Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Lewis and Clark Expedition
|
an expedition sent by Jefferson to explore the northwestern territories of the US by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark
|
recorded many scientific discoveries and facilitated many maps of the Louisiana Purchase, leading to the settlement of the area and travel to the Pacific Coast
|
|
|
John Marshall
|
American jurist and politician who served as chief justice of the US Supreme Court
|
helped establish the practice of judicial review
|
|
|
Marbury v. Madison
|
a Supreme Court case in which the Supreme Court first asserted the power of judicial review in finding that the Congressional was unconstitutional
|
balanced the power of the people and the government
|
|
|
Aaron Burr
|
one of the leading Democratic- Republicans of New York and served as a New York senator from 1791-1797
|
principal opponent of Hamilton's federalist policies, tied with Jefferson in electoral college
|
|
|
impressment
|
the act of coercing someone into government service
|
British payback from the American Revolution, free supply of soldiers to fight the opposition
|
|
|
Embargo Act (1807)
|
forbade American trading ships from leaving the US
|
meant to force Britain and France to end impressment by depriving them of neutral trade, caused economic stagnation and destruction
|
|
|
Non-Intecourse Act (1809)
|
act that enabled America to trade with all countries but Britain and France
|
uphold the declaration of neutrality and change the British and French impressment
|
|
|
Macon's Bill No. 2
|
reopened American trade with all of the world
|
either if Britain/France repealed it's commercial restrictions America would restore it's embargo on the non-repealing nation
|
|
|
Tecumseh
|
brother of the prophet, chief of the Shawnees, leader of Native American military efforts
|
united the natives in the Tecumseh Confederacy to gain back their stolen land
|
|
|
war hawks
|
Southerners and Westerners eager for war with Britain, had a strong sense of nationalism, and wanted control of British North American colonies
|
persuaded Congress to declare war against Britain
|
|
|
Henry Clay
|
an elected speaker of the House in 1811 in Kentucky
|
one of the most influential representatives that believed in the war with Britain and agitated the conquest of Canda, eventually leading Madison to declare war against Britain
|
|
|
John C. Calhoun
|
one of the men with great intellect, magnetism, and ambition, supporter of the war with Britain
|
appointed Clay to the Committee of Foreign Affairs, helped influence Madison to back down and influence him to declare war
|
|
|
Battle of New Orleans
|
an array of battle - hardened British veterans below New Orleans preparing to move up north the Mississippi were greeted and defeated by Andrew Jackson
|
last battle of the War of 1812, forced the British to recognize US claims to Louisiana and West Florida in the Treaty of Ghent, marked the states' incorporation into the union and gained control of the Mississippi
|
|
|
Treaty of Ghent (1814)
|
American and British diplomats met in Ghent, Belgium both sides began with extravagant demands, only ended the fighting between the two groups
|
ended British impressment and Canada, US gained minor territorial concessions
|
|
|
Hartford Convention ( 1814)
|
a Federalist convention held in Hartford, Connecticut in the winter of 1814-1815 in order to discuss and seek redress by Washington for their complaints and wrongs that they felt were done (manifestation of their fears of being over powered by the West and South)
|
increasing sectionalism and marked the end of the Federalist Party
|
|
|
Era of Good Feelings
|
a period of relative economic prosperity and peace that followed the War of 1812, fueled by nationalist sentiments among American citizens
|
set the stage for domestic and economic expansions, including, westward expansion
|
|
|
sectionalism
|
the disunity between states based on lifestyle and location, developed between the agrarian West and South and industrial north, caused friction
|
primary cause of the civil war
|
|
|
the American System
|
a proposal made by Henry Clay as to strengthen America during its prosperity after the War of 1812, had similar economic plans to Hamilton's (new protective tariff, re-instituting the Bank of the United States and the creation of more reliable methods of transportation)
|
irresponsibility with the National Bank caused the Panic of 1819
|
|
|
Panic of 1819
|
a period of economic hardships as a result of the irresponsibility within the Bank of the United States and caused severe deflation
|
put a spotlight on the cruelty of imprisoning debtors
|
|
|
McCulloch v. Maryland
|
1819 lawsuit that concerned Maryland's right to tax a branch of the Bank of the United States, Chief Justice John Marshall denied Maryland this right through judicial review
|
gave federal government more power over the states
|
|
|
Missouri Compromise (1820)
|
an attempt made in 1820 to calm tensions over disagreements between the North and South over slavery. (South felt that it needed to add more slave states to keep its power in Congress and prevent the abolition of slavery)
|
admitted Maine as a free state, Missouri and all other states below, a slave state (more free states than slave states) increased tension
|
|
|
Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817)
|
Treaty between the US and Britain enacted in 1817, provided demilitarizarion of the Great Lakes and Lake Champlain where many British naval forts and arrangements remained
|
laid the basis for a demilitarized boundary between the US and British North America, indicative of improving relations
|
|
|
Monroe Doctrine (1823)
|
an attempt made by James Monroe to protect American lands from further settlement, declared that the time for colonization was coming to an end, and any attempts to colonize the Americas would be seen as animosity towards the US
|
warning to foreign powers, ended with European non-intervention, an attempt to secure "American land for Americans"
|
|
|
Erie Canal
|
canal in New York State that rubs from. the Hudson River to Lake Erie, connecting the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean
|
cut costs, resulted in a massive population surge in western New York and opened regions further west for settlement
|
|
|
National (Cumberland) Road
|
first interstate highway, and only one paid entirely by federal funds, running from Maryland and Illinois
|
aided in westward expansion
|
|
|
Robert Fulton
|
American inventor who designed the first commercially successful steamboat and first steam warship
|
shortened travel costs and cut shipping costs
|
|
|
Eli Whitney
|
an American inventor who developed the cotton gin
|
contributed to the concept of interchangeable parts that were alike and easily assembled and changed
|
|
|
Lowell System
|
a paternalistic textile factory system of the early 19th century that employed mainly women (15-35) from New England farms to increase efficiency, productivity, and profits in ways different from other methods. Began the provisions of respectable employee housing, chaperoned boarding houses, cash wages and participation in cultural and social events in the workplace
|
mechanized the textile industry and encouraged other industries to follow.
|
|
|
market revolution
|
a drastic change in the manual labor system originating in the south and later spread to the entire world, traditional commerce became outdated with the industrial and transportation revolution
|
enabled northern American economies to challenge mid-sized European city economies
|
|
|
Cotton gin
|
a machine invented by Eli Whitney that separated cotton seeds from raw cotton fibers
|
increased the development of the south, reinforced the need for slavery
|
