Architecture

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3,000 to 900 BC In ancient Egypt, powerful rulers constructed monumental pyramids, temples, and shrines.

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Ancient Egypt

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850 BC to 476 AD From the rise of ancient Greece until the fall of the Roman empire, great buildings were constructed according to precise rules.

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Classical

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373 to 500 AD. European architecture moved from the rectangular basilica forms to the classically inspired Byzantine style.

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Early Christian and Medieval

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500 to 1200 AD As Rome spread across Europe, heavier, stocky Romanesque architecture with rounded arches emerged.

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Romanesque

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1100 to 1450 AD Innovative builders created the great cathedrals of Europe.

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Gothic

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1400 to 1600 AD A return to classical ideas ushered an "age of "awakening" in Italy, France, and England.

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Renaissance

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1600 to 1830 AD In Italy, this style is reflected in opulent and dramatic churches with irregular shapes and extravagant ornamentation. In France, this highly ornamented style combines with Classical restraint. Russian aristorcrats were impressed by Versailles in France, and incorporated this style's ideas in the building of St. Petersburg.

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Baroque

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1650 to 1790 AD During the last phase of the Baroque period, builders constructed graceful white buildings with sweeping curves.

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Rococo

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1600 to 1780 AD European settlers in the New World borrowed ideas from their homelands to create their own breed of architecture.

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American Colonial

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1720 to 1800 AD This style was a stately, symmetrical style that dominated in Great Britain and Ireland and influenced building styles in the American colonies.

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Georgian

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1730 to 1925 AD A renewed interest in ideas of Renaissance architect Andrea Palladio inspired a return of classical shapes in Europe, Great Britain and the United States.

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Neoclassical / Federalist / Idealist

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1790 to 1850 AD These classical buildings and homes often feature columns, pediments and other details inspired by Greek forms. Antebellum homes in the American south were often built in the Greek Revival style.

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Greek Revival

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1840 to 1900 AD Industrialization brought many innovations in architecture. This style's styles include Gothic Revival, Italianate, Stick, Eastlake, Queen Anne, Romanesque and Second Empire.

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Victorian

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1860 to 1900 AD This style was a late 19th-century backlash against the forces of industrialization. This style's movement revived an interest in handicrafts and sought a spiritual connection with the surrounding environment, both natural and manmade. The Craftsman Bungalow evolved from this style's movement.

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Arts and Crafts

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1890 to 1914 AD Known as the New Style, this style was first expressed in fabrics and graphic design. The style spread to architecture and furniture in the 1890s. This style's buildings often have asymmetrical shapes, arches and decorative surfaces with curved, plant-like designs.

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Art Nouveau

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1895 to 1925 AD Also known as Academic Classicism, or Classical Revival, this style's architecture is characterized by order, symmetry, formal design, grandiosity, and elaborate ornamentation.

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Beaux Arts

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1905 to 1930 AD In the early twentieth century, medieval Gothic ideas were applied to modern skyscrapers.

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Neo-Gothic

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1925 to 1937 AD Zigzag patterns and vertical lines create dramatic effect on these jazz-age buildings.

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Art Deco