary – Blood oozes from the wound |
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Name four common points for checking pulse
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1. Carotid – The side of the neck
2. Femoral – The groin 3. Radial – The wrist 4. Posterial Tibial – The Ankle |
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What are some signs/symptoms of shock?
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–Clammy skin
–Restlessness and nervousness –Thirst –Loss of blood –Confusion –Fast breathing –Nausea or vomiting –Blotched or bluish skin |
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What is the treatment for shock?
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PELCRN:
Position the casualty on their back Elevate the legs Loosen clothing at neck or waist Climatize Reassure Notify medical personnel |
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What is heat injury?
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A loss of water and salt, loss of sweat while personnel work in the heat, a general dehydration of the body
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What is the greatest preventive measure for disease?
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Cleanliness
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How do you stop bleeding?
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–Apply a field dressing
–Manual pressure –Elevate the limb –Apply a pressure dressing –Digital pressure –Apply a tourniquet |
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What is CPR?
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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, it is used to restore a heart beat
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When can measures taken to restore breathing in an individual be discontinued?
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–When a doctor tells you to stop
–When others relieve you –When you cannot physically continue –When the casualty starts to breath on his own |
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What does AIDS stand for??
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Autoimmune Deficiency Syndrome
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What is AIDS?
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AIDS is the end stage of the HIV infection
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Name two tupes of rescue breathing
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1. Mouth to mouth
2. Mouth to nose |
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When should a casualty not be placed in the shock position?
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When the casualty has a:
Head injury Abdominal wound Unsplinted fractured leg |
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How long is direct manual pressure applied to control bleeding?
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Five to ten minutes
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What should you do prior to leaving an unconscious casualty?
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Turn their head to the side to prevent them from choking on their own vomit
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When should a tourniquet be used to stop bleeding?
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As a last resort when everything else has failed or when an arm or leg has been severed off
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What does COLD stand for?
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Keep it CLEAN
Avoid OVERHEATING Wear it LOOSE and in layers Keep it DRY |
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What are the eight steps in evaluating a casualty?
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Check for:
Responsiveness Breathing Pulse Bleeding Shock Fractures Burns Possible concussions |
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What is the first indication of frostbite?
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Skin becomes numb and white particles/patches form on it
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What do you do to treat frostbite?
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Remove clothing from the affected area, warm body with body heat, dress the area and seek additional medical help
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When should an airtight dressing be applied to a sucking chest wound?
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As the individual breaths out
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How should you position a casualty with an open abdominal wound?
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On his back with his knees up to relieve abdominal pressure
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What do you do with exposed abdominal organs?
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Wrap them in dry clean material and place on top of the abdomen
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How do you take the Carotid pulse?
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Feel for a pulse on the side of the casualty's neck closest to you by placing the tips of your first two fingers beside his Adam's apple
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In reference to carrying a casualty, what are the two–man methods?
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Two–Man support carry
Two–Man arms carry Two–Man fore and aft carry Four–Hand seat carry Two–hand seat carry |
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What are some of the one–man carry methods?
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Fireman's carry
Supporting carry Arms carry Saddleback carry Pack–strap carry Pistol belt carry Bistol belt drag Neck drag Cradle drop drag |
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Should you put any medication or cream on a burn?
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No
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Name the four types of burns
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1. Thermal
2. Electrical 3. Chemical 4. Laser |
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What is the primary objective in the treatment of burns?
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Lessen or prevent shock and infection
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What are the three categories used in medical evacuation?
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1. Urgent – within 2 hours
2. Priority – within 4 hours 3. Routine – within 24 hours |
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What is the first aid procedure for a white phosphorous casualty?
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Smother the flame by submerging the affected area in water or pack with mud. Then remove the particles by brushing or picking them out
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What is the first step in the first aid of a burn victim?
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Remove the casualty from the source of the burn
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What are the two prescribed methods for opening an airway?
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1. The jaw thrust
2. Head tilt/chin left methods |
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What is the major cause of tooth decay and gum disease?
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Dental plaque
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What are the nine mild symptoms of nerve agent poisoning?
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1. Unexplained runny nose
2. Unexplained headache 3. Sudden drooling 4. Difficulty seeing 5. Tightness in the chest or difficulty in breathing 6. localized sweating and muscular twitching in the area of contaminated skin 7. Stomach cramps 8. Nausea 9. Tachycardia followed by bradycardia |
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What are the eleven severe symptoms of nerve agent poisoning?
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1. Strange or confused behavior |
