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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the five functions of the skeleton?
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Support/shape Protection Movement Making blood cells Mineral storage |
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How does the skeleton provide support/shape?
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Skeleton is the rigid bone frame for the rest of the body It gives supports the soft tissues (skin and muscles) Without skeleton = jelly |
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What does slouching lead to?
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Bad posture and back pains
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How does the skeleton provide protection?
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The bones are very tough and protect the delicate organs (heart, brain, lungs etc)
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How does the skeleton provide movement?
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Joints Muscles attached to bones by tendons pull on bones and move them |
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How does the skeleton make red blood cells and what are the red blood cells used for?
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Long bones have bone marrow in them which is where red blood cells are made. These then carry oxygen to the body where it's used to release energy |
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How does the skeleton provide mineral storage?
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Bones store imporant minerals like calcium
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What are the three types of connective tissue and waht do they hold together?
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Cartilage - cushion between bones to stop rubbing Ligaments - hold bones together Tendons - muscles to bones OR muscles to muscles |
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What two types of joint are there?
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Slightly moveable joint AND freely movable joints
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How does a slightly movable joint work? An example of one?
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Two bones rest on a cushion of cartilage Ligaments stop the bones moving too far EG between vertebrae in the spine |
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How does a freely movable joint work? An example of one?
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Synovial fluid lubricates the joint and all the moving parts are held together by ligaments. EG the shoulder |
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Name the parts of a skeleton
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Name the five types of joint movement and explain them
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1. Flexion - closing of a joint 2. Extension - opening of a joint 3. Adduction - ADDING to the centre body line 4. Abduction - TAKEING AWAY from centre line 5. Rotation - turning limb clockwise/anti-clockwise |
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What are the two types of freely movable joint?
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Ball and socket Hinge |
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What kind of movement can a ball and socket joint do?
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Flexion Extension Adduction Abduction Rotation |
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What is an example of a ball and socket joint and when it is needed?
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Shoulder - bowling in cricket, arm swing in tennis Hip - any sort of running, kicking, doing the splits |
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What type of movement does a hinge joint allow?
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Flexion Extension |
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What is an example of a hinge joint and when is it needed?
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Knee and Elbow - kicking, running and throwing EG throwing a basketball, kicking a footbal |
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What two types of muscles are there?
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Involuntary muscles Voluntary muscles |
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How do involuntary muscles work and where are they?
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Around organs (eg intestines) and blood vessels They work without conscious effort from you. |
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How do voluntary muscles work and where are they? |
All under your control Attached to your skeleton |
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What are muscles made of?
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Fibres
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What tells your muscles to contract?
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Nerve impulses - cause the heart to contract in a regular pattern |
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How do complex movements work?
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They are made by the coordination of nerve impulses sen to the muscles by the nervous system
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Where are the 'pectoral' muscles? |
On the front of your body on your chest |
