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5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe how to test for primary, secondary or tertiary alcohols |
Add 10 drops of the alcohol to 2cm cubed of acidified potassium dichromate in a boiling tube Warm gently in a water bath Observe colour change, if orange solution turns green, a primary or secondary will be present |
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Describe how to carry out a Fehling's or Benedict's test to rest for an aldehyde |
Add 2cm cubed of Fehling's or Benedict's solution to a boiling tube Add 5 drops of the aldehyde or ketone to the boiling tube Put boiling tube in a hot water bath for a few minutes The blue solution will give a red precipitate if an aldehyde is presentput |
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Describe how to use Tollens' reagent to test whether something is an aldehyde or ketone |
Put 2cm cubed of 0.10 mol dm cubed silver nitrate in a boiling tube Add a few drops of dilute sodium hydroxide solution, a light brown precipitate will form Add drops of dilute ammonia solution until the precipitate dissolves Put the boiling tube in a hot water bath and add 10 drops of the aldehyde or ketone Wait for a few minutes A silver mirror will form on the sides of the boiling tube if an aldehyde is present |
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Describe how to test for alkenes |
Add 2cm cubed of the unknown solution to a test tube Add 2 cm cubed of bromine water to the test tube and shake The orange solid will decolourise if alkenes are present |
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Describe how to test for carboxylic acids |
Add 2cm cubed of the test solution to a test tube Add a small spatula of solid sodium carbonate If the solution fizzes, acid is present Bubble the gas through limewater If it turns cloudy, a carboxylic acid is present |
