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129 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Navigation acts were an example of
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mercantilism
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Dutch settled in New Netherland to
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expand commercial and mercantile network
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slavery was legal ____ in the colonies
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everywhere
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Puritans tolerate _____ religiously
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no one
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Slavery grew in the late 1700s and blacks replaced....
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white indentured servants
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The two royal colonies in the 1700s were
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MA and VA
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Halfway covenant
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let children be baptized even if their parents weren't
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What type of people were indentured servants??
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white poor people seeking opportunity
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Majority of English people to the Chesapeake were who??
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white indentured servants
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Why was Anne Hutchinson banned from MA Bay in 1637???
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she challenged religious beliefs of colonial leaders
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Bacon's Rebellion 1676
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exposed tensions between backcountry farmers and tidewater gentry
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Maryland
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catholic refuge
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What was NOT a problem in Jamestown
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Not having enough specialized craftsmen
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Why were Quakers persecuted?
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They thought God dwelt in each individual as an Inner Light
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When were the first slaves brought to the colonies and who brought them?
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in 1619 by the Dutch
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Glorious Revolution
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Colonists overthrew governors in New England Dominion, MD
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Who had the best chance of inheriting land in the Chesapeake?
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Women
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Toleration act was in what colony?
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Maryland
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What was the last of the 13 colonies?
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Georgia
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First Great Awakening
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religious revival that occurred in the American colonies
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Which colony had no established church?
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Pennsylvania
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What did Quakers NOT do?
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Refuse to pay their taxes
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Who WASN'T excited about the Great Awakening
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Merchants in cities like Boston and Philadelphia
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Reasons for Puritans to migrate to New England
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ALL of these:
- Political Repression of dissident Protestants -Economic recession - Restrictions on Puritan religious practices |
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Why was Saratoga a turning point in the war?
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The American victory convinced France to make an alliance with the U.S.
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The Treaty of Paris of 1783
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Ended the American revolution AND made the Mississippi River the western boundary of U.S.
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What was a major problem of the Confederation Congress?
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The couldn't regulate trade
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Northwest Ordinance of 1787
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guided territorial expansion of nation through 1800s
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Major obstacle of the 1787 Constitutional Congress
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rivalry among states about representation
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Opponents of the new Constitution
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feared a strong national government that would become tyrannical
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Loyalists during Revolutionary War
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fled and had their properties evoked
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Marbury v. Madison
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began judicial review
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Common Sense
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attacked the King of England and the monarchy
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Constitutional Convention of 1787 DIDN'T
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determine provisions for the Bill of Rights
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Shay's Rebellion reflected tensions in the 1780s, specifically
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the economic frustration of New England farmers
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Reaction to Proclamation of 1763
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Colonists were enraged along with speculators, who ignored it
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The French and Indian War influenced colonies and Great Britain's relationship by
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imposing revenue taxes on colonists
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Argument of "virtual representation" was Parliment's ability to
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reflect colonial interest
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The Stamp Act was a precursor to the Revolutionary War ASIDE from the fact that
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the Patriots realized British inflexibility made revolution INEVITABLE (key = inevitable)
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The colonial response to Intolerable (Coercive) Acts of 1774 was
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to call the First Continental Congress
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Colonists opposed the Stamp Act because
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it was a direct tax passed by Parliament on the colonists
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Jefferson's Louisiana Purchase did NOT
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end Indian raids on Western Settlements
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The Sugar Act of 1764 angered
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New England Merchants
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The Stamp Act Congress 1765 proclaimed that
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Common sense, natural, and the British Constitution were all being violated by the Stamp Act
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Anger in Continental Army did NOT stem from
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Most soldiers being draftees
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Olive Branch Petition to the King 1775
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affirmed loyalty of colonists to him
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XYZ Affair led to
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undeclared sea warfare with France
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Hamilton thought his financial plan would
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generate investment, capitalize industry, restore national credit and strengthen the national government
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The significance of the dispute over the National Bank was that
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it raised the issue of strict v. looses interpretation of the Constitution
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Jefferson and Madison believed
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federal government should support the interests of producing classes, particularly farmers
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Whiskey Rebellion was significant because
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it was the first use of federal troops to stop a rebellion os American citizens
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Hamilton's financial plan benefitted
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eastern markets
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Strongest critics of the War of 1812 were
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New England merchants
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George Washington's farewell address
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discouraged permanent alliances with foreign nations
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Jefferson did NOT believe in
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a strong national army
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Hamilton's domestic/foreign policies
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strengthened federal government by favoring the interests of the propertied and monied class
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Adam's intentions for enforcing sedition acts was
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to intimidate the critics of his foreign policy toward France and England
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Fighting Alien and Sedition Acts in KY and VA
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asserted the rights of states to judge the constitutionality of federal laws
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A result of the Hartford Convention in 1814 was that
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Federalists were discredited in the eyed of many Americans
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In 1850, the South was different from the North, because the South
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had fewer European Immigrants
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Erie canal in 1825 was important because it
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strengthened ties between the Eastern and Western markets
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The South's number of slaves increased from 1810-1860 because of
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natural population growth
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the Lowell system in New England was
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a plan to promote and expand the textile industry and manufacturing
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The American Colonization Society's purpose was
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to return freed slaves to slaves to Africa
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the growth of African American population in the early 1800s was NOT because of
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federal constitutional provisions for emancipation
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the national drink of the early republic was
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whiskey
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The Waltham/Lowell system primarily employed
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young women
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After the Revolution land inheritance by farm fathers
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decreased in frequency and size
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Cotton belt planters
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moved away from the task system
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The founder of Mormonism, born in the 1800s was
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Joseph Smith
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Cherokee Indians tried to keep land in Georgia and got support from
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the Supreme Court (John Marshall)
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Henry Clay's American System did NOT call for
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the sale of federal lands to finance higher education
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The Monroe Doctrine said that
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European powers should not pursue future colonization of America
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The Missouri Compromise was a victory for antislavery advocates because
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it closed most of the Louisiana Purchase to slavery
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Tariffs passed in 1816-1826 were
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the first tariffs whose primary purpose was protection
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Nullification in 1832-1833 was significant because it
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enhanced Andrew Jackson's reputation as a strong president
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Whigs of the 1830's-1840's differed from Jacksonian Democrats in that
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they supported the American System of Henry Clay
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The spoils system refers to
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Andrew Jackson's use of presidential appointive power to reward his supporters with government jobs
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The treaty that acquired Florida was the
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Adams-Onis treaty
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The gag rule refers to Congressional consent to avoid discussing
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slavery
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The Force Bill refers to Andrew Jackson's attempt to
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prevent South Carolina from nullifying the tariff
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The corrupt bargain of 1824 was a deal between
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John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay
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Andrew Jackson resisted the annexation of Texas in 1836 because he
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feared a debate over it with Mexico, which could cause a war
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The Wilmot Proviso
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provided for the prohibition of slavery in lands acquired from Mexico
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The Compromise of 1850
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enacted a stringent fugitive slave law
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Daniel Webster's address to the Senate in 1830 was a reply to Senator Hayne that
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the United States was a congregation of people, not states.
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The women's movement did NOT demand
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equal compensation for equal work
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In response to the Whig's nomination of Zachary Taylor in 1848 conscience Whigs fled to the
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Free Soliers
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The man who was most responsible for passing the Compromise of 1850 was
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Stephen Douglas
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The Republican Party in the 1850s formed because people were
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opposed to the further extension of slavery into the territories
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The principal established in the Dred Scot case was that
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national legislation couldn't stop the spread of slavery into territories
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Hostility of the Know Nothings was directed toward
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Irish, German, and Catholic Immigrants
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Support for slavery in the South did NOT
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come from the fact that most white families owned slaves
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The Souther economy before the Civil War increasingly
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produced more cotton and other crops but did not develop much industry
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Something that contributed to Northern fear of a slave power conspiracy in the 1840s and the 1850s was NOT
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the passage of the Wilmot Proviso
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The Dred Scot decision in 1857 effectively repealed
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the Missouri Compromise
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A result of the Lincoln-Douglas debates was that
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Douglas was reelected into the United States Senate
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The result of John Brown's raid at Harper's Ferry was that
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outrage and fear spread throughout the South
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The subject of Sumner's speech that led to his caning was
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Bleeding Kansas
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The political party that endorse "free labor" was the
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Republican Party
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A person who asserted that Southern slaves had a higher standard of living than Northern laborers was
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George Fitzhugh
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Clara Barton and Lousia May Alcott were
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nurses
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The group of enslaved blacks directly affected by the Emancipation Proclamation those in the
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Confederate States in rebellion
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Because of "free soil, free labor, free men," Republicans in Congress passed
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the Homestead Act
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The main problems in the Confederacy during the war were
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food shortages and hyperinflation
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The Civil War was "total war" in that
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The North mobilized all its resources in order to destroy all Southern resources
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Soon after Jackson took office, it became clear that he would
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Follow a policy that would sustain black subordination in the South
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The single bloodiest day was on a Maryland battlefield at
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Antietam
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Both the Mexican war and the gag rule
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made the idea of Slave Power real
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The Wilmot Proviso would have had
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slavery prohibited in all territory gained from Mexico
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Lincoln's main opinion was that
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slave power threatened to destroy the economic opportunities available to free whited not only in territories but in free states as well
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In the aftermath of the Dred Scott decision, Stephen Douglas
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stood by popular soveringty by arguing that the Lecompton Constitution would be contrary to the will of the people
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The Civil War changed the South by forcing
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an abandonment of the philosophy of a weak central government
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To achieve independence, Jefferson Davis
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proposed emancipation to blacks that would fight for the Confederacy
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In the midst of the Civil War, people
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stood in increasing opposition to the Confederate government
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The Union's primary goal was to
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prevent European involvement with the confederacy and their recognition of it as an independent country
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The 1st Reconstruction Act
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made Southern states ratify the 14th amendment
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South Carolina attacked Ft. Sumter when
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Lincoln announced his plan to peacefully resupply the people there
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A slave-owning state that didn't secede was
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Kentucky
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The first significant battle in the Civil War was
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The Battle of Bull Run
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The Democratic candidate in the presidential election of 1864 was
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George McClellan
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An achievement of the "carpetbagger" government that survived the "redeemer" administration was the
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public school system
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The North criticized President Johnson because he
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granted pardons to confederate leaders who became elected officials
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President Johnson's impeachment was precipitated by his
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dismissal of war secretary Stanton
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After the Civil War, emancipated Southern blacks could NOT
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farm small plots given to them by the national government
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The 10% plan was
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Lincoln's plan for readmitting Confederate states
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Lincoln waited to emancipate slaves to
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retain loyalty of the Border States
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The North's advantage over the South at the beginning of the war was NOT
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that they had greater agreement over war aims
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A successful element of Radical Reconstruction was NOT
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40 acres and a mule
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