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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Political Formations: -band -tribe -chiefdom -state |
band: autonomous foraging groups tribe: autonomous (self dependent) kin groups with internal hierarchies (tend to be foragers/hunter-gatherers) chiefdom: politically ranked kin groups (people can rule or they cannot) state: bureaucratic political decision making to control large populations *very Euro/anglo centric *terms are pejorative
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State |
Form of political organization Urban: form of settlement distribution and hierarchy Civilization: ambiguous term (useless term because it's hard to define) |
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Qualitative attributes of states |
-Bureaucracy (specialized decision making to serve specific tasks) -three or more tiers of administrative settlements -palaces & royal tombs -states control force, they monopolize it
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Bureaucratic decision making |
-institutionalized hierarchy -transcends kinship (people don't have to be related to each other) |
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3+ years of administration |
-Federal, State, County, City
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Royal Tombs and palaces |
-not something we see that much today -to have royal residences on a large scales -large mobilization of labor for private interests
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Monopoly on coercive force |
-frequently advertised
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Quantitative attributes of states |
-often multi-ethnic/lingual - populations in hundreds/thousands/millions -domains often several days from capital |
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Case: Shaka and the formation of the Zulu state |
-origins in West Africa (Bantu speakers) -spread to cone of Africa -horticulturists -warring chiefdoms-innovative warfare -earlier Zulu warfare ) -initial conquest -invested in standing army, capital, legitimacy -claimed Zulu had genealogical supremacy
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Case: Kamehameha, Hawaii |
-not in the direct line of the throne (not illegitimate) -number of chiefdoms -head priest for the war god -contact with the British and Captain Cook (1787) -leaves muskets with Kamehameha ("shock and awe")
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Hawaiian heiau |
hai: to sacrifice range from upright stones |
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Manipulation of religion - tapu (taboo) |
-only Hawaiians can own land -land can be taken away from them
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Common processes and strategies |
-Charismatic leaders and competing chiefdoms -conquests and advertising power -legitimization of rule/hierarchy -diplomacy and giving in return (infrastructure) |
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Collase |
cultural collapse |
