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94 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What was the date of the Enabling Act ? |
23rd of March 1933 |
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When did the Weimar Republic begin and end ? |
Began in 1918 and ended in 1933 |
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Why was the Weimar Republic restricted to what it could do to help Germany ? |
Kaiser's advisers had stayed in their positions so didn't agree with the Weimar Republic's plans |
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When did the first free elections of the Weimar Republic take place and who won the election ? |
In January 1919, and Elbert had won |
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What was the Kapp Putsch ? |
Dr Wolfgang Kapp led 5,000 Freikorps into Berlin for a rebellion against the Weimar Republic
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True or false, the Freikorps were a communist group |
False |
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Name the 2 Spartacists leaders |
-Karl Kiebkneckt -Rosa Luxemburg |
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In what year did Hitler pick up ideas such as hared for the Jews ? |
Around 1907 |
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What happened to Hitler in 1921? |
He became leader of the Nazi Party
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When did the Munich Putsch happen, and why ? |
In November 1923, and because he thought he could return Germany back to its previous greater-self |
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How many people were unemployed in Germany in 1932? |
Around 6 million
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What did a system of proportional representation mean for the Reichstag in Germany ? |
It meant that smaller parties had seats in the Reichstag, and without a majority vote, the bigger parties would have to form a coalition in order to make the majority |
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Who was head of Nazi propaganda ? |
Joseph Gobbles |
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How many people were unemployed before the Wall Street Crash ? |
Around 1.5 million people |
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What was Article 48 ? |
It gave the President the power to rule with his own rules |
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BEtween March 1930 and May 1932, who was Chancellor of Germany and why was he unpopular ? |
It was Henrich Bruning and he had very unpopular economic policies |
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In 1930, how many times was the Presidential decree used and the Reichstag laws were set ? |
5 times for Presidential decree and 98 for Reichstag laws |
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True or false, in 1932, the Presidential decree was used 65 times and the Reichstag laws were used 5 times |
Partly false, it was 66 times. |
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What was the economic crisis that helped Hitler come to power ? |
The Wall Street Crash |
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Name 2 ways at which Hitler promised to solve the Depression |
-Destroy groups that were 'back-stabbing' Germany, such as the Jews -Reduce unemployment |
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When did Hidenburg appoint Franz Von Papen as Chancellor ? |
May 1932 |
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When did Hidenburg make Hitler Chancellor, but what did he do in order to try and control him ? |
It was in January 1933, and he restricted the amount of Nazis in his cabinet to 2, and made Von Papen vice-Chancellor |
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How many seats did the Nazis have in the Reichstag in September 1930 ? |
107 seats |
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How many seats did the Nazis have in the Reichstag in November 1932 ? |
196 seats |
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In what month did the Nazi Party have the highest amounts of seats, but not enough to secure a majority ? |
July 1932 |
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When did Hitler run for President and what was the result of the voting outcome ? |
It was in February to March 1932, and he lost to Hidenburg, 13 million to 19 million votes |
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What happened on the night of the 27th of February 1933 ? |
The Reichstag Fire |
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On the day after the Reichstag Fire, what happened between Hidenburg and Hitler ? |
Hitler got Hidenburg to give him sweeping power by using Article 48 |
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What was the Enabling Act? |
It gave Hitler the power to make his own laws without having to consult the Reichstag |
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What was the act that turned Germany from a democracy to a dictatorship ? |
The Enabling Act
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Who was arrested and blame for the Reichstag Fire ? |
Dutch communist, van der Lubbe |
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How did Hitler get rid of political opponents? |
Created a law that meant there was only one party that the Germans could vote for - The Nazi Party |
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When did President Hindenburg die ? |
2nd of August 1934 |
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Why did Hitler not try to overthrow Hindenburg ? |
Hidenburg was a war hero so Hitler knew the public wouldn't support him if Hindenburg was unrighteously removed from his position |
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On the day of Hidenburg's death, what did the German Army do ? |
They swore an personal oath of loyalty to Hitler. They agreed to stay out of politics as Hitler promised them extra funding |
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Name 2 main Nazi men who were killed on the Night of the Long Knives |
Rohm and von Schleicher |
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What was Hitler's motive behind the Night of the Long Knives ? |
He saw that people like Rohm could challenge his leadership (due to him controlling the SA), as he was told they were planning to overthrow him |
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When did the Night of the Long Knives happen ? |
Over the 29th to the 30th of June 1934 |
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What was the name of Hitler's personal bodyguard ? |
The SS |
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What did Hindenburg say to Hitler when he heard about Hitler's success of the Night of the Long Knives ? |
"You have nipped treason in the bud" |
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What was formed in 1925 ? |
The SS |
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What were the 2 most important sub-units of the SS ? |
The Deathheads and Waffen-SS |
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Name the 4 methods of law and order that enabled Hitler to control the masses |
-SS -Gestapo -Police and the courts -Concentration Camps |
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What were the Gestapo, and where did they first operate? |
They were secret state police, and first operated in Prussia |
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True or false, the concentration camps were the most feared method of law and order by the German public |
False, they feared the Gestapo the most |
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Who was the Nazi's minister of Propaganda and Enlightenment ? |
Joseph Goebbels |
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What were the main topics used in Nazi propaganda ? |
-Blaming the Jews -Making Germany great once again -Critizing the Treaty of Versaille |
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Where did the Nazis hold a huge rally each year ? |
Nuremberg |
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How many books were burnt in Berlin 1933, and why did this happen ? |
Around 2000 books, and because they were written by Jewish authors or were about the Jews |
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Why was jazz music banned in Germany ? |
Because it originated from Black Americans
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True or false, writers were able to write books and plays about anything they wanted in Nazi Germany ? |
False, they were forced to write plays which praised Hitler and the Nazis |
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What happened to companies that published stories that hadn't been allowed by Goebbels ? |
They were shut down |
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True or false, Goebbels watched every film before, if so why ? |
True and to ensure that they showed the Nazi's in a good way |
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Why did the Nazis hold these huge rallies ? |
To celebrate Hitler's greatness |
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How did the Nazis use propaganda to show Hitler in 2 very different ways ? |
-Presented him as a caring leader by having pictures with small children and dogs -Presented him showing that he had the skills to lead Germany and make them powerful once again |
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True or false, you could listen to foreign radio stations in Germany |
False, they were banned and difficult to tune in due to the waveband used by German stations |
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How many writers were eventually banned by the Nazis ? |
Over 2500 writers were banned |
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Define indoctrination
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Brainwashing people to believe your ideas |
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Name 2 methods of indoctrination used by the Nazis on children |
-Children had to be registered in order to rove that they were pure Aryan race -Children had to pledge their allegiance to Hitler -Had Nazi teachers -Changed traditional fairytales in order to show Nazi beliefs as a good thing |
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True or false, they was a list which parents had to pick from to name their child |
True, only certain names were allowed |
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What is the study of Eugenics ? |
Study of how to improve the German race by selective breeding |
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What were boys primarily taught in school ? |
They were taught military skills in order for them to be ready for war once they were old enough to join the fight |
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By changing the education in Germany to be all about the Nazis, what effect did it have on children ? |
They didn't know any different so it came as natural for them to learn these things. The things they had been taught were 'facts' to them. |
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Describe 2 accusations against the Church during the Nazi's reign |
-Didn't fight against the Nazis enough -German church leaders remained silent -Nobody had a moral or political response to Nazi genocide -Holocaust will haunt Christian Churches for a long time |
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When did Hitler sign the Concordat ? |
July 1933 |
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What did the Concordat do for the Nazis ? |
Ensured Hitler would be left alone and the Church wouldn't interfere with politics. Hitler also got full control over the schools. |
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What was the Reich Church ? |
It was Hitler's attempt at trying to get all protestant churches to unite under one banner |
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What was the alternative religion that Hitler encouraged people to follow ? |
German Faith Movement |
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Why was it important for Hitler to get the Churches on his side and to not oppose him ? |
THere was lots of supporters for the church so if people had rebelled against Hitler, it would've been a big problem
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What were the 4 main opposition groups ? |
-Operation Valkyrie -Kreisau Circle -Edelweiss Pirates -The White Rose Movement |
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When did Operation Valkyrie occur ?
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July 1944 |
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True or false, did the Edelwiess Pirates have a significant effect on the Nazi Reign, and why ? |
False, didn't do anything effective as they were only children. Did try and help some people like soldiers who had ran away and they did kill a Gestapo chief in 1944
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When did the 4 year plan get released and what did it aim to do ? |
In 1936, and it aimed to get Germany's economy in shape and ready for war |
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What did all workers join on the 2nd of May 1933 and who run it ? |
Joined the DAF (German Labour Front) and it was run by Dr Robert Lay |
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When was the Reich Food Estate set up, and what was it purpose ? |
In September 1933, and it was set up in order to buy all argricultural produce from farmers across Germany. This guaranteed farmers would be able to sell all their produce |
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What is 'Blood and soil' a belief of ? |
That peasant farmers were the basis of Germany's master race |
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Define Volksgemienschaft
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Hitler wanted all Germans to think of themselves as part of a national community |
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What was beauty of labour?
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A scheme to improve working conditions
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What did the Olympic Games in 1936 boost and reduce ? |
Boosted national pride and reduced unemployment |
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What were the Nazi attitudes towards women summed up as ? (In German or English) |
Kinder, kircher and kucher (Children, church and kitchen) |
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Name a famous German who emigrated to the USA |
Albert Einstien |
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When did the most productive mothers receive their medals ? |
On Hitler's mother's birthday |
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Who were racially approved Aryan women matched with ? |
SS men |
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Name 4 minority groups |
-Jews -Gypsies -Homosexuals -Black people -Physically disabled -Mentally ill |
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What were the 2 things stated in the Nuremburg Laws |
-No marriages between Jews and Aryans, and no sexual relations outside of marriage -Jews were made into subjects rather than citizens |
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When did Kristallnacht happen ?
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9th of November 1938 |
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How many Jewish arrests happened in March 1939 ? |
Around 30,000 Jewish men and boys were sent to concentration camps |
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What law was passed in July 1933, that included the Jews ? |
All undesirable groups had to undergo compulsory sterilisation
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True or false, rationing started in Germany immediately after war had started ? |
True |
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What are the 3 phases of war ? |
Success - between 1939 and 1941, blitzkrieg tactics defeated Turning point - Germany invaded USSR means forces became stretched. Defeat in Stalingrad Defeat - Allied invasion of Europe, mass bombing |
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What did the German public do to help the Russian invasion ?
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They donated 1.5 million fur coats
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True or false, during the war good and bad war news was reported ? |
False, only good news was reported |
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What bombing happened in February 1945 ? |
Allied bombing of Dreden. Killed 35,000 to 150,000 in 2 days. |
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How did the allies encourage the German public to overthrow Hitler ? |
Bombarded cities with leaflets |
