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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is wrong with the human population? |
It is growing rapidly |
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What is the ecology of the earth? |
The scientific study between the relationships between living organisms and their environment
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What pollutes waterways? |
Sewage, fertilisers and toxic chemicals |
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What pollutes air? |
Smoke and gases |
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What pollutes land? |
Toxic chemicals such as pesticides and herbicides |
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Why must sewage be treated properly? |
To remove gut parasites and toxic chamicals = |
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What is one problem with landfill? |
Toxic chemicals can leak out |
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What is a problem with using herbicides and pesticides? |
They can get into the food chain |
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What gas causes acid rain? |
Sulphur dioxide |
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What are some of the problems with acid rain? |
It can change the PH of the soil and damage roots of trees |
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Why does deforestation occur? |
To produce land for farming and to be used for timber |
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What are the main effects of deforestation? |
-Increased CO2 emissions due to burning of wood or decay by microorganisms -Reduced rate at which CO2 is removed from the atmosphere (less photosynthesis) -Reduced biodiversity due to loss of food and habitats |
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What is biodiversity? |
The variety of plant and animal life in a certain habitat |
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Why is the destruction of peat bogs a problem? |
CO2 is released into the atmosphere because it is used for compost which is decayed by microorganisms |
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What are the main greenhouse gases? |
Carbon dioxide and methane |
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Name two ways carbon dioxide is removed naturally from the atmosphere |
-Photosynthesis -By dissolving in oceans, rivers, lakes and ponds |
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What consequences could a change of temperature on earth result in? |
-Changes in climate -Rise in sea levels (melting of ice caps and glaciers) -Change in migration patterns -Reduce in biodiversity |
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How can ethanol based biofuels be produced? |
By fermentation |
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Do they uses anaerobic or aerobic respiration? |
Anaerobic respiration |
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How is glucose produced from maize starch? |
Carbohydrase digests it |
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How can ethanol be extracted? |
By distillation |
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Ethanol is carbon neutral. What does carbon neutral mean? |
A process that uses as much carbon dioxide as it produces |
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What is the main biogas? |
Methane |
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What is used to produce methane? |
Plant and animal waste material |
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Is biogas production an an anaerobic process or aerobic process? |
Anaerobic |
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What can be done to insulate biogas generators? |
Bury them underground or use insulating jackets |
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What do large scale, commercial generators use? |
Waste from sugar factories or sewage works |
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What makes the quality of biogas better? |
The higher the content of methane in the mixture, the better the quality of the biogas
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How can we make meat production more effectively? |
By preventing the animals from moving as this wastes energy By keeping them in a heat controlled shed so not much of the food is used to maintain body temp |
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Why is this not done everywhere? |
Because it is controversial as many people see it as cruelty |
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What is sustainable food production? |
Methods of producing food which can be sustained over time without destroying the fertility of the land or ocean |
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How can fish stocks be maintained? |
-By being monitored -Having a strict allocation of fish - a quota -By only allowing fishermen to use certain sized nets to avoid catching smaller fish |
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What is mycoprotein made from? |
The fungus fusarium |
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What is mycoprotein a good source of? |
Protein |
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What does fusarium use for nutrients? |
Cheap sugar syrup made from waste starch |
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What is mycoprotein grown in? |
Large scale industrial fermenters |
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What are the conditions inside these large vessels? |
-air supply providing oxygen for respiration -Stirrers to keep microorganisms spread out and to keep an even temperature -a water cooled jacket around it to remove heat from the energy produced as the microorganisms respire -sensors to monitor PH and temperature |
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What results in the production of methane which contributes to global warming |
Rice growing and rearing cattle |
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Is the production of mycoprotein an aerobic or anaerobic process? |
Aerobic |
