Apush Quick Exam Review

Front 1

Puritan Motive

Back 1

The motive of the puritan was that they want to return Christianity its original roots and not what the people changed it to be. This was the reason the puritans moved to the new world so they wouldn’t be condemned by the Church of England.

Front 2

Virginian Settler Motives

Back 2

The motives of the settlers in Virginia was to seek profit and someday go back to their country. Tobacco was an important cash crop, which saved the colony. These settlers were very loyal to the crown of England.

Front 3

1st Great Awakening

Back 3

This was a period of increased religious activities. Whitefield traveled the colonies during the 1730’s and 1740’s, and was well known as a popular orator. He elicited countless conversions and considerable controversy.

Front 4

Deism

Back 4

This was an enlightened religion in the 1700’s. The believers claimed that God created the world and left it to run by its own course of nature.

Front 5

Albany Congress, 1754

Back 5

This congress was created for the sole purpose of uniting the British colonies against the French. It was led by Ben Franklin, and Indians supported it as well.

Front 6

Legal Rights of Women (Colonial Era)

Back 6

Women had no voting rights or governmental authority in society. Single and widowed women had more freedom then married women because they could own property.

Front 7

Stamp At/Stamp Congress

Back 7

It had very little effect at the time however it did lead to unite within the colonies by breaking the barriers. This act brought about an uprising since there was no one to sell the stamps. The act was repealed in 1766.

Front 8

Slavery in Pre-Independence Times

Back 8

Slaves was put under a social-economic system which deprived them of their freedom and made them perform labor works. Many of the slaves were used in the south.

Front 9

Indentured Servants

Back 9

The people who couldn’t afford to come to America offered their services as servants for a set time, which was normally seven years, and then would be free.

Front 10

Proclomation of 1763

Back 10

It stabilized relationships with North American Indians trough trade, settlement, and land purchase of the western frontier.

Front 11

Articles of Confederation

Back 11

It stabilized relationships with North American Indians trough trade, settlement, and land purchase of the western frontier.

Front 12

Bill of Rights

Back 12

They were the basic rights of the people and the first ten amendments in the constitution.

Front 13

Founding Fathers' Opinion Towards Political Parties

Back 13

They were not supportive of the political parties.

Front 14

Hamilton's Economic Plans

Back 14

Hamilton wanted the national bank to give loans out to other business. Lot of anti-feds who owned private business went against it. Old bonds were also replaced with new bonds. New owners received money.

Front 15

Shay's Rebellion

Back 15

This was a conflict in Massachusetts that leads to people criticizing the Articles of Confederation. The uprising was led by Daniel Shay in an effort to prevent the closing of the farms from tax payment.

Front 16

XYZ Affair

Back 16

An Incident where French demanded bribes and loans from the United States and in exchange the French wouldn’t attack American ships. This increased the tension between America and France, but it was eventually resolved with delegation.

Front 17

Marbury v. Madison

Back 17

John Marshall asserted the rights of the Supreme Court to interpret the meaning of the constitution. The decision established the judicial review power to the Supreme Court.

Front 18

Louisiana Purchase

Back 18

Thomas Jefferson’s greatest contribution as the U.S president was the purchase of the Louisiana territory from France. The U.S gained control of the Mississippi river trade route and it doubled the size of the nation.

Front 19

Hartford Convention

Back 19

This was a convention of New England merchants who were against embargo and trade restrictions. They talked about succeeding from the U.S if their desires weren’t met. Public sentiment was turned against the federalist because of this.

Front 20

Eli Whitney

Back 20

He was an American who invented the cotton gin. He made production of cotton easier and this increased the demand for cotton industries.

Front 21

Henry Clay's "American System"

Back 21

Clay proposed a protective tariff of home manufactures and internal improvement like local roads, canal projects, government aid, strong national bank, and profit distribution of land sales.

Front 22

Monroe Doctrine

Back 22

This was a foreign policy which showed that Europe shouldn’t interfere with U.S development of other countries in the Western Hemisphere.

Front 23

Andrew Jackson/Indian Removal/Veto Congress/Nullification/BUS/Westward Expansion

Back 23

He was the 7th president of the United States and a general in the war of 1812. He opposed the Bank of America and objected to the rights of individual states to nullify federal laws.

Front 24

Trail of Tears

Back 24

This was when Cherokee Indians were forcefully removed from their land. They traveled about 800 miles to Indian Territory.

Front 25

Nullification, John C. Calhoun, Tariff of Abominations (1828)

Back 25

John Caldwell Calhoun was an important political theorist and politician. He spoke out on almost every issue but he would change his position sometimes. He defended slavery as a positive good, and promoted minority rights.

Front 26

Transcendentalists

Back 26

It promoted self-reliance and rejected traditional religion. It was more of a literary group then practical one. They formed many cooperative communities.

Front 27

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Back 27

He was a leading transcendentalist who encourage self-reliance and freedom. He spoke and wrote on behalf of Abolitionist.

Front 28

Wm Lloyd Garrison, "The Liberator"

Back 28

He was an abolitionist who fought slavery for moral reasons. He made the Anti-Slavery Society, and he argued for the emancipation of all slaves. This gave more awareness to the abolitionist.

Front 29

Harriet Tubman - Underground Railroad

Back 29

She is an American abolitionist who had escaped to the north in 1849 and became a conductor of the Underground Railroad. She guided 300 slaves.

Front 30

Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857

Back 30

The Courted ruled that Scott was the property of Sanford and wasn’t allowed to sue in court. Chief Justice Taney says that the Missouri compromise was unconstitutional.

Front 31

Popular Sovereignty

Back 31

People would show themselves through the practice of government participation, ruled by the people. People would hold the authority in all matters of the government.

Front 32

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Back 32

Formed Kansas and Nebraska out of western territories, allowing for their admission into the Union.

Front 33

Douglas' Freeport Doctrine

Back 33

Stephen Douglas' response to Abraham Lincoln, states that slavery could only exist where slave codes were in place to protect and define it.

Front 34

Primary Cause of Civil War

Back 34

Abraham Lincoln's election, the split of the North and South due to slavery and economic issues, as well as the balance of power between State and Federal.

Front 35

Emancipation Proclamation, 1863

Back 35

Freed all slaves residing in states still in rebellion post Civil War.

Front 36

Radical Reconstruction

Back 36

Reconstruction actions by Radical Republicans that reformed and reintroduced certain areas of the South into the Union.

Front 37

Compromise of 1877

Back 37

Unofficial agreement that settled disputes over the 1876 election and ended Reconstruction.

Front 38

Knights of Labor

Back 38

An essential union that defended workingmen's rights and interests in labor.

Front 39

Dawes Act, 1887

Back 39

An attempt to assimilate remaining Indians into American culture by transforming them into farmers.

Front 40

Social Gospel

Back 40

A movement that stressed the application of Christianity to public and social life.

Front 41

Populists

Back 41

Party that sought to protect the interests of "ordinary people" against that of the economic and political elite.

Front 42

Yellow Press

Back 42

Method of journalism that used exaggeration and eye-catching headlines to attract readers, rather than absolute truth and real research.

Front 43

"New Immigration"

Back 43

The beginning of Southern and Eastern European immigration, full of illiterates and peasants.

Front 44

Open Door Policy

Back 44

Permitted trade between all European powers and the US with China. Stressed China's independence.

Front 45

DuBois & Booker T. Washington

Back 45

DuBois promoted equality of blacks as a civil rights leader, while Booker T. Washington, a former slave, advocated black isolationism as the key to survival.

Front 46

Muckrackers

Back 46

Journalists that focused on the exposing of political/governmental corruption.

Front 47

Germany's Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

Back 47

Resulted in the sinking of various American ships and multitudes of American deaths, led to America entering WWI

Front 48

Wilson's 14 Points (Article X)

Back 48

Wilson's plan to addressing how things should be done post WWI. Called for the end of secret alliances in Europe.

Front 49

Bonus Army, 1932

Back 49

Vets that marched to the capital and demanded compensation for war.

Front 50

100 Day Congress, New Deal

Back 50

The New Deal was an economic plan that attempted to fix the economy during the Great Depression. Was greatly halted by Congress. 100 Day Congress was a series of meetings which major political actions were enacted, called on by FDR

Front 51

Civilian Conservation Corps

Back 51

Part of the New Deal, provided work relief for unmarried, unemployed men during the Great Depression.

Front 52

Cuban Missile Crisis

Back 52

Russia's implementation of nuclear warheads in Cuba as a means of threatening the US. Resulted in harsh American reaction, general American victory.

Front 53

Brown v. Board of Eduation

Back 53

Undid the decision of Plessy v. Ferguson, ruled that separate but equal was inherently unequal.

Front 54

Sputnik, 1957

Back 54

Launch of the first object to reach space. Sparked a major movement in America to surpass Russia in achievement, and influenced the first Man on the Moon.

Front 55

Sit-ins, 1960, Greensboro, NC

Back 55

Sit-ins by students held at diners and lunchrooms as a protest to the inequality in America.

Front 56

Civil Rights Act 1960, 1964

Back 56

Two major advancements to equality. 1960 outlawed all formed of voting discrimination, while 1964 completely ended discrimination in nearly all public places.

Front 57

Malcolm X

Back 57

Civil rights leader that advocated separation and black pride. Member of the Nation of Islam.

Front 58

Gulf of Tonkin Incident & Resolution

Back 58

Resulted in major depowerment of the president in terms of war. Required the president to get Congressional approval for war.

Front 59

Watergate

Back 59

Defamed President Nixon and revealed massive corruption all throughout the government, namely Nixon's administration.

Front 60

Tet Offensive, 1968

Back 60

Northern Vietnamese offense on several cities in South Vietnam. Acted as a wake up call to the American people in terms of supporting the war.

Front 61

Camp David Accords

Back 61

A series of peace treaties between Israel and Egypt held at Camp David and Hosted by President Carter.