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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Baron Cuvier
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Fossil collector who pushed the idea of "Catastrophism"
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Raymond Dart
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Discovered and described the Taung Child-Australopithecus africanus.
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Eugene Dubois
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Discovered fossils in Java, first known as Pithecanthropus erectus and later as homo erectus.
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Louis and Mary Leakey
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Associated with fossil finds such as Zinjanthropus, and Laetoli footprints.
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Charles Lyell
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Wrote Principles of Geology and proposed the idea of "uniforitatianism" to explain geologic changes in the past.
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Sven Nilsson
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Suggested that humankind went through 4 stages of development: Stone Age, Pastoral Age, Agricultural Stage, and Civilization.
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Lewis Binford
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Published a series of papers in the 1960's that called for archaeology to become more "scientific", and is associated with the beginning of processual archaeology.
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Homo Habilis is associated with what tool?
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Oldowan ( stone tools used by prehistoric Hominins during the Lower Paleolithic)
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A METHOD for making stone tools...?
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Levalloisian (distinctive type of stone knapping developed by humans during the Palaeolithic period.)
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Neanderthal is associated with which tool type..?
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Mousterian (predominantly flint tools (or industry) associated primarily with Homo neanderthalensis and dating to the Middle Paleolithic, the middle part of the Old Stone Age.)
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Homo erectus (ergaster) is associated with which tool type (and this type is not associated with homo habilis)...?
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Acheulean (stone tool manufacture associated with early humans during the Lower Palaeolithic era across Africa and much of West Asia and Europe. )
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Who was the linguist who deciphered the hieroglyphic writing on the Rosetta Stone?
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Jean-Francois Champollion
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The scientific approach to modern archaeology, which involves formulating hypotheses and testing them by gathering data is referred to as...?
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Processual Archaeology
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T or F: Only anthropologists do archaeology.
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FALSE
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Archaeology that is primarily concerned with the Pleistocene is...?
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Prehistoric Archaeology
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Archaeology that is primarily concerned with Greek and Roman civilizations...?
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Classical Archaeology
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A hoax perpetrated, perhaps, by Charles Dawson in England that claimed the discovery of an ape-like fossil.
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Piltdown Man
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Studies the past by controlled and directed replication of artifacts and features.
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Experimental Archaeology
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Analysis of living human groups to gain insight into the life ways of past human groups.
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Ethnoarchaeology
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All the ARTIFACTS and ECOFACTS collected from a site constitute..?
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An assemblage
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Software that analyzes spatially based information...?
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Geographic Information System
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Soil that has been created by human action..?
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Anthropogenic
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Angkor Wat, Cambodia
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Capital of the Khmer Empire
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What is Hydrology?
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The study of the action and process of water
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What is Inhumation?
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Burial.
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What is a Midden?
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A garbage heap.
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What is an Ossuary?
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A vessel or room for bones.
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What is Primary Context?
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Something lying in its original position.
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What is Manuport?
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Object transported to a site that, strictly speaking, is not an artifact.
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What is Secondary Context?
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An object that has been moved from its original position.
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What are Casual Tools?
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Tools rarely recognized as such in the archaeological record.
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What is a Composite Tool?
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Tools that contain multiple parts.
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What is an Artifact?
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Tools, ornaments, or objects manufactured by people.
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What is a Feature?
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Non-portable objects used or constructed by people.
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Approach in which archaeological interpretations become narratives, or stories archaeologists tell about the past...?
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Postprocessual Archaeology
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A theoretical framework based on the idea that human social life is a response to the practical problems of earthly existence...?
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Cultural Materialism.
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An archaeological analysis of living peoples to gain insight into peoples of the past...?
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Ethnoarchaeology.
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Sometime called the "New Archaeology" it marks the shift from a historical approach in archaeology to a scientific approach...?
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Processual Archaeology.
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According to the Madaba Plains Manual, excavation is to be done in...?
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5X5 meter squares.
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Tall or Tells, are...?
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Mounds covering archaeological sites.
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The most important thing to remember while doing archaeology is to...?
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Keep accurate records.
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Near the end of the Pleistocene, a corridor between the glaciers opened up from Alaska to the lower part of North America. About when did this happen?
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20,000 years ago
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The best way to find archaeological sites is to...?
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-Consult historical documents
-Talk to people -Satellite/aerial photography -Go out and look |
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in situ mean...?
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Discovering artifacts in place.
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Ground penetrating radar is?
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used for remote sensing.
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A Datum point is ...?
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The reference point for an archaeological site.
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A Provenience is...?
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The actual spatial location of an artifact in a site relative to the reference point.
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What is a Trench...?
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excavation units that are 1 to several meters wide and as long as necessary.
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What is the Standard Excavation Unit...?
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In the US, 1 or 2 meter squares make up a unit.
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A Curation is...?
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Managing of the data collected in the field.
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Statistical Sample....?
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The random selection of units for excavation.
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Test-level excavation...?
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Guided by surface features or collections, this type of excavation consists of digging pits to see what is there.
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Surface Collection...?
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Systematic retrieval of artifacts exposed on the ground.
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In order to do archaeology on federal or state owned land in the United States, you must have...:
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An archaeology permit
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After an archaeological project is completed, it is a professional obligation for the archaeologist to...?
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Report and publish the findings...
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