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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Exodusters
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From 1878-1880, 25K blacks from LA, TX, MS went to KN
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Black churches
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Black Baptist Church and African Methodist Episcopal Church
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Slave who wrote a letter to his old master
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Jourdon Anderson
escaped to OH demanded $11, 680 for slave labor |
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Northern white women volunteered as teachers from this organization
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American Missionary Association
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Date Freedman's Bureau created;
Head of Bureau |
March 3, 1865
Union general Oliver O. Howard |
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Freedman's Bureau
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provided food, clothing, medical care, education, 40 acre tracts of land that were never given to blacks
200K learned to read |
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The year the Freedman's Bureau expired
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1872 because of Pres. Andrew Johnson
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Pres. Johnson
-State of birth -Political party -Role in election of 1864 |
-North Carolina
-Democratic -Lincoln's Union Party VP |
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Lincoln's 10% Plan
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1863: state re-enter US when 10% of voters take oath of allegiance
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Republicans Wade-Davis Bill
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1864: Republican feared restoration of planter-aristocracy/slavery
50% of state's voters must take oath Lincoln vetoed it. |
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Johnson's plan
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1865
disfranchised leading Confederates sate conventions to: repeal secession repudiate Confederate debt ratify 13th amendment (abolished slavery) |
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Black Codes
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ensure stable labor force
penalties for breaking labor contract blacks cannot serve on jury blacks can't rent/lease land no suffrage |
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ex-VP of Confederacy
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Alexander Stephens
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Morrill Tarif, Pacific RR Act, Homestead Act
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Passed btw. 1861-1865; favored North
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Civil Rights Bill
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Republicans passed in 1866 against Pres. Johnson's veto of Freedmen's Bureau
contradicted Black Codes, gave blacks citizen's rights |
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Fourteenth Amendment
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Civil Rights Bill: June 1866
1. Citizenship 2. Reduced a states representation in Congress if it denied blacks the ballot 3.Disqualified Confederates in office 4. Rejected Confederate debt All 11 except TN rejected it |
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Thaddeus Stevens
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Joint Committee on Restoration
pro-blacks |
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Reconstruction Act
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March 2, 1867
south = 5 military districts w. Union soldiers temporarily disfranchised former Confederates |
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Fifteenth Amendment
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passed 1869, ratified 1870
black suffrage |
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Ex parte Milligan Supreme Court Case
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1866
military tribunals could not try civilians where civil courts were open |
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Union League
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black political union that campaigned for Republican candidates
built black churches represented black grievances before employers, gov't recruited militias to protect blacks |
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Number of blacks who served btw.1868-1876
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14
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First black senators
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Hiram Revels and Blanche K. Bruce
from MS |
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Scalawags
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Southerners, former Unionists and Whigs
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Carpetbaggers
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sleazy Northerners who went South for profit/power
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KKK
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"Invisible Empire of the South"
founded in TN 1866 |
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Force Acts of 1870 and 1871
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against KKK
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Tenure of Office Act
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Congress passed in 1867 over Johnson's veto
required pres. to get Senate consent to remove his appointees |
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Edwin M. Stanton
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secretary of war
holdover from Lincoln admin. secret spy for radicals |
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Impeachment
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1868: johnson charged with high crimes/misdemeanors, violating tenure of office act
failed in senate |
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Secretary of State
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William Seward
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Price of Alaska
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$7.2 million
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First state w. black codes (date)
harshest state most lenient state |
MS = first Nov. 1865 = harshest
GA = most lenient |