Apush Pageant Chapter 38

Front 1

What factors led the Democrats to have gloomy prospect for the 1952 presidential election?

Back 1

Military deadlock in Korea, Truman’s clash with MacArthur, war-bred inflation, and whiffs of scandal from the White House.

Front 2

Who will Republicans enthusiastically nominate on the first ballot for their presidential candidate in 1952?

Back 2

Dwight D. Eisenhower

Front 3

Who will be nominated by the Republicans as the Vice-President in 1952?

Back 3

Richard Nixon

Front 4

What will be the slogan for the Republicans in the 1952 Presidential election?

Back 4

“I Like Ike”

Front 5

Why was Eisenhower seen as a great candidate in 1952?

Back 5

Authentic hero’s credentials as wartime supreme commander of the Allied forces in Europe, army chief of staff after the war, and the first supreme commander of NATO from 1950 to 1952 and also served as president of Columbia University from 1948 – 1952.

Front 6

What event will almost cost Richard Nixon the Vice Presidential nomination?

Back 6

He had secret “slush fund” he had used while holding a seat in the Senate.

Front 7

What will save the nomination for Richard Nixon?

Back 7

He will make a speech which explained that he spent the money on the family cocker spaniel, Checkers. This became known as the “Checkers” speech

Front 8

What will foreshadow future political advertising in the 1952 presidential election?

Back 8

Short “spots” of brief answers from the candidates.

Front 9

What effect will television have on the future of politics?

Back 9

It will allow lone-wolf politicians could go straight to the voters without the mediating influence of parties or other institutions. It stood as a threat to the historic role of political parties, which traditionally had chosen candidates. Candidates must look good and brought entertainment and advertising into political messages—show business.

Front 10

What are “sound bites” in relation to elections?

Back 10

Ten-second television bites which shows a quote from a particular candidate. Can be taken out of context greatly.

Front 11

With the Republicans taking control of Congress in 1952 what amendment will be passed to prevent another FDR term? Which future Republican president could have been elected to more than two terms?

Back 11

22nd Amendment (1951); Ronald Reagan

Front 12

What armistice will be signed in early 1953?

Back 12

Korean. They are still at war.

Front 13

What was the consequence of this armistice?

Back 13

Korea was still divided along the 38th parallel. Americans could not find solace that communism had been “contained”. Korea still has great tensions between North and South

Front 14

How did Eisenhower calm the fears of the 2nd Red Scare?

Back 14

He was seen as distinguished and well-loved grandfather figure.

Front 15

Who was known as “Tailgunner Joe”? What State was this freshman Senator from?

Back 15

Joseph McCarthy; Wisconsin

Front 16

What famous speech did this freshman Senator make in February of 1950 about the State Department?

Back 16

He will accuse Secretary of State Dean Acheson of knowingly employing 205 communists—2nd Red Scare”

Front 17

What will this speech lead to?

Back 17

Senate trials of many Americans who were asked if they had communist ties—many from Hollywood.

Front 18

What will be the fall-out from McCarthyism?

Back 18

Many people will be black listed from their jobs, damage to the morale and effectiveness of the professional foreign service (a number of Asian specialists who might have counseled a wiser course in Vietnam were ousted.

Front 19

What was HUAC? What was their job? What future POTUS served on HUAC while a representative from CA?

Back 19

House on Un-American Activities; It was a House committee to investigate “subversion”. Caught Alger Hiss; Richard Nixon

Front 20

These laws were a set of antiquated rules that governed all aspects of black life in the South?

Back 20

Jim Crow Laws

Front 21

The laws in #20 created what type of Southern culture?

Back 21

Segregated

Front 22

What did Swedish scholar Gunner Myrdal expose in his notable book of 1944, An American Dilemma?

Back 22

The contradiction between America’s professed belief that all men are created equal and its sordid treatment of black citizens

Front 23

Who will be the first Black American to integrate Major League Baseball in 1947? What team did he play for? What was the manager of that team?

Back 23

Jackie Robinson; Brooklyn Dodgers; Branch Riche

Front 24

In 1944 the Supreme Court ruled this type of primary unconstitutional in the South?

Back 24

White primary

Front 25

Which political party will be hurt by this ruling?

Back 25

Democrats

Front 26

This Supreme Court in 1950 will rule that separate professional schools for blacks failed to meet the test of equality established in Plessy v. Fergusson.

Back 26

Sweatt v. Painter

Front 27

In which SCOTUS decision 1954 will the Supreme Court rule segregations in the public schools “inherently unequal” and thus unconstitutional (HUGE case of importance!)?

Back 27

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas

Front 28

What event is seen as the spark of the modern day Civil Rights Movement?

Back 28

In December of 1955, Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat.

Front 29

This event will lead to what boycott? Who will lead this boycott? How long did it last?

Back 29

Montgomery bus boycott; Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.; Almost a year

Front 30

Whom did Dr. King get his non-violent principles from?

Back 30

India’s Mohandas Gandhi and Jesus (3rd Great Awakening)

Front 31

According to Mr. Hjort, the Civil Rights movement of the 1950’s and 1960’s can be seen as the 3rd ________ _________________?

Back 31

Great Awakening

Front 32

The appointed of _________________ as Supreme Court Chief Justice by Eisenhower, he will call his greatest mistake.

Back 32

Earl Warren

Front 33

Why was this appointment so shocking?

Back 33

Everyone thought Warren would be a conservative judge, but he became one of the most “activists” justices in SCOTUS history.

Front 34

What SCOTUS cases did the Brown decision overturn?

Back 34

Plessy v. Ferguson

Front 35

What would be the southern congressional reaction to Brown decision?

Back 35

More than a hundred southern congressional representatives and senators signed the “Declaration of Constitutional Principles” in 1956, pledging their unyielding resistance to desegregation.

Front 36

How did many Southern states get around the Brown decision?

Back 36

They created many “private” schools

Front 37

Which president was responsible for desegregating the US Armed Forces? In what year were they desegregated? Why do you think the president desegregated the military in this year?

Back 37

Harry Truman; 1948; Presidential election year and he needed the vote of the African-American population.

Front 38

Who were the “Little Rock Nine”? Who was the Governor of Arkansas who prohibited the integration of Central High School?

Back 38

They were the nine Black students who tried to enter Little Rock’s Central High School; Governor Orval Faubus

Front 39

How did the Little Rock Nine gain access to desegregation?

Back 39

Eisenhower sent in the 101st Airborne to stop the state from segregation. (Similar to Jackson’s threat, but fulfilled)

Front 40

What type of protest took place on February 1, 1960 in Greensboro, North Carolina?

Back 40

“Sit-in” by 4 back men at a Woolworth’s “whites-only” lunch counter

Front 41

In April 1960 SNCC was formed. What did SNCC stand for?

Back 41

Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee

Front 42

How was SNCC different from the SCLC and the NAACP?

Back 42

SNCC consisted of young people who didn’t want to wait for the legal system or non-violent system to work. They would later join the Black Power movement

Front 43

What was unique about Eisenhower’s budget spending compared to Harry Truman? Why is this opposite of what you would think Eisenhower would do?

Back 43

Eisenhower wanted to spend less on the military—even though it still soaked up some 10% of the GNP.; He was a US General during WWII.

Front 44

What did Eisenhower warn against in his farewell speech—Ironic coming from a former General during WWII?

Back 44

Increasing size of the United States Military Complex

Front 45

What was different about the Mexican Governments view towards illegal immigration in the 1950s versus the present view?

Back 45

The Mexican government was worried that illegal immigration would undercut the bracero program of legally imported farm workers—and it did.

Front 46

This future farm Unionizer would also stand against illegal immigration to the United States by Mexican workers because they would undercut the farm unions wages.

Back 46

Cesar Chavez

Front 47

How many illegal immigrants were returned to Mexico in Operation Wetback (named for the Rio Grande trek from Mexico to the US)?

Back 47

1 million

Front 48

What did Eisenhower want to do with the American Indians?

Back 48

Wanted to return to a plan similar to the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887—assimilation.

Front 49

This Act was similar to the German autobahn system?

Back 49

Interstate Highway Act of 1956

Front 50

Why were the overpasses on Interstate highways designed at no lower than 15’?

Back 50

To allow flatbed trucks to carry nuclear weapons from site to site.

Front 51

What must happen every five miles of interstate highway built?

Back 51

One mile of straight road for jets to land.

Front 52

What policy is Secretary of State John Foster Dulles responsible for creating in relation to the ability of the US and USSR to completely destroy each other many times over with nuclear weapons?

Back 52

MAD—Mutually Assured Destruction

Front 53

This policy created by Secretary of State John Foster Dulles said that the US should bring a nation to the brink of war, but never try and start a full out nuclear war.

Back 53

Brinkmanship

Front 54

During the summer of 1956 this Eastern European country tried to revolt against the USSR and pleaded in vain for US aid, but none came and the Soviets sent in troops and put down the revolt.

Back 54

Hungary

Front 55

This leader of French Indochina pleaded with Woodrow Wilson and Harry Truman for independence of their French rulers, but both times was denied.

Back 55

Ho Chi Minh

Front 56

It was after the battle of ___________________ in 1954 that the French would end their occupation of Vietnam.

Back 56

Dien Bien Phu

Front 57

What promise will be made to Ho Chi Minh in order to prevent a communist take over of the entire country in 1954?

Back 57

Free elections would be held, but when the South realized that the communists would probably win they refused to have the elections.

Front 58

Who was the leader of South Vietnam which Eisenhower and Kennedy would support?

Back 58

Ngo Dinh Diem

Front 59

What Eastern European group was formed in reaction to West Germany joining NATO?

Back 59

Warsaw Pact—made up of the Soviet puppet states

Front 60

Which Soviet premier announced in 1953 that Joseph Stalin was a bloody dictator and removed Stalin’s body from Lenin’s tomb?

Back 60

Nikita Khrushchev—also remained many cities including Stalingrad

Front 61

What Middle Eastern intervention by the US will leave a bitter legacy of resentment among many Iranians which will come back to bite us in the late 1970s and even today?

Back 61

CIA engineered a coup in 1953 to install a youthful shah of Iran, Mohammed Reza Pahlevi

Front 62

What was the Suez Crisis over?

Back 62

President Nasser of Egypt nationalized the Suez Canal placing Western Europe’s oil supply in jeopardy.

Front 63

What will be the result of the Suez Crisis?

Back 63

Egypt nationalized the Canal and after the British and French had to stop their war with Egypt because the US wouldn’t release their oil reserves to help, the UN send in a policy force for the first time.

Front 64

What was different about the US and its oil supply in 1940 and 1948?

Back 64

In 1940 the US was an exporter of oil, by 1948 the US had become a net oil importer from the Middle East

Front 65

What does OPEC stand for and what nations joined by 1960?

Back 65

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries; Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iraq, Iran, Venezuela

Front 66

What was meant by the Eisenhower Doctrine?

Back 66

The US would pledge military and economic aid to Middle Eastern nations threatened by communist aggression.

Front 67

What will cause the US to spend more money on Science and Mathematics courses post 1957?

Back 67

Launching of Sputnik I

Front 68

What space program will get its start during Eisenhower’s administration?

Back 68

NASA—National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Front 69

What was the name of the first man in space?

Back 69

Yuri Gagarin

Front 70

What was the name of the first US man in space?

Back 70

John Glenn (Alan Sheppard—sub space launch)

Front 71

What happened on the eve of the May 1960 Paris “summit conference” which will ratchet up tensions between the United States and Soviet Union?

Back 71

U-2 spy plan will be shot down (Gary Powers was the pilot)

Front 72

It will be after this dictator takes over Cuba in 1959 that relations between the US and Soviet Union will grow even more distant.

Back 72

Fidel Castro

Front 73

What famous debate will take place between VP Richard Nixon and Nikita Khrushchev over the prosperity that their two countries were experiencing?

Back 73

“Kitchen debate” because it was being held in a kitchen of the future

Front 74

Who did the Republicans and Democrats nominate as their parties candidates for the Presidency in 1960?

Back 74

R – Nixon; D – John F. Kennedy

Front 75

What was the reaction of the American public towards these two candidates during their debates?

Back 75

People who saw the debates on TV said Kennedy won. People who listened to the debates on Radio said Nixon had won.

Front 76

When Kennedy finally won the Presidency in 1960. What was the name of his new plan for the US?

Back 76

New Frontier

Front 77

What two states were most responsible for the Kennedy victory in 1960?

Back 77

Illinois (voting twice and three times) and Texas (delivered by Lyndon Johnson)

Front 78

What was the fear of Kennedy when he became President?

Back 78

That he would be more allegiant to the Pope than the Constitution

Front 79

What two characteristics distinguished Kennedy from former Presidents of the US?

Back 79

Youngest and Catholic

Front 80

These two states attained became the last to be granted statehood in 1959?

Back 80

Alaska and Hawaii

Front 81

When during what decade were the first electronic computers assembled? By whom?

Back 81

1940s; US military

Front 82

What company will introduce the first passenger jet in 1957? What was the attire that most people wore on airplanes until the mid 1970s?

Back 82

Boeing Company—707; business dress.

Front 83

In the 1950s how did television create a “cult of domesticity”?

Back 83

By showing the idyllic suburban family with a working husband, two children and a wife who did not work outside the home.

Front 84

Why did this idyllic change?

Back 84

40 million new jobs created three decades after 1950, with 30 million being clerical and service work

Front 85

What feminist gave focus and fuel to women’s feelings in 1963 when she published The Feminine Mystique which launched the modern women’s movement? What was the focus of her struggle?

Back 85

Betty Friedan; That women should be paid the equally and should be able to be Rosie the River and come home and be mom. Very difficult!!!

Front 86

This fast-food establishment would get its start in San Bernardino, California by Ray Kroc?

Back 86

McDonalds

Front 87

This Baptist preacher became a popular “televangelist” in the 1950s and still is greatly respected?

Back 87

Billy Graham

Front 88

Where did Rock and Roll get its roots?

Back 88

From African American Jazz and Bebop

Front 89

Who will become the King of Rock and Roll?

Back 89

Elvis Presley

Front 90

What book by Joseph Heller dealt with the improbable antics and anguish of American airmen in the wartime Mediterranean?

Back 90

Catch-22

Front 91

What Arthur Miller play in 1953 will treat the Salem witch trials as a dark parable warning against the dangers of McCarthyism?

Back 91

The Crucible

Front 92

Place the following in Chronological Order: Hemingway publishes Castro leads Cuban revolution, The Old Man and the Sea, Berlin Crisis, Brown v. Board of Education, Sputnik launched, SCLC formed, U-2 incident, Kennedy defeats Nixon

Back 92

Hemingway, Brown, SCLC formed, Sputnik, Berlin Crisis, U-2 incident, Castro, Kennedy President