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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Reservation system |
Gave land to native tribes in the West. Land was used communally. The government encouraged natives to stay on the reservations, sometimes through violence. |
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Bureau of Indian Affairs |
Distributed land, made payments, oversaw the shipment of supplies. Corrupt and led to more racial conflict. |
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Slaughter of the buffalo |
Sioux and other tribes relied on the buffalo. Army commanders encouraged their slaughter. This prompted natives to fight back. The killing of buffalo forced natives on reservations. |
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Sand Creek massacre |
Cheyenne and Apache were forced to leave their reservation when gold was found. They were sent to a small area, but then settlers wanted that too. 200 of Black Kettle's Cheyenne band were killed by the Colorado militia. |
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Great Sioux War |
Started when Custer searched for gold on Sioux land. Sioux fought back against the US government. Led to the creation of the Great Sioux reservation. |
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Treaty of Fort Laramie |
Agreement between the US and the Lakota people. Signed in Wyoming territory. Ended the Great Sioux War, acknowledging US defeat. Gave the Black Hills to the Lakotas, and hunting rights in the surrounding states. Whites were not allowed in Powder River Country. Repeated violations of this caused the Black Hills war. |
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George Armstrong Custer |
Former Civil War general. During the Great Sioux War he attacked many Sioux warriors near the Little Bighorn River in Montana and was wiped out, mostly due to lack of reinforcement. |
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Chief Joseph |
Leader of Nez Perce. Fled with his tribe to Canada instead of reservations. US troops came and fought them back into reservations. |
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Wounded Knee |
The US army, believing that the Sioux leader, Sitting Bull, was using the Ghost Dance to start an uprising, sent in troops to arrest him. Sioux natives were forced to Wounded Knee Creek and 300 were killed. |
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Dawes Act |
Authorized the President to survey tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual natives. |
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Kill the Indian and save the man |
Motto of Richard Henry Pratt, founder of Carlisle Indian School |
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Brigham Young |
Successor to the Mormons after the death of Joseph Smith, founder of Mormonism; kept Mormonism alive and established it in Salt Lake City |
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Mormon settlements |
Brigham Young led the Mormons to Utah/Deseret, where they used advanced irrigation methods. Utah was prosperous and grew rapidly. Mormon polygamy delayed Utah's statehood. |
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Gadsden purchase |
Treaty in which the US bought land from Mexico for a railroad. That land became southern Arizona and southern New Mexico. There was a lot of debate over it. |
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Mexicanos |
People who became Americans after the US took territory from Mexico |
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Cattle drives |
The process of cowboys herding cattle to Northern plains |
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Range wars |
A type of conflict that occurs in agrarian societies. Fought over the rights to unowned land and water. |
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Transcontinental railroad |
Linked the eastern railroad system with California's railroad system |
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Homestead Act |
Granted any settler 160 acres to live on and care for for 5 years, had to improve land. Sparked the largest migration in world history. |
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Morill Land Grant Act |
Land granted to colleges from government for campuses in return for promising agricultural programs. |
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National Reclamation Act |
Added tons of irrigated land to the US |