Arch 350 Midterm 1 Key Works

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Gobekli Tepe southeastern Turkey 9,000 BCE

not a settlement, nomadic peoples. not near water and non-agricultural people.

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Catalhöyük Turkey 7400-6000 BCE

clusters of houses, no streets. move around on roofs. evidence of grain. early form of urbanization

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Jericho Palestine 7000 BCE

used cyclopean masonry. written presence in the bible. used a wall as fortification.

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Banpo Village Xia'an, China 5000-4000 BCE

differentiation of building types found in settlement. pottery = work specialization.

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Skara Brae Orkney, Scotland 3000 BCE

compressive stone construction which made it fire resistant.

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Musgum mud huts Cameroon, Africa 17th c BCE

patterns on wall are not decoration but rather act to channel the water off the sides and allows for climbing up the sides.

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Passage tomb Newgrange, Ireland 3,000 BCE

oriented so during the winter solstice light would penetrate to the center.

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Monumental circle Stonehenge, England 3,000 BCE

Not simple post and lentil construction, used mortise and tenon. proves the stones were worked and shaped.

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Ziggurat of Ur-Nammu Ur, Mesopotamia (iraq) 2100 BCE

construction included openings for water to leave. solid mass of mud brick, didnt include occupy-able space.

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Great Bath Mohenjo-Daro, Indus Valley, Pakistan 2500 BCE

used tightly cut mud brick and bitumen mortar to create water-tight seal.

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Housing Mohenjo-Daro, Indus Valley, Pakistan 2500 BCE

built on man made platform to protect against flooding. planned according to cardinal directions. wide streets. elaborate drainage system

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Mortuary Complex of Zoser saqqara, Egypt 2650 BCE (architect: Imhotep)

includes 15 "entrances" but only 1 is real. ashwar masonry (finished, regular limestone)

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Stepped pyramid of Djoser mortuary complex of Zoser saqqara, Egypt 2650 BCE

architecture of mass, no doors or windows. no scale to human body

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Pyramid Complex Giza, Egypt 2600 BCE

included series of mastabas around pyramids for people close to Pharoah to be buried.

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Pyramid of Khufu pyramid complex, Giza, Egypt, 2600 BCE

solid mass. not meant to be occupied. immense amount of materials used.

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Villa Armana, Egypt 1400 BCE

heirarchical, for higher status people. used plants to create lush environment. decorated using red doors.

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Worker Housing Armana, Egypt 1400 BCE

used party walls. constructed in mud brick which absorbs heat to cool off during day but release heat at night.

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Tomb-Workers' housing Deir el-Medina, Egypt 1500 BCE

Workers built tombs for themselves near where they lived. nestled in natural ampitheatre makes for more organic shape.

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Workers' tombs Deir el-Medina, Egypt 1500 BCE

necropolis next to their settlement. crafted by the workers themselves for themselves.

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Hatshepsut's Mortuary Temple Deir el-Bahari, Egypt 1480 BCE

not buried here. not a tomb. used for worship instead. features axes and voids

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Temple of Amon-Ra Karnak, Egypt 1525 BCE

sequence of open and solid created movement toward the more sacred

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Temple/Palace or Knossos Crete, Greece 1450 BCE

evidence of a matriarchal social structure. dolphin mosaics evidence of sea-faring culture

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Lions gate and walls Mycenae, Greece 1250 BCE

lions gate served as the major entry. used corbelled arch.

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Tholos tomb (treasury of Atreus) mycenae, greece 1250 BCE

designers tried to make it more sky-like by adding bronze rosettes to the dome's surface

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Solomon's temple Jerusalem, Israel 900-100 BCE

contained arc of covenant.

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Western Wall temple mount, Jerusalem, Israel 19 BCE

most holy place. still used as a place to pray

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Ishtar Gate and Wall New babylon, iraq 570 BCE

completely reconstructed using accounts from biblical texts. blue stone (glazed)

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Entemenanki Tower new Babylon, Iraq 570 BCE

ziggurat in the image of Ur. 7 stage ziggurat for the 7 heavens.

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Royal palace complex Persepolis, Iran 500 BCE

gateway carved out of a single large slab of stone instead of post and lintel construction. biforcated switchback stairs.

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Tomb of the Hut Necropolis of baditaccia, cerveteri, Italy 400 BCE

earliest of the tombs at the necropolis

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Tomb of the painted relief necropolis of banditaccia, cerveteri, Italy 400 BCE

carved out benches for the bodies. "bed" decorated with items to be "taken" with in afterlife

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Portonaccio Etruscan temple Veii, Italy 500 BCE

Terra cotta tiles on eaves to protect wooden structure

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Qin great wall China 200 BCE

symbolic of a unified china

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Funerary Complex at Lishan Xia'an, China 210 BCE

9,000 life-size soldiers standing in formation "protecting"

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Typical courtyard house Pingyao, China 100 CE

modular, repetition. vernacular. symmetrical but not axial.