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30 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Exothermic reaction

Chemical reaction that releases energy (temperature gets up, increases). ex. combustion.

Endothermic reaction

Chemical reaction that absorbs energy (temperature gets down, decreases) ex. photosynthesis.

Valence Electrons

Electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom; they determine an element's chemical properties (reactivity).

Metal

Element that is malleable, ductile, good conductor of heat and electricity, and generally has a shiny luster.

Nonmetal

Elements that are usually gases or brittle solids and poor conductors of heat and electricity; are the bases of the chemicals of life.

Metalloids

Elements that has characteristics of both: metals and nonmetals, solids at room temperature and are semiconductors.

Organic Compound

Compounds that are usually come organisms. They always have Carbon but may contain other elements like Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur and Phosphorous. CHON P S

Chemical formula

A way of describing the number of atoms that makes up one molecule of a compound.

Compound

A pure substance made of 2 or more elements bonded together chemically, and cannot be separated by chemical means.

Chemical reaction

Change that takes place when 2 or more substances (reactants) interact to form new substances (products).

Chemical equation

A way of writing changes in the arrangement of atoms during a chemical reaction, using chemical symbols.

Element

Natural pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler materials and has unique properties.

Coefficient

In a chemical equation, the number placed in front of a chemical formula to balance the equation. Determine the number of molecules.

Subscript

Is a number that appears smaller than the normal line and indicates the number of atoms of that element in the compound.

Reactants

Compounds or elements that change during a chemical reaction. Found before the arrow.

Products

Compounds or elements that are the result of a chemical reaction. Found after the arrow.

Chemical digestion

Process that uses enzymes to breaks large food molecules into smaller molecules that can be taken in by cells, changing the composition.

Mechanical digestion

Process of breaking food into smaller pieces by chewing and mashing, without changing the composition.

Periodic Table

Chart where all the elements are organized into periods and groups according to their properties. Table arranged by atomic number.

Periods

A row of elements in the Periodic table, elements in the same period share the same number of energy levels.

Groups

Column of elements in the Periodic table, in which elements have certain properties in common, mainly chemical.

Alkaline metals

Elements in group 1 in the Periodic table, that are highly reactive metals, and do not occur freely in nature.

Halogens

5 highly reactive nonmetallic elements found in group 17 of the Periodic table, that are "salt formers".

Noble Gases

Elements in group 18 with similar properties: odorless, colorless monatomic gases, stable that occur naturally.

Atom

A very small particle that makes up most kinds of matter and consists of smaller parts called subatomic particles.

Atomic number

Number of protons in the nucleus of each atom of a given element; the top number in the Periodic table. A

Atomic Mass

Average mass of an atom of an element; sum of protons and neutrons in an atom. M

Proton

Positively charge particle located in the nucleus of an atom and that is counted to identify the atomic number. P

Neutron

Uncharged particle located in the nucleus of an atom. N

Electron

Invisible, negatively charged particle located in a cloudlike formation that surrounds the nucleus of an atom. E