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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gunpowder history |
introduced to Europe in 13th from china made of 15% charcoal, 10% sulphur, 75% potassium nitrate Rapid combustion in compressed chamber, not impact sensitive Smokey until late 19th C. |
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Early Modern guns? |
Smooth bore, not great aim, good for spray shots, muzzle loaded, could be loaded with on large lead ball or multiple smaller ones |
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Rifling |
in 1500s created grooves in barrel to put a spin on bullets and give better aim |
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Ball shots |
all gunpowder weapons used lead ballshots until 1850s/60s could be made at home because doesn't have a high melting temp
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Ignition |
Earliest guns (1300s) had hot wire shoved into a hole in barrel
Matchlocks in 1400s - touch a fuse to powder sitting in a pan |
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Wheel lock |
made in 1500s crank a handle, wind up spring, pull trigger, which rotates against iron pyrite chunk to creak spark. |
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Flint lock |
made in early 1600s priming powder in a pan, frizzen covers pan, trigger throws arm with flint to strike frizzen and creates spark, ignites powder in pan |
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Gun flints |
made by flint knapper (flint is very hard sedimentary rock) have a distinct squarish shape |
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Caplock guns/percussion caps? |
discovered in early 19th C that mercury fulminate explodes with struck sharply, put in little brass caps popular towards 1830s place cap over chamber and drop hammer on it, bam. No need for powder, used lead ball with this |
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Breech loading guns |
Don't load from muzzle, load a barrel, replaces muzzle loading guns by 1880s However First Nations still liked the Flint lock guns |
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Cartridges? |
1850-60s combined bullet with powder, primer in one item insert in barrel |
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Pinfire cartridge |
1850s-1880s early single shot cartridge had pin in the side of cartridge |
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Rimfire cartridge |
invented 1857 had mercury fulminate primer loose inside base, then powder, then bullet Hammer hits the rear of the rim of bullet and ignites primer |
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Centrefire cartridge |
made 1870s has separate little primer built into centre, firing pin hits this to ignite |
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Calibre |
the size of the cartridge diameter of the bore of the bullet in hundredths of an inch |
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Smokeless gunpowder |
made end of 19th C has nitro-cellulose additive more explosive |
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Shotshells |
for shot gun hold pellets, form of centrefire cartridge sizes by guage (larger the gauge number, the smaller it is) |
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Wheel lock (invented 1500s) |
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Flintlock (invented 1600s) |
